我试图创建程序,其中Action类是一个类的内部类,但是它的对象的初始化发生在另一个类中,但是我总是得到一个异常。下面我介绍我的问题的简化模型:
有一个类构建GUI并包含Action的内部类:
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.InputEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
public class SomeClass {
JTextArea area;
public static void main(String[] args){
SomeClass outerAction = new SomeClass();
outerAction.go();
}
public void go(){
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
area = new JTextArea(5,10);
JToolBar toolBar = new JToolBar(SwingConstants.HORIZONTAL);
CreateAction createAction = new CreateAction();
JButton button1 = new JButton(innerGetAction());
JButton button2 = new JButton(createAction.otherGetAction());
toolBar.add(button1);
toolBar.add(button2);
frame.getContentPane().add(BorderLayout.PAGE_START,toolBar);
frame.getContentPane().add(BorderLayout.CENTER,area);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
}
public Action innerGetAction(){
Action action = new SomeAction("DO","Do sth",KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_N, InputEvent.CTRL_MASK));
return action;
}
public class SomeAction extends AbstractAction{
public SomeAction(String name, String desc, KeyStroke key){
super(name);
putValue(SHORT_DESCRIPTION,desc);
putValue(ACCELERATOR_KEY,key);
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
area.setText("Done");
}
}
}
有两个JButton具有相同的Action,但是初始化首先出现在SomeClass中,另一个出现在单独的CreateActionClass中:
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.InputEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
public class CreateAction {
public static Action otherGetAction(){
Action action = new SomeClass().new SomeAction("DO","Do sth",KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_N, InputEvent.CTRL_MASK));
return action;
}
}
一个按钮工作正常,另一个按钮异常。我不明白为什么。
你可以告诉我:原谅我可怜的榜样。
堆栈跟踪:
线程“AWT-EventQueue-0”中的异常java.lang.NullPointerException 在SomeClass $ SomeAction.actionPerformed(SomeClass.java:40) 在javax.swing.AbstractButton.fireActionPerformed(AbstractButton.java:2022) 在javax.swing.AbstractButton $ Handler.actionPerformed(AbstractButton.java:2346) 在javax.swing.DefaultButtonModel.fireActionPerformed(DefaultButtonModel.java:402) 在javax.swing.DefaultButtonModel.setPressed(DefaultButtonModel.java:259) 在javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicButtonListener.mouseReleased(BasicButtonListener.java:252) 在java.awt.AWTEventMulticaster.mouseReleased(AWTEventMulticaster.java:289) at java.awt.Component.processMouseEvent(Component.java:6525) 在javax.swing.JComponent.processMouseEvent(JComponent.java:3321) at java.awt.Component.processEvent(Component.java:6290) at java.awt.Container.processEvent(Container.java:2234) at java.awt.Component.dispatchEventImpl(Component.java:4881) at java.awt.Container.dispatchEventImpl(Container.java:2292) at java.awt.Component.dispatchEvent(Component.java:4703) at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.retargetMouseEvent(Container.java:4898) at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.processMouseEvent(Container.java:4533) at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.dispatchEvent(Container.java:4462) at java.awt.Container.dispatchEventImpl(Container.java:2278) at java.awt.Window.dispatchEventImpl(Window.java:2739) at java.awt.Component.dispatchEvent(Component.java:4703) at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEventImpl(EventQueue.java:746) at java.awt.EventQueue.access $ 400(EventQueue.java:97) at java.awt.EventQueue $ 3.run(EventQueue.java:697) at java.awt.EventQueue $ 3.run(EventQueue.java:691) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.security.ProtectionDomain $ 1.doIntersectionPrivilege(ProtectionDomain.java:75) at java.security.ProtectionDomain $ 1.doIntersectionPrivilege(ProtectionDomain.java:86) at java.awt.EventQueue $ 4.run(EventQueue.java:719) at java.awt.EventQueue $ 4.run(EventQueue.java:717) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.security.ProtectionDomain $ 1.doIntersectionPrivilege(ProtectionDomain.java:75) 在java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEvent(EventQueue.java:716) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpOneEventForFilters(EventDispatchThread.java:201) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForFilter(EventDispatchThread.java:116) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForHierarchy(EventDispatchThread.java:105) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(EventDispatchThread.java:101) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(EventDispatchThread.java:93) 在java.awt.EventDispatchThread.run(EventDispatchThread.java:82)
答案 0 :(得分:4)
您正在获取NullPointerException,因为您正在使用错误的SomeClass在此处创建操作:
Action action = new SomeClass().new SomeAction("DO", "Do sth",
KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_N, InputEvent.CTRL_MASK));
此new SomeClass()
不是显示的SomeClass!
相反,请考虑传入可视化对象。
public static Action otherGetAction(SomeClass someClass) {
return someClass.new SomeAction("DO", "Do sth",
KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_N, InputEvent.CTRL_MASK));
}
如果您要将GUI设置在GUI之外,请考虑将Action分离出GUI。例如:
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import javax.swing.*;
public class Test2 extends JPanel implements Fooable {
private JTextField field = new JTextField(10);
private JTextArea textarea = new JTextArea(20, 30);
private JButton button = new JButton();
public Test2() {
textarea.setFocusable(false);
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textarea);
scrollPane.setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(JScrollPane.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS);
add(field);
add(scrollPane);
add(button);
}
public void setActions(Action action) {
button.setAction(action);
field.setAction(action);
}
@Override
public String getFieldText() {
field.selectAll();
return field.getText();
}
@Override
public void appendText(String text) {
textarea.append(text + "\n");
}
private static void createAndShowGui() {
Test2 mainPanel = new Test2();
Action myAction = new MyAction("Press Me", KeyEvent.VK_P, mainPanel);
mainPanel.setActions(myAction);
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Test2");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
frame.getContentPane().add(mainPanel);
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
createAndShowGui();
}
});
}
}
interface Fooable {
String getFieldText();
void appendText(String text);
}
class MyAction extends AbstractAction {
private Fooable fooable;
public MyAction(String name, int mnemonic, Fooable fooable) {
super(name);
putValue(MNEMONIC_KEY, mnemonic);
this.fooable = fooable;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if (fooable != null) {
fooable.appendText(fooable.getFieldText());
}
}
}