我写了一个小程序(包含来自SO的代码),便于printenv | sort | less
。现在我想实现错误处理,我从execvp开始。它只是检查返回值还有什么? AFAIK我只检查该函数return execvp (cmd [i].argv [0], (char * const *)cmd [i].argv);
中的返回值是否为0。这是对的吗?
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
struct command
{
const char **argv;
};
/* Helper function that spawns processes */
int spawn_proc (int in, int out, struct command *cmd) {
pid_t pid;
if ((pid = fork ()) == 0) {
if (in != 0) {
dup2 (in, 0);
close (in);
}
if (out != 1) {
dup2 (out, 1);
close (out);
}
return execvp (cmd->argv [0], (char * const *)cmd->argv);
}
return pid;
}
/* Helper function that forks pipes */
int fork_pipes (int n, struct command *cmd) {
int i;
int in, fd [2];
for (i = 0; i < n - 1; ++i) {
pipe (fd);
spawn_proc (in, fd [1], cmd + i);
close (fd [1]);
in = fd [0];
}
dup2 (in, 0);
return execvp (cmd [i].argv [0], (char * const *)cmd [i].argv);
}
int main (int argc, char ** argv) {
int i;
if (argc == 1) { /* There were no arguments */
const char *printenv[] = { "printenv", 0};
const char *sort[] = { "sort", 0 };
const char *less[] = { "less", 0 };
struct command cmd [] = { {printenv}, {sort}, {less} };
return fork_pipes (3, cmd);
}
if (argc > 1) { /* I'd like an argument */
if (strncmp(argv[1], "cd", 2) && strncmp(argv[1], "exit", 2)) {
char *tmp;
int len = 1;
for( i=1; i<argc; i++)
{
len += strlen(argv[i]) + 2;
}
tmp = (char*) malloc(len);
tmp[0] = '\0';
int pos = 0;
for( i=1; i<argc; i++)
{
pos += sprintf(tmp+pos, "%s%s", (i==1?"":"|"), argv[i]);
}
const char *printenv[] = { "printenv", 0};
const char *grep[] = { "grep", "-E", tmp, NULL};
const char *sort[] = { "sort", 0 };
const char *less[] = { "less", 0 };
struct command cmd [] = { {printenv}, {grep}, {sort}, {less} };
return fork_pipes (4, cmd);
free(tmp);
} else if (! strncmp(argv[1], "cd", 2)) { /* change directory */
printf("change directory to %s\n" , argv[2]);
chdir(argv[2]);
} else if (! strncmp(argv[1], "exit", 2)) { /* change directory */
printf("exit\n");
exit(0);
}
}
exit(0);
}
答案 0 :(得分:2)
查看manual:execvp
将您的流程的计划图片更改为另一个。因此,如果有一个返回值,它显然是-1,因为它显然会失败。
对于调用syscall的任何系统调用或函数,execvp使用set errno获取相应的错误代码,可以使用perror来了解函数失败的原因。 (顺便说一下,你应该对任何系统调用执行相同的操作:至少包括fork,pipe和dup2。)
然后,如果通过&#34;错误处理&#34;,表示您启动的程序处理错误,则可以使用wait or waitpid进行处理。它将允许您知道程序如何结束,它返回值,如果它以信号结束,如果是,那么等等。