Question

我试图从JSON文件中获取随机字及其参数。

JSON文件：

{
    ranWord1 {
        sentence: "This is a sentence 1"
    },
    ranWord2 {
        sentence: "This is a sentence 2"
    },
    ranWord3 {
        sentence: "This is a sentence 3"
    },
    ranWord4 {
        sentence: "This is a sentence 4"
    },
    ranWord5 {
        sentence: "This is a sentence 5"
    }
}

JS：

function readFiles() {
    var result = null;
    var file = 'dictionary.json';
    $.ajax({
        url: file,
        type: 'get',
        dataType: 'json',
        async: false,
        success: function(data) {
            result = data;
        } 
    });
    var lines = result.split(", ");
    var randLineNum = Math.floor(Math.random() * lines.length);
    return lines[randLineNum];
}

我能够得到随机词，在这种情况下是ranWord1，ranWord2，ranWord3，ranWord4，ranWord5。但是，我无法获得参数。我想将"This is a sentence 4"存储在局部变量中。任何帮助将不胜感激！

更新

外部word.js文件：

var data = [
  ["ranWord1", "This is a sentence 1"],
  ["ranWord2", "This is a sentence 2"],
  ["ranWord3", "This is a sentence 3"],
  ["ranWord4", "This is a sentence 4"],
  ["ranWord5", "This is a sentence 5"]
]

JS：

function readFiles() {
var result = null;
        var file = 'word.js';
        $.ajax({
            url: file,
            type: 'get',
            data: 'data',
            dataType: 'script',
            async: false,
            success: function(data) {
                var randomData = data[Math.floor(Math.random() * data.length)];
                result = randomData;
                alert("word: " + randomData[0] + ", sentence: " + randomData[1]);
            }
        });
}

我正在尝试从外部文件中获取数组，但现在我收到了undefined的randomData [1]，我收到了包括[和]在内的任何内容

Answer 1

这应该可以胜任。

等待json回复
获取对象大小
创建一个随机数
使用随机数

````

var randomSentence = '';

function readFiles() {
  var result = null;
  var file = 'dictionary.json';
  $.ajax({
    url: file,
    type: 'get',
    dataType: 'json',
    async: false,
    success: function(data) {
      jsonSize = getObjectSize(data);
      randNum = Math.floor(Math.random() * jsonSize);
      randomSentence = data[randNum].sentence;
    } 
  });
}

function getObjectSize(obj){
  var size = 0, key;
  for (key in obj) {
    if (obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) size++;
  }
  return size;
}

理想情况下，您将在成功函数结束时进行函数调用，并将随机语句的结果传递给该函数，而不是使用全局变量。

Answer 2

除了@AndyKillen解决的ajax问题，你的JSON无效。您可以使用http://jsonlint.com/进行检查。

这将是有效的JSON。

{
    "ranWord1": {
        "sentence": "This is a sentence 1"
    },
    "ranWord2": {
        "sentence": "This is a sentence 2"
    },
    "ranWord3": {
        "sentence": "This is a sentence 3"
    },
    "ranWord4": {
        "sentence": "This is a sentence 4"
    },
    "ranWord5": {
        "sentence": "This is a sentence 5"
    }
}

同样在你的情况下你甚至不需要这么复杂的json。一个简单的数组就足够了：

[
    "This is a sentence 1",
    "This is a sentence 2",
    "This is a sentence 3",
    "This is a sentence 4",
    "This is a sentence 5"
]

（除非你需要一些额外的数据）这也将简化您的JavaScript代码。你可以这样做：

$.ajax({
        url: file,
        type: 'get',
        dataType: 'json',
        async: false,
        success: function(data) {
            var randomSentence = data[Math.floor(Math.random()*data.length)];
        } 
    });

如果您需要这个词，您也可以这样做：

var data = [
  ["word1", "This is a sentence 1"],
  ["word2", "This is a sentence 2"],
  ["word3", "This is a sentence 3"],
  ["word4", "This is a sentence 4"],
  ["word5", "This is a sentence 5"]
]

var randomData = data[Math.floor(Math.random() * data.length)];
alert("word: " + randomData[0] + ", sentence: " + randomData[1]);

Answer 3

尝试

var json = {
    "ranWord1": {
        "sentence": "This is a sentence 1"
    },
    "ranWord2": {
        "sentence": "This is a sentence 2"
    },
    "ranWord3": {
        "sentence": "This is a sentence 3"
    },
    "ranWord4": {
        "sentence": "This is a sentence 4"
    },
    "ranWord5": {
        "sentence": "This is a sentence 5"
    }
};

function readFiles() {
    var file = '/echo/json/';
    var request = $.ajax({
        url: file,
        type: 'POST',
        dataType: 'json',
        data: {json:JSON.stringify(json)},
        async: false        
    });
    return request.then(function(data) {
            var keys = Object.keys(data);
            var sentences = $.map(data, function(rand, key) {
              return rand.sentence
            });
            return [data, keys, sentences]
        }, function(jqxhr, textStatus, errorThrown) {
          return errorThrown
        })

}

readFiles()
.then(function(response) {
    console.log(response); // `response[0]`:`json` 
    var keys = response[1];
    var sentences = response[2]
    // do stuff with `keys`:"words" , `sentences`:"sentences"
    console.log(keys, sentences);
    // var lines = result.split(", ");
    var randLineNum = Math.floor(Math.random() * keys.length);
    console.log(keys[randLineNum]
               , response[0][keys[randLineNum]]["sentence"]);
    return keys[randLineNum]
           +":"+ response[0][keys[randLineNum]]["sentence"];
}, function(errorThrown) {
     console.log(errorThrown)
});

jsfiddle http://jsfiddle.net/j4141k6a/1/

从json文件中获取随机单词及其参数

3 个答案: