让我们假设它的ECMAScript，c ++ 11或boost :: xpressive的正则表达式
在输入时，我有一个格式为key1=value1;key2=value2;key3=value3的字符串，所以正则表达式为
((w+)\=(w+)\;)*((\w)+\=(\w)+)\;?
我想把所有的键和值都放到两个std :: vector＆lt; std :: string＆gt; 所以子匹配1,2,3,4拥有我所需要的一切。并且存在问题 - 可能\ 1是阵列。我没有看到任何界面，我怎么能得到c ++正则表达式和boost :: xpressive。可能它在这里但不是那么明显。
答案 0 :(得分：2)
虽然您从未回复过要求的确切性质，但我想向您展示我在http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2109§4.2中所述的/ {/ 1}}响应标头中提出的内容。 2“Set-Cookie语法”
请注意
Set-Cookie之后的空间不足）。使其成为现实证明需要进行一些调整（具体而言，更改船长类型并将子解析器表达式指定为; s 最后，关键是：这只是其中一个RFC 。还有其他版本，它们指定了此处未涉及的变体。在现实生活中，HTTP客户端必须借助启发式方法来完善解密cookie的艺术。它们通常根据版本切换到完全不同的解析代码。
轶事：就在今天，我追踪了我们软件中的一个错误，即OpenJDK 6吞噬了Cookie。毫无例外。你猜对了：由于功能不受支持。当然，Java 6已经过时了，但在我们的下一个版本发布之前，我们不会放弃对它的支持。所以......我们编写了更多的解析代码。
这是代码中最通用的版本，其中AST包含变量属性的向量（如语法所示）：
lexeme<强> Live On Coliru
using expires_av = attribute<attr::expires, rfc1123date>;
using max_age_av = attribute<attr::max_age, int>;
using domain_av = attribute<attr::domain>;
using path_av = attribute<attr::path>;
using secure_av = attribute<attr::secure, void>;
using httponly_av = attribute<attr::httponly, void>;
using extension_av = attribute<attr::extension>;
using cookie_av = boost::variant<
expires_av,
max_age_av,
domain_av,
path_av,
secure_av,
httponly_av,
extension_av
>;
struct cookie_pair {
std::string name, value;
};
struct cookie {
cookie_pair pair;
std::list<cookie_av> attributes;
};
这是一个在现实生活中可能更方便的版本。因为，虽然语法不限制说，//#define BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG
#include <boost/fusion/adapted/struct.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp>
#include <boost/date_time/posix_time/posix_time_io.hpp>
namespace qi = boost::spirit::qi;
#include <boost/date_time.hpp>
#include <boost/date_time/local_time/local_time.hpp>
#include <boost/date_time/posix_time/posix_time.hpp>
#include <boost/filesystem/operations.hpp>
namespace http {
class datetime {
using clock = boost::local_time::local_sec_clock;
boost::local_time::local_date_time m_dt;
public:
datetime() : m_dt(clock::local_time(boost::local_time::time_zone_ptr())) {
}
friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, datetime const& o) {
std::ostream imbued(os.rdbuf());
imbued.imbue(std::locale(imbued.getloc(), new boost::local_time::local_time_facet("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT")));
imbued << o.m_dt;
return os;
}
friend std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& is, datetime& o) {
std::istream imbued(is.rdbuf());
imbued.imbue(std::locale(std::locale::classic(), new boost::local_time::local_time_input_facet("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT")));
imbued >> o.m_dt;
return is;
}
};
}
namespace ast {
using rfc1123date = http::datetime; // rfc1123 formatting
namespace attr {
struct expires { static constexpr char const* name() { return "expires"; } };
struct max_age { static constexpr char const* name() { return "max-age"; } };
struct domain { static constexpr char const* name() { return "domain"; } };
struct path { static constexpr char const* name() { return "path"; } };
struct secure { static constexpr char const* name() { return "secure"; } };
struct httponly { static constexpr char const* name() { return "httponly"; } };
struct extension { static constexpr char const* name() { return "extension"; } };
}
template <typename tag, typename V = std::string>
struct attribute {
V value;
attribute(V value = {}) : value(std::move(value)) {}
friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, attribute const& attr) {
return os << "[ " << tag::name() << "=" << attr.value << " ]";
}
};
template <typename tag>
struct attribute<tag, void> {
//attribute(bool = true) {};
friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, attribute const&) {
return os << "[ attribute: present ]";
}
};
using expires_av = attribute<attr::expires, rfc1123date>;
using max_age_av = attribute<attr::max_age, int>;
using domain_av = attribute<attr::domain>;
using path_av = attribute<attr::path>;
using secure_av = attribute<attr::secure, void>;
using httponly_av = attribute<attr::httponly, void>;
using extension_av = attribute<attr::extension>;
using cookie_av = boost::variant<
expires_av,
max_age_av,
domain_av,
path_av,
secure_av,
httponly_av,
extension_av
>;
struct cookie_pair {
std::string name, value;
};
struct cookie {
cookie_pair pair;
std::list<cookie_av> attributes;
};
}
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(ast::cookie_pair,
(std::string, name)
(std::string, value)
)
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(ast::cookie,
(ast::cookie_pair, pair)
(std::list<ast::cookie_av>, attributes)
)
namespace ast {
static inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, std::list<cookie_av> const&v) {
os << "{";
std::copy(v.begin(), v.end(), std::ostream_iterator<cookie_av>(os, "; "));
return os << "}";
}
static inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, cookie_pair const&v) { return os << boost::fusion::as_vector(v); }
static inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, cookie const&v) { return os << boost::fusion::as_vector(v); }
}
template <typename It>
struct set_cookie : qi::grammar<It, ast::cookie()> {
set_cookie() : set_cookie::base_type(start) {
using namespace qi;
using boost::proto::deep_copy;
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// RFC2616 2.2 token
#define RFC_CTLs "\x01-\x1f\x7f"
constexpr char DQUOTE = '"';
token = +(~char_(RFC_CTLs /*separators:*/ "()<>@,;:\\\"/[]?={} \t") - '\0');
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// RFC6265 4.1.1. Syntax (set-cookie)
set_cookie_header = no_case["set-cookie: "] >> set_cookie_string;
set_cookie_string = cookie_pair >> *("; " >> cookie_av);
cookie_pair = cookie_name >> '=' >> cookie_value;
cookie_name = token;
auto cookie_octet = deep_copy(char_("\x21" "\x23-\x2B" "\x2D-\x3A" "\x3C-\x5B" "\x5D-\x7E"));
cookie_value = *cookie_octet | (DQUOTE >> *cookie_octet >> DQUOTE);
// ; US-ASCII characters excluding CTLs,
// ; whitespace DQUOTE, comma, semicolon,
// ; and backslash
cookie_av = expires_av
| max_age_av
| domain_av
| path_av
| secure_av
| httponly_av
| extension_av
;
expires_av = no_case["expires="] >> sane_cookie_date;
sane_cookie_date = stream; // TODO <rfc1123_date, defined in [RFC2616], Section 3.3.1>
max_age_av = no_case["max-age="] >> !char_('0') >> uint_;
// ; In practice, both expires_av and max_age_av
// ; are limited to dates representable by the
// ; user agent.
// non_zero_digit = %x31-39
// ; digits 1 through 9
domain_av = no_case["domain="] >> domain_value;
domain_value = raw [ (alpha >> *(alpha|digit|'-')) % '.'];
// ; defined in [RFC1034], Section 3.5, as
// ; enhanced by [RFC1123], Section 2.1
path_av = no_case["path="] >> path_value;
path_value = *(~char_(RFC_CTLs ";") - '\0'); // <any CHAR except CTLs or ";">
secure_av = no_case["secure"] >> attr(ast::secure_av{});
httponly_av = no_case["httponly"] >> attr(ast::httponly_av{});
extension_av = as_string [*(~char_(RFC_CTLs ";") - '\0')]; // <any CHAR except CTLs or ";">
start = set_cookie_header;
BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG_NODES(
(start)
(set_cookie_header) (set_cookie_string)
(cookie_pair) (cookie_name) (cookie_value) (token)
(cookie_av)
(expires_av) (sane_cookie_date)
(max_age_av)
(domain_av) (domain_value)
(path_av) (path_value)
(secure_av)
(httponly_av)
(extension_av)
);
#undef RFC_CTLs
}
private:
qi::rule<It, ast::cookie()> start;
qi::rule<It, std::string()> token, cookie_name, cookie_value, domain_value, path_value;
qi::rule<It, ast::cookie()> set_cookie_header, set_cookie_string;
qi::rule<It, ast::cookie_pair()> cookie_pair;
qi::rule<It, ast::cookie_av()> cookie_av;
qi::rule<It, ast::expires_av()> expires_av;
qi::rule<It, ast::rfc1123date()> sane_cookie_date;
qi::rule<It, ast::max_age_av()> max_age_av; // non_zero_digit;
qi::rule<It, ast::domain_av()> domain_av;
qi::rule<It, ast::path_av()> path_av;
qi::rule<It, ast::secure_av()> secure_av;
qi::rule<It, ast::httponly_av()> httponly_av;
qi::rule<It, ast::extension_av()> extension_av;
};
int main() {
using It = std::string::const_iterator;
for (std::string const s : {
"Set-Cookie: name=value",
"Set-Cookie: name=value; Path=/; Domain=domain.com",
"set-cookie: name=value; path=/; domain=domain.com",
//// not actually rfc 6265 conformant:
//"Set-Cookie: name=value;path=/;domain=domain.com",
// actually a wednesday:
"Set-Cookie: name=value; path=/; domain=.mydomain.com; expires=Thu, 01-Jan-2070 00:00:10 GMT; comment=no_comment"
})
{
It f = s.begin(), l = s.end();
std::cout << "Parsing '" << s << "'\n";
ast::cookie cookie;
bool ok = qi::parse(f,l,set_cookie<It>(),cookie);
if (ok) {
std::cout << " -- Parse success: " << cookie << "\n";
}
else
std::cout << " -- Parse failure\n";
if (f!=l)
std::cout << " -- Remaining unparsed: '" << std::string(f,l) << "'\n";
}
}
或Expires属性只出现1次，但实际上重复这些属性是没有意义的。所以，这是一个变体，它只是解析为HttpOnly属性的集合而不是
optional<><强> Live On Coliru
using domain_av = string_attribute;
using path_av = string_attribute;
using extension_av = string_attribute;
struct cookie_av {
optional<expires_av> expires;
optional<max_age_av> max_age;
optional<domain_av> domain;
optional<path_av> path;
bool secure = false;
bool httponly = false;
optional<extension_av> extension;
};
struct cookie_pair {
std::string name, value;
};
struct cookie {
cookie_pair pair;
cookie_av attributes;
};
Cookie解析是图书馆资料。这看似微不足道。但是你必须处理过多的（遗留的）RFC以及更多的实现怪癖。
Cookies不是一件容易的事。