如何使用Python中的Tkinter创建自定义消息框，同时更改消息和更改按钮状态

Question

我希望在root window之上创建一个与此link类似的消息窗口。带有消息和非活动按钮的消息窗口，直到代码的某些部分完成，然后显示带有活动按钮的消息。这就是代码结构的样子（我已经删除了特定的细节，只是清楚了解代码流的样子）

第二个窗口不起作用，而是窗口出现在函数的末尾。有人可以帮忙。

from Tkinter import *
import tkMessageBox

def a():
    return

def b():
    . . .
    . . .
    msg_window = Toplevel()
    msg_window.grapset()
    msg_window.title( ___ )
    msg_geometry( ___ )
    msgLabel = Label(window)
    msgLabel["text"]="Processing...."
    msgLabel.pack()
    btn = Button(msg_window, text="Ok", command=msg_window.destroy())
    btn.pack()
    btn.config(state=DISABLED)
    a()
    c()
    d()
    d()
    msgLabel["text"]="Done"
    msgLabel.pack()
    btn = Button(msg_window, text="Ok", command=msg_window.destroy())
    btn.pack()
    btn.config(state=NORMAL)
    e()
    if tkMessageBox.askyesno( ___ ):
        do something
    else:
        do something
    pass

def c():
    return

def d():
    return

def e():
    return

root = Tk()
frame = Frame( ___ )
frame.pack()
but_find = Button( ___ )
but_find.pack()
but_start = Button( ___ )
but_start.pack()
but_exit = Button( ___ )
but_exit.pack()
root.mainloop()

说明： 我正在构建一个应用程序，其中根窗口包含3个按钮。单击start按钮后，将调用function b，然后调用function b内部的各种其他函数。这就是，我想创建第二个窗口，显示在根窗口之上，并使根窗口处于非活动状态，直到function b完成或second window被销毁。

我想要的是...... 第二个窗口（包含2个内容 - 消息和按钮）应在执行一些步骤后在function b内开始。它应该在Processing....开始之前显示消息inactive button和Ok function a，并且应该在function d完成之前显示。然后，我想显示Done，其中active 'Ok' button会破坏第二个窗口。然后激活root窗口。

Answer 1

尝试开发自己的对话框。例如：

import Tkinter as tk


class CustomDialog(tk.Toplevel):
    def __init__(self, title, message, command1=self.ok, command2=self.ok, command3=self.ok, buttontext1="button1", buttontext2="button2", buttontext3="button3"):
        self.base = tk.Toplevel()
        self.base.title(title)
        self.label = tk.Label(self.base, text=message)
        self.label.pack()
        self.label.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=3, sticky=N)
        self.button1 = tk.Button(self.base, text=buttontext1, command=command1)
        self.button1.pack()
        self.button1.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=N)
        self.button2 = tk.Button(self.base, text=buttontext2, command=command2)
        self.button2.pack()
        self.button2.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=N)
        self.button3 = tk.Button(self.base, text=buttontext3, command=command3)
        self.button3.pack()
        self.button3.grid(row=1, column=2, sticky=N)
    def ok(self, event=None):
        self.destroy()
    def baseconfig(self, option, value):
        self.base[option] = value
    def labelconfig(self, option, value):
        self.label[option] = value
    def buttonconfig(self, number, option, value):
        exec "self.button%s[option] = value" % str(number)

def customDialog(title, message, command1=self.ok, command2=self.ok, command3=self.ok, buttontext1="button1", buttontext2="button2", buttontext3="button3", button1ret=None, button2ret=None, button3ret=None):
    def _button1press():
        command1()
        return button1ret
    def _button2press():
        command2()
        return button2ret
    def _button3press():
        command3()
        return button3ret
    dialog = CustomDialog(title, message, _button1press, _button2press, _button3press, buttontext1, buttontext2, buttontext3)

要禁用第一个按钮，请拨打self.buttonconfig(1, state, DISABLED)（1表示按钮的编号）。要启用它，请使用self.buttonconfig(1, state, NORMAL)。

Answer 2

from tkinter import *

class MessageBox(object):

    def __init__(self,title='Mess', msg='', b1='OK', b2='',b3='',b4=''):

    # Required Data of Init Function
        self.title = title      # Is title of titlebar
        self.msg = msg          # Is message to display
        self.b1 = b1            # Button 1 (outputs '1')
        self.b2 = b2            # Button 2 (outputs '2')
        self.b3 = b3            # Button 3 (outputs '3')
        self.b4 = b4            # Button 4 (outputs '4')
        self.choice = ''        # it will be the return of messagebox according to button press

    # Just the colors for my messagebox

        self.tabcolor = 'red'    # Button color for Active State
        self.bgcolor = 'blue'    # Button color for Non-Active State
        self.bgcolor2 = 'yellow' # Background color of Dialogue
        self.textcolor = 'Green' # Text color for Dialogue

    # Creating Dialogue for messagebox
        self.root = Toplevel()
    
    # Removing titlebar from the Dialogue
        self.root.overrideredirect(True)

    # Setting Geometry
        self.root.geometry("300x120+100+100")
    
    # Setting Background color of Dialogue
        self.root.config(bg=self.bgcolor2)

    # Creating Label For message
        self.msg = Label(self.root,text=msg,
                        font=("Helvetica",9),
                        bg=self.bgcolor2,
                        fg=self.textcolor,
                        #anchor='nw'
                        )
        self.msg.place(x=10,y=28,height=60,width=280)

    # Creating TitleBar
        self.titlebar = Label(self.root,text=self.title,
                             bg=self.bgcolor2,
                             fg=self.textcolor,
                             bd=0,
                             font=("Helvetica",10,'bold')
                             )
        self.titlebar.place(x=100,y=5)
    
        # Creating Close Button
        self.CloseBtn = Button(self.root,
                                text='x',
                                font=("Helvetica",12),
                                command = lambda : self.closed(),
                                bd=0,
                                activebackground='red',
                                activeforeground='white',
                                background=self.bgcolor2,
                                foreground=self.textcolor)
        self.CloseBtn.place(x=260,y=0,width=40)
 
        # Changing Close Button Color on Mouseover
        self.CloseBtn.bind("<Enter>", lambda e,: self.CloseBtn.config(bg='red',fg='white'))
        self.CloseBtn.bind("<Leave>", lambda e,: self.CloseBtn.config(bg=self.bgcolor2,fg=self.textcolor))

    # Creating B1 
        self.B1 = Button(self.root,text=self.b1,command=self.click1,
                        bd=0,
                        font=("Helvetica",10),
                        bg=self.bgcolor,
                        fg='white',
                        activebackground=self.tabcolor,
                        activeforeground=self.textcolor)
        self.B1.place(x=225,y=90,height=25,width=60)
    
    # Getting place_info of B1
        self.B1.info = self.B1.place_info()
    
    # Creating B2
        if not b2=="":
            self.B2 = Button(self.root,text=self.b2,command=self.click2,
                            bd=0,
                            font=("Helvetica",10),
                            bg=self.bgcolor,
                            fg='white',
                            activebackground=self.tabcolor,
                            activeforeground=self.textcolor)
            self.B2.place(x=int(self.B1.info['x'])-(70*1),
                          y=int(self.B1.info['y']),
                          height=int(self.B1.info['height']),
                          width=int(self.B1.info['width'])
                          )
    # Creating B3
        if not b3=='':
            self.B3 = Button(self.root,text=self.b3,command=self.click3,
                            bd=0,
                            font=("Helvetica",10),
                            bg=self.bgcolor,
                            fg='white',
                            activebackground=self.tabcolor,
                            activeforeground=self.textcolor)
            self.B3.place(x=int(self.B1.info['x'])-(70*2),
                          y=int(self.B1.info['y']),
                          height=int(self.B1.info['height']),
                          width=int(self.B1.info['width'])
                          )
    # Creating B4
        if not b4=='':
            self.B4 = Button(self.root,text=self.b4,command=self.click4,
                            bd=0,
                            font=("Helvetica",10),
                            bg=self.bgcolor,
                            fg='white',
                            activebackground=self.tabcolor,
                            activeforeground=self.textcolor)
            self.B4.place(x=int(self.B1.info['x'])-(70*3),
                          y=int(self.B1.info['y']),
                          height=int(self.B1.info['height']),
                          width=int(self.B1.info['width'])
                          )

    # Making MessageBox Visible
        self.root.wait_window()

    # Function on Closeing MessageBox
    def closed(self):
        self.root.destroy() # Destroying Dialogue
        self.choice='closed'#Assigning Value
        
    # Function on pressing B1
    def click1(self):
        self.root.destroy() # Destroying Dialogue
        self.choice='1'     # Assigning Value

    # Function on pressing B2
    def click2(self):
        self.root.destroy() # Destroying Dialogue
        self.choice='2'     # Assigning Value

    # Function on pressing B3
    def click3(self):
        self.root.destroy() #Destroying Dialogue
        self.choice='3'     # Assigning Value

    # Function on pressing B4
    def click4(self):
        self.root.destroy() #Destroying Dialogue
        self.choice='4'     #Assigning Value

root = Tk()

def func():
    a = MessageBox(msg='Hello I m your multiline message',
                    title='Hello World',
                    b1='Button 1',
                    b2='Button 2',
                    )
    print(a.choice)

Button(root,text='Click Me',command=func).pack()

root.mainloop()