我正在开发一个我目前正在使用的Spring-MVC应用程序 在Apache tomcat 7.0.55上使用Cometd实现聊天功能。我已经运行了基本代码，我可以通过通道发送消息并接收它们。当页面被加载时，我收到一个错误，即cometd servlet不支持异步操作。
当我阅读文档时，我发现，有必要
使用NIO连接器配置tomcat，我已经完成并且也放了
在web.xml中<async-supported>，但我仍然一直收到该错误。
这是为什么？在寻找一些解决方案后，我发现了一个问题，
表示需要配置tomcat，并为cometd链接
文档，其中仅链接Apache-tomcat
主页（死端）。
任何人都可以告诉我必须对允许websockets进行哪些修改。非常感谢。
错误日志：
SEVERE: Servlet.service() for servlet [cometd] in context with path [] threw exception
java.lang.IllegalStateException: A filter or servlet of the current chain does not support asynchronous operations.
at org.apache.catalina.connector.Request.startAsync(Request.java:1658)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.RequestFacade.startAsync(RequestFacade.java:1029)
at javax.servlet.ServletRequestWrapper.startAsync(ServletRequestWrapper.java:379)
at javax.servlet.ServletRequestWrapper.startAsync(ServletRequestWrapper.java:379)
at org.springframework.security.web.context.HttpSessionSecurityContextRepository$Servlet3SaveToSessionRequestWrapper.startAsync(HttpSessionSecurityContextRepository.java:246)
整个web.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0"
>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/root-context.xml,/WEB-INF/spring/appServlet/security-applicationContext.xml
</param-value>
</context-param>
<session-config>
<session-timeout>1440</session-timeout>
</session-config>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>cometd</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.cometd.server.CometDServlet</servlet-class>
<async-supported>true</async-supported>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>cometd</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/cometd/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>cross-origin</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.eclipse.jetty.servlets.CrossOriginFilter</filter-class>
<async-supported>true</async-supported>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>cross-origin</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/cometd/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
<async-supported>true</async-supported>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextAttribute</param-name>
<param-value>org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext.ROOT</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>403Jsp</servlet-name>
<jsp-file>/WEB-INF/views/error/403.jsp</jsp-file>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>403Jsp</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/403</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.security.web.session.HttpSessionEventPublisher</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/appServlet/servlet-context.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
<async-supported>true</async-supported>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.png</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.jpg</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<async-supported>true</async-supported>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>ExpiresFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.catalina.filters.ExpiresFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>ExpiresByType text/html</param-name>
<param-value>access plus 1 seconds</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>ExpiresByType image</param-name>
<param-value>access plus 10 weeks</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>ExpiresByType text/css</param-name>
<param-value>access plus 10 weeks</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>ExpiresByType application/javascript</param-name>
<param-value>access plus 10 weeks</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>ExpiresByType text/javascript</param-name>
<param-value>access plus 10 weeks</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>ExpiresByType font/truetype</param-name>
<param-value>access plus 10 weeks</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>ExpiresByType font/opentype</param-name>
<param-value>access plus 10 weeks</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>ExpiresByType application/x-font-woff</param-name>
<param-value>access plus 10 weeks</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>ExpiresByType application/vnd.ms-fontobject</param-name>
<param-value>access plus 10 weeks</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>ExpiresByType image/svg+xml</param-name>
<param-value>access plus 10 weeks</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>ExpiresFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
<dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>
</filter-mapping>
<!--
<error-page>
<error-code>403</error-code>
<location>/WEB-INF/views/error/403.jsp</location>
</error-page>
<error-page>
<error-code>404</error-code>
<location>/WEB-INF/views/error/404.jsp</location>
</error-page>
<error-page>
<location>/WEB-INF/views/error/general.jsp</location>
</error-page>
-->
</web-app>
Cometd配置：
import org.cometd.annotation.ServerAnnotationProcessor;
import org.cometd.bayeux.server.BayeuxServer;
import org.cometd.server.BayeuxServerImpl;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.context.ServletContextAware;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.annotation.PreDestroy;
import javax.inject.Inject;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
@Component
public class BayeuxInitializer implements DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessor, ServletContextAware {
private BayeuxServer bayeuxServer;
private ServerAnnotationProcessor processor;
@Inject
private void setBayeuxServer(BayeuxServer bayeuxServer) {
this.bayeuxServer = bayeuxServer;
}
@PostConstruct
private void init() {
this.processor = new ServerAnnotationProcessor(bayeuxServer);
}
@PreDestroy
private void destroy() {
}
public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String name) throws BeansException {
processor.processDependencies(bean);
processor.processConfigurations(bean);
processor.processCallbacks(bean);
return bean;
}
public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String name) throws BeansException {
return bean;
}
public void postProcessBeforeDestruction(Object bean, String name) throws BeansException {
processor.deprocessCallbacks(bean);
}
@Bean(initMethod = "start", destroyMethod = "stop")
public BayeuxServer bayeuxServer() {
return new BayeuxServerImpl();
}
public void setServletContext(ServletContext servletContext) {
servletContext.setAttribute(BayeuxServer.ATTRIBUTE, bayeuxServer);
}
}
ChatServiceImpl：
@Named
@Singleton
@Service
public class ChatServiceImpl {
@Inject
private BayeuxServer bayeux;
@Session
private ServerSession serverSession;
@PostConstruct
public void init() {
}
@Listener(value = "/service/online")
public void OnlineNotifications(ServerSession remote, ServerMessage.Mutable message) {
// method body
}
// and other listeners, omitted.
POM.xml中的Cometd依赖项
<!-- Cometd dependencies -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.cometd.java</groupId>
<artifactId>bayeux-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.cometd.javascript</groupId>
<artifactId>cometd-javascript-jquery</artifactId>
<version>3.0.4</version>
<type>war</type>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.cometd.java</groupId>
<artifactId>cometd-java-server</artifactId>
<version>3.0.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId>
<artifactId>jetty-client</artifactId>
<version>9.2.9.v20150224</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.cometd.java</groupId>
<artifactId>cometd-java-client</artifactId>
<version>3.0.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.cometd.java</groupId>
<artifactId>cometd-java-annotations</artifactId>
<version>3.0.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId>
<artifactId>jetty-servlets</artifactId>
<version>9.2.9.v20150224</version>
</dependency>
Tomcat的conf.xml：
<Connector connectionTimeout="20000" maxThreads="1000" port="8080" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol" redirectPort="8443"/>
<Connector port="8443" protocol="HTTP/1.1" SSLEnabled="true" maxThreads="150"
scheme="https" secure="true" clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192" connectionTimeout="20000"
keystoreFile="/home/username/.keystore" keystorePass="password" />
我也尝试在端口8443上使用NIO协议，这也没有帮助。我尝试过使用Apache tomcat版本8，在那里我得到了同样的错误，不是一次，而是每隔几秒钟。
更新 FasterXMl正在抛出错误
Sep 08, 2015 2:06:17 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve invoke
SEVERE: Servlet.service() for servlet [appServlet] in context with path [] threw exception [Request processing failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to instantiate standard serializer (of type com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.std.NullSerializer): Class com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.BasicSerializerFactory can not access a member of class com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.std.NullSerializer with modifiers "private"] with root cause
java.lang.IllegalAccessException: Class com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.BasicSerializerFactory can not access a member of class com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.std.NullSerializer with modifiers "private"
at sun.reflect.Reflection.ensureMemberAccess(Reflection.java:102)
at java.lang.Class.newInstance(Class.java:436)
at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.BasicSerializerFactory.findSerializerByLookup(BasicSerializerFactory.java:299)
at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.BeanSerializerFactory._createSerializer2(BeanSerializerFactory.java:210)
at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.BeanSerializerFactory.createSerializer(BeanSerializerFactory.java:152)
at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider._createUntypedSerializer(SerializerProvider.java:1077)
at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider._createAndCacheUntypedSerializer(SerializerProvider.java:1037)
at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider._findExplicitUntypedSerializer(SerializerProvider.java:1018)
at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.DefaultSerializerProvider.hasSerializerFor(DefaultSerializerProvider.java:336)
at com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper.canSerialize(ObjectMapper.java:1996)
at org.springframework.http.converter.json.AbstractJackson2HttpMessageConverter.canWrite(AbstractJackson2HttpMessageConverter.java:162)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.AbstractMessageConverterMethodProcessor.getProducibleMediaTypes(AbstractMessageConverterMethodProcessor.java:204)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.AbstractMessageConverterMethodProcessor.writeWithMessageConverters(AbstractMessageConverterMethodProcessor.java:122)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.AbstractMessageConverterMethodProcessor.writeWithMessageConverters(AbstractMessageConverterMethodProcessor.java:101)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor.handleReturnValue(RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor.java:167)
at org.springframework.web.method.support.HandlerMethodReturnValueHandlerComposite.handleReturnValue(HandlerMethodReturnValueHandlerComposite.java:71)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:126)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandleMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:776)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:705)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:85)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:959)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:893)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:966)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:857)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:620)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:842)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:727)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:303)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
at org.apache.catalina.filters.ExpiresFilter.doFilter(ExpiresFilter.java:1179)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:85)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:316)
at org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor.invoke(FilterSecurityInterceptor.java:126)
at org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor.doFilter(FilterSecurityInterceptor.java:90)
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
at org.springframework.security.web.access.ExceptionTranslationFilter.doFilter(ExceptionTranslationFilter.java:114)
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
at org.springframework.security.web.session.SessionManagementFilter.doFilter(SessionManagementFilter.java:122)
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AnonymousAuthenticationFilter.doFilter(AnonymousAuthenticationFilter.java:111)
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.rememberme.RememberMeAuthenticationFilter.doFilter(RememberMeAuthenticationFilter.java:157)
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
at org.springframework.security.web.servletapi.SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter.java:168)
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
at org.springframework.security.web.savedrequest.RequestCacheAwareFilter.doFilter(RequestCacheAwareFilter.java:48)
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter.doFilter(AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter.java:205)
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter.doFilter(LogoutFilter.java:120)
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
at org.springframework.security.web.header.HeaderWriterFilter.doFilterInternal(HeaderWriterFilter.java:64)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
at org.springframework.security.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter.doFilterInternal(WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter.java:53)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
at org.springframework.security.web.session.ConcurrentSessionFilter.doFilter(ConcurrentSessionFilter.java:133)
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
at org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.java:91)
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilterInternal(FilterChainProxy.java:213)
at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:176)
at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:344)
at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:261)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:220)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:122)
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:501)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:171)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:103)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:950)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:116)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:408)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1070)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:611)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1736)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1695)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
答案 0 :(得分：1)
您当前的web.xml缺少<async-supported>true</async-supported>链中至少2个过滤器。
CharacterEncoding过滤器以及ExpiresFilter。由于/*映射，两者都在所有链中，因此应将async-supported设置为true。