Question

我有一个文本文件，格式如下：

BEGIN *A information here* END
BEGIN *B information here* END
BEGIN *C information here*
    *C additional information here*
    *C additional information here*
    BEGIN *C secondary information here*
          *C additional secondary information*
          BEGIN *C tertiary information* END
    END
    BEGIN *C secondary information*
    END
END
BEGIN *D information here* END

我想读取BEGIN和END之间的信息，并将信息保持为相同的格式，作为列表列表。我已经尝试分别用'['和']'替换'BEGIN'和'END'，然后尝试评估结果字符串，但是当它命中信息中的数字时会抛出语法错误。这是我试过的代码：

with open(filepath) as infile:
mylist = []
for line in infile:
    line = line.strip()
    line = line.replace('BEGIN', '[')
    line = line.replace('END', ']')
    mylist.append(line)

for n in mylist:
    print n

产生：

[ *A information here* ]
[ *B information here* ]
[ *C information here*
*C additional information here*
*C additional information here*
[ *C secondary information here*
*C additional secondary information*
[ *C tertiary information* ]
]
[ *C secondary information*
]
]
[ *D information here* ]

有没有办法将数据作为列表列表输出：

>>>for n in mylist:
>>>   print n
[*A information here*]
[*B information here*]
[*C information here* *C additional information here* [*C secondary information here* *C additional secondary information* [*C tertiary information*]] [*C secondary information*]]
[*D information here*]

Answer 1

假设文件不包含任何括号，您可以替换＆＃34; BEGIN＆＃34;和＆＃34;结束＆＃34;像你一样使用括号，然后写一个递归函数来解析它：

def parse(text):
    j=0
    result = [""]  # initialize a list to store the result
    for i in range(len(text)):  # iterate over indices of characters
        if text[i] == "[":
            s = ""  # initialize a string to store the text
            nestlevel = 1  # initialize a variable to store number of nested blocks
            j = i
            while nestlevel != 0:  # loop until outside all nested blocks
                j+=1
                # increment or decrement nest level on encountering brackets
                if text[j]=="[":
                    nestlevel+=1
                if text[j]=="]":
                    nestlevel-=1
            # data block goes from index i+1 to index j-1
            result.append(parse(text[i+1:j]))  # slicing doesn't include end bound element
            result.append("")
        elif i>j:
            result[-1]=result[-1]+text[i]
    return result
with open(filepath) as f:
    data=parse(f.read().replace("BEGIN","[").replace("END","]"))

这只是一个粗略的想法，我确信它可以通过其他方式进行优化和改进。此外，它可能返回空字符串，其中子列表之间没有文本。

Answer 2

我已设法使用以下代码：

def getObjectData(filepath):
    with open(filepath) as infile:
        mylist = []
        linenum = 0
        varcount = 0
        varlinedic = {}
        for line in infile:
            line = line.replace('BEGIN', '[').replace('END', ']')
            linenum += 1
            if line.startswith('['):
                varcount += 1

            varlinedic[varcount] = linenum
            mylist.append(line.strip())

    for key in varlinedic:
        if key == varlinedic[key]:
            print mylist[varlinedic[key]-1:varlinedic[key]]
        else:
            print mylist[varlinedic[key-1]:varlinedic[key]]

print getObjectData(filepath)

它返回：

['[ *A information here* ]']
['[ *B information here* ]']
['[ *C information here*', '*C additional information here*', '*C additional information here*', '[ *C secondary information here*', '*C additional secondary information*', '[ *C tertiary information* ]', ']', '[ *C secondary information*', ']', ']']
['[ *D information here* ]']
None

Python在两个字符串之间的文本文件中读取一系列信息

2 个答案: