我在注册用Python编写的COM服务器时遇到问题，该服务器似乎与标准的uuid Python模块有关。
我在64位Windows 7专业版上运行32位Python 2.7.9。
当我在服务器中包含uuid模块时，在注册或取消注册过程中会出现故障（使用regsvr32）。如果我从我的项目中移除uuid，一切似乎都有效。
我使用了Dependency Walker进行调查。我没有详细了解正在发生的事情，但很明显，该进程在Windows PATH中找到了MSVCR90.DLL的副本，这恰好是DLL的错误版本，因此会出现故障。
现在我可以从路径中删除这个特定的MSVCR90.DLL文件，但它不属于我！它是由我们的IT部门安装的一些英特尔软件的分发版！无论如何，我希望能够将我的服务器分发给其他用户，并且无法控制其计算机的配置。
另外需要注意的是，我在COM服务器DLL旁边的清单中提供了正确版本的MSVCR90.DLL（通常用于分发基于Python的DLL可执行文件）。所以我希望Python uuid模块找到那个DLL并使用它。
我完全卡住了。任何人都可以提供解决方案吗？
以下是Dependency Walker的一些摘录。我看到从Windows PATH
加载的DLL不正确00:00:04.742: LoadLibraryA("msvcr90.dll") called from "c:\proj_py\gtxl\sxs\dist\_CTYPES.PYD" at address 0x1D1A9742.
00:00:04.773: Loaded "c:\program files (x86)\intel\icls client\MSVCR90.DLL" at address 0x59AE0000. Successfully hooked module.
下面几行我看到了这一行（第一行和最后一行显示为红色）
00:00:12.807: DllMain(0x59AE0000, DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH, 0x00000000) in "c:\program files (x86)\intel\icls client\MSVCR90.DLL" returned 0 (0x0).
00:00:12.839: DllMain(0x59AE0000, DLL_PROCESS_DETACH, 0x00000000) in "c:\program files (x86)\intel\icls client\MSVCR90.DLL" called.
00:00:12.839: DllMain(0x59AE0000, DLL_PROCESS_DETACH, 0x00000000) in "c:\program files (x86)\intel\icls client\MSVCR90.DLL" returned 0 (0x0).
00:00:12.854: Unloaded "c:\program files (x86)\intel\icls client\MSVCR90.DLL" at address 0x59AE0000.
00:00:12.870: LoadLibraryA("msvcr90.dll") returned NULL. Error: A dynamic link library (DLL) initialization routine failed (1114).
这似乎是错误点。
现在，在我看来，一个名为_CTYPES.PYD的Python DLL会导致加载不需要的DLL。我假设uuid模块正在调用Python ctypes模块，该模块以某种方式与_ctypes.pyd相关联。
这是否意味着Python 2.7.9发行版中的_ctypes.pyd存在问题？
也许是最后一条线索。当我从PATH中删除有问题的DLL时。注册过程没有错误。但是，在Dependency Walker中我看到了这个
00:00:03.728: LoadLibraryA("msvcr90.dll") called from "c:\proj_py\gtxl\sxs\dist\_CTYPES.PYD" at address 0x1D1A9742.
00:00:03.759: LoadLibraryA("msvcr90.dll") returned NULL. Error: %1 is not a valid Win32 application (193).
第二行以红色突出显示。看起来这个尝试失败了，但是注册只是继续进行（我没有看到任何其他对msvcr90.dll的引用）。
以下是导致问题的简单示例的文件。我正在使用Python comtypes包与py2exe结合来创建服务器。
必须由MIDL编译器
编写的IDL文件test.idl
import "oaidl.idl";
import "ocidl.idl";
[
uuid(EAE82E0D-312C-4C23-99D8-8BA686D89B72),
dual,
oleautomation
]
interface IMSLTest : IDispatch {
HRESULT TestMethod([in] INT a, [in] INT b, [out, retval] INT *presult);
}
[
uuid(7587E538-7AFD-4663-A444-34F32997B0E9)
]
library MSLTestLib
{
importlib("stdole2.tlb");
[uuid(B7051914-24BC-4FBB-A447-F75A9FA8E295)]
coclass MyObject {
[default] interface IMSLTest;
};
};
Python COM服务器的源文件server.py
import comtypes
import comtypes.server.inprocserver
import uuid
# # generate wrapper code for the type library, this needs
# # to be done only once (but also each time the IDL file changes)
# # !!! NB It needs to be done before py2exe is run !!!
# from comtypes.client import GetModule
# GetModule("test.tlb")
# Something has been created here
from comtypes.gen.MSLTestLib import MyObject
class MyObjectImpl(MyObject):
# registry entries
_reg_threading_ = "Both"
_reg_progid_ = "MSLTestLib.MyObject"
_reg_desc_ = "A test COM server"
_reg_clsctx_ = comtypes.CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER
def __init__(self):
MyObject.__init__(self)
l = uuid.uuid4().int
def TestMethod(self,a,b):
return a + b
if __name__ == "__main__":
from comtypes.server.register import UseCommandLine
UseCommandLine(MyObjectImpl)
# # Does it work?
# # Must register the server using the two lines above first,
# # then uncomment these and comment out those above.
# from comtypes.client import CreateObject
# x = CreateObject("MSLTestLib.MyObject")
# print x.TestMethod(3,4)
py2exe的配置文件，setup.py（放入清单中的文件的glob是特定于我的设置）
from distutils.core import setup
import py2exe
from glob import glob
data_files = [
("Microsoft.VC90.CRT", glob(r'C:\usr\lib\msvcr\*.*'))
]
class Target:
def __init__(self, **kw):
self.__dict__.update(kw)
# for the version info resources (Properties -- Version)
self.version = "0.0.0"
self.company_name = "Mine"
self.copyright = "c 2015"
self.name = "Test"
my_com_server_target = Target(
description = "A test server",
# use module name for win32com exe/dll server
modules = ["server"],
# the following line embeds the typelib within the dll
other_resources = [("TYPELIB", 1, open(r"test.tlb", "rb").read())],
# specify which type of com server you want (exe and/or dll)
create_exe = False,
create_dll = True
)
includes = ["win32com" ,"win32service", "win32serviceutil", "win32event"]
excludes = ['tcl', 'Tkconstants', 'Tkinter', 'distutils','numpy','unittest']
packages = []
dll_excludes = [
'tcl84.dll', 'tk84.dll',
'SHFOLDER.dll',
'Secur32.dll',
'MPR.dll',
'CRYPT32.dll',
'KERNELBASE.dll',
]
setup(
data_files=data_files,
options={ "py2exe":
dict(
includes=includes,
excludes=excludes,
packages=packages,
dll_excludes=dll_excludes,
ascii=False,
bundle_files=3,
# skip_archive=True
)
},
ctypes_com_server = [my_com_server_target],
zipfile=None,
)
以下是我的清单文件Microsoft.VC90.CRT.manifest的内容，它位于名为Microsoft.VC90.CRT的文件夹中，与msvcr90.dll一起，与我的COM服务器位于同一目录中。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<!-- Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. -->
<assembly xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" manifestVersion="1.0">
<noInheritable/>
<assemblyIdentity
type="win32"
name="Microsoft.VC90.CRT"
version="9.0.21022.8"
processorArchitecture="x86"
publicKeyToken="1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b"
>
</assemblyIdentity>
<file name="msvcr90.dll" />
</assembly>
DLL中还有一个嵌入式清单。这是由py2exe自动生成的，没有任何内容。这是
<assembly xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" manifestVersion="1.0">
<trustInfo xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
<security>
<requestedPrivileges>
<requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false"></requestedExecutionLevel>
</requestedPrivileges>
</security>
</trustInfo>
<dependency>
<dependentAssembly>
<assemblyIdentity type="win32" name="Microsoft.VC90.CRT" version="9.0.21022.8" processorArchitecture="x86" publicKeyToken="1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b"></assemblyIdentity>
</dependentAssembly>
</dependency>
</assembly>