Method参数如何与具有不同实现函数名称的功能接口兼容?

时间:2015-03-29 22:01:17

标签: java methods interface reference functional-programming

这里,对静态方法isPrime()的引用作为第一个参数传递给numTest()。 这是因为isPrime与IntPredicate功能接口兼容。从而, 表达式MyIntPredicates :: isPrime求值为对象的引用 isPrime()在IntPredicate中提供了test()的实现。

isPrime()如何/可以使用test()以外的其他引用/名称提供test()的实现。我想这是在Java 8中执行它的重点灵活性和可能性。有人可以解释这是否是新的?它是如何以这种方式工作的?

谢谢!

//Demonstrate a method reference for a static method.
//A functional interface for numeric predicates that operate
//on integer values.
interface IntPredicate {
    //the abstact to be implemented with something compatible
    boolean test(int n);
}

// This class defines three static methods that check an integer
// against some condition.
class MyIntPredicates {

    // A static method that returns true if a number is prime.
    static boolean isPrime(int n) {
        if (n < 2)
            return false;
        for (int i = 2; i <= n / i; i++) {
            if ((n % i) == 0)
                return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    // A static method that returns true if a number is even.
    static boolean isEven(int n) {
        return (n % 2) == 0;
    }

    // A static method that returns true if a number is positive.
    static boolean isPositive(int n) {
        return n > 0;
    }
}

public class MethodRefDemo {
    // This method has a functional interface as the type of its
    // first parameter. Thus, it can be passed a reference to any
    // instance of that interface, including one created by a
    // method reference.
    static boolean numTest(IntPredicate p, int v) {
        return p.test(v);
    }


    public static void main(String args[]) {
        boolean result;
        // Here, a method reference to isPrime is passed to numTest().
        result = numTest(MyIntPredicates::isPrime, 17);
        if (result)
            System.out.println("17 is prime.");
        // Next, a method reference to isEven is used.
        result = numTest(MyIntPredicates::isEven, 12);
        if (result)
            System.out.println("12 is even.");
        // Now, a method reference to isPositive is passed.
        result = numTest(MyIntPredicates::isPositive, 11);
        if (result)
            System.out.println("11 is positive.");
    }
}

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

这是lambda在工作中的一个例子。它是java 8中的新功能,它基本上允许运行时使用您定义的实现为您创建功能接口的实例。

Brian Goetz写了一篇关于lambdas(和方法引用)如何在编译和运行时工作的doc