我有一个包含sql查询的python脚本。我在sql查询周围使用三引号来进行格式化。我想将从命令行填充的变量注入到查询中。如何在保留三重引号的同时执行此操作。是否有更好的方法来绕过三重报价?
例如:
AGE = raw_input("Enter your age: ")
vdf = vertica.select_dataframe("""
Select
col1
col2
coln
FROM
TableX
WHERE
col2 IN (21, 22, AGE)
Group BY 1
""")
答案 0 :(得分:4)
您可以像这样使用format:
AGE = raw_input("Enter your age: ")
query_1 = """
Select
col1
col2
coln
FROM
TableX
WHERE
col2 IN (21, 22, {})
Group BY 1
"""
vdf = vertica.select_dataframe(query_1.format(AGE))
使用三引号和多个赋值的简单示例是:
>>> age = 100
>>> name = "koukouviou"
>>> """I am {} and I am {} years old""".format(name, age)
'I am koukouviou and I am 100 years old'
答案 1 :(得分:2)
您可以将查询字符串分开并使用格式来设置正确的年龄,例如:
a_query = """
Select
col1
col2
coln
FROM
TableX
WHERE
col2 IN (21, 22, {})
Group BY 1
"""
vdf = vertica.select_dataframe(a_query.format(AGE))
答案 2 :(得分:0)
我很惊讶,没有提到神话般的%
运算符,以字符串格式构建的pythons将使您的原始行工作进行微小的修改:
AGE = raw_input("Enter your age: ")
vdf = vertica.select_dataframe("""
Select
col1,
col2,
coln
FROM
TableX
WHERE
col2 IN (21, 22, %s)
Group BY 1
""" % AGE)
这也适用于具有多个参数的查询:
AGE = raw_input("Enter your age: ")
GENDER = raw_input("Enter your gender (m/f): ")
HEIGHT = raw_input("Enter your height in cm: ")
vdf = vertica.select_dataframe("""
INSERT INTO stats (
age,
gender,
height
)
VALUES
(
'%s',
'%s',
'%s'
)
""" % ( AGE, GENDER, HEIGHT ))
答案 3 :(得分:0)
我将通过dict
解包再添加一个答案,因为它让我的生活变得更加简单。使用@ hexerei-software的INSERT
示例:
AGE = raw_input("Enter your age: ")
GENDER = raw_input("Enter your gender (m/f): ")
HEIGHT = raw_input("Enter your height in cm: ")
settings = {'AGE': AGE, 'GENDER': GENDER, 'HEIGHT': HEIGHT}
vdf = vertica.select_dataframe("""
INSERT INTO stats (
age,
gender,
height
)
VALUES
(
'{AGE}',
'{GENDER}',
'{HEIGHT}'
)
""".format(**settings))