如何设置raw_input的时间限制

时间:2010-05-29 01:30:05

标签: python python-2.7 timeout raw-input

在python中,有没有办法在等待用户输入时计算时间,以便在30秒之后自动跳过raw_input()函数?

7 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:28)

@ jer推荐的解决方案基于的signal.alarm函数很遗憾,仅限于Unix。如果您需要跨平台或Windows特定的解决方案,则可以将其基于threading.Timer,而使用thread.interrupt_main从定时器线程向主线程发送KeyboardInterrupt。即:

import thread
import threading

def raw_input_with_timeout(prompt, timeout=30.0):
    print prompt,    
    timer = threading.Timer(timeout, thread.interrupt_main)
    astring = None
    try:
        timer.start()
        astring = raw_input(prompt)
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        pass
    timer.cancel()
    return astring

这将返回无,无论是30秒超时还是用户明确决定点击control-C放弃输入任何东西,但似乎可以用同样的方式处理这两种情况(如果你需要区分,您可以在计时器中使用自己的函数,在中断主线程之前,记录发生超时发生的事实,并在KeyboardInterrupt处理程序中访问“某处” “区分两个案件中的哪一个发生了。”

修改:我本可以发誓这是有效的,但我一定是错的 - 上面的代码省略了明显需要的timer.start()有了它,我不能再让它工作了。 select.select是显而易见的其他尝试,但它不适用于Windows中的“普通文件”(包括stdin) - 在Unix中,它适用于Windows中的所有文件,仅适用于套接字。

所以我不知道如何做一个跨平台的“带超时的原始输入”。可以使用紧密循环轮询msvcrt.kbhit构造特定于Windows的循环,执行msvcrt.getche(并检查它是否为返回以指示输出已完成,在这种情况下,它会突破循环,否则累积并保持等待,并在需要时检查超时时间。我无法测试,因为我没有Windows机器(它们都是Mac和Linux机器),但在这里未经测试的代码我建议:

import msvcrt
import time

def raw_input_with_timeout(prompt, timeout=30.0):
    print prompt,    
    finishat = time.time() + timeout
    result = []
    while True:
        if msvcrt.kbhit():
            result.append(msvcrt.getche())
            if result[-1] == '\r':   # or \n, whatever Win returns;-)
                return ''.join(result)
            time.sleep(0.1)          # just to yield to other processes/threads
        else:
            if time.time() > finishat:
                return None

评论中的OP表示他暂时不想return None,但是替代方案是什么?提出异常?返回不同的默认值?无论他想要什么样的替代方案,他都可以清楚地代替我的return None; - )。

如果你不想仅仅因为用户正在慢慢地输入 (相反,根本不打字! - )而超时,你可以在每次成功输入字符后重新计算。< / p>

答案 1 :(得分:13)

我找到了解决此问题的方法in a blog post。以下是该博客文章的代码:

import signal

class AlarmException(Exception):
    pass

def alarmHandler(signum, frame):
    raise AlarmException

def nonBlockingRawInput(prompt='', timeout=20):
    signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, alarmHandler)
    signal.alarm(timeout)
    try:
        text = raw_input(prompt)
        signal.alarm(0)
        return text
    except AlarmException:
        print '\nPrompt timeout. Continuing...'
    signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, signal.SIG_IGN)
    return ''

请注意:此代码仅适用于* nix操作系统

答案 2 :(得分:4)

from threading import Timer


def input_with_timeout(x):    

def time_up():
    answer= None
    print 'time up...'

t = Timer(x,time_up) # x is amount of time in seconds
t.start()
try:
    answer = input("enter answer : ")
except Exception:
    print 'pass\n'
    answer = None

if answer != True:   # it means if variable have somthing 
    t.cancel()       # time_up will not execute(so, no skip)

input_with_timeout(5) # try this for five seconds

因为它是自定义的...在命令行提示符下运行它,我希望你能得到答案 阅读此python doc,您将清楚地了解此代码中发生的事情!!

答案 3 :(得分:3)

input()函数用于等待用户输入内容(至少是[Enter]键)。

如果你没有设置使用input(),下面是一个使用tkinter的轻量级解决方案。在tkinter中,对话框(和任何小部件)可以在给定时间后销毁。

以下是一个例子:

import tkinter as tk

def W_Input (label='Input dialog box', timeout=5000):
    w = tk.Tk()
    w.title(label)
    W_Input.data=''
    wFrame = tk.Frame(w, background="light yellow", padx=20, pady=20)
    wFrame.pack()
    wEntryBox = tk.Entry(wFrame, background="white", width=100)
    wEntryBox.focus_force()
    wEntryBox.pack()

    def fin():
        W_Input.data = str(wEntryBox.get())
        w.destroy()
    wSubmitButton = tk.Button(w, text='OK', command=fin, default='active')
    wSubmitButton.pack()

# --- optionnal extra code in order to have a stroke on "Return" equivalent to a mouse click on the OK button
    def fin_R(event):  fin()
    w.bind("<Return>", fin_R)
# --- END extra code --- 

    w.after(timeout, w.destroy) # This is the KEY INSTRUCTION that destroys the dialog box after the given timeout in millisecondsd
    w.mainloop()

W_Input() # can be called with 2 parameter, the window title (string), and the timeout duration in miliseconds

if W_Input.data : print('\nYou entered this : ', W_Input.data, end=2*'\n')

else : print('\nNothing was entered \n')

答案 4 :(得分:0)

在linux下,可以使用curses和getch函数,它的非阻塞。 见getch()

https://docs.python.org/2/library/curses.html

等待键盘输入x秒的功能(你必须先初始化一个curses窗口(win1)!

import time

def tastaturabfrage():

    inittime = int(time.time()) # time now
    waitingtime = 2.00          # time to wait in seconds

    while inittime+waitingtime>int(time.time()):

        key = win1.getch()      #check if keyboard entry or screen resize

        if key == curses.KEY_RESIZE:
            empty()
            resize()
            key=0
        if key == 118:
            p(4,'KEY V Pressed')
            yourfunction();
        if key == 107:
            p(4,'KEY K Pressed')
            yourfunction();
        if key == 99:
            p(4,'KEY c Pressed')
            yourfunction();
        if key == 120:
            p(4,'KEY x Pressed')
            yourfunction();

        else:
            yourfunction

        key=0

答案 5 :(得分:0)

用于定时数学测试的curses示例

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import curses
import curses.ascii
import time

#stdscr = curses.initscr() - Using curses.wrapper instead
def main(stdscr):
    hd = 100 #Timeout in tenths of a second
    answer = ''

    stdscr.addstr('5+3=') #Your prompt text

    s = time.time() #Timing function to show that solution is working properly

    while True:
        #curses.echo(False)
        curses.halfdelay(hd)
        start = time.time()
        c = stdscr.getch()
        if c == curses.ascii.NL: #Enter Press
            break
        elif c == -1: #Return on timer complete
            break
        elif c == curses.ascii.DEL: #Backspace key for corrections. Could add additional hooks for cursor movement
            answer = answer[:-1]
            y, x = curses.getsyx()
            stdscr.delch(y, x-1)
        elif curses.ascii.isdigit(c): #Filter because I only wanted digits accepted
            answer += chr(c)
            stdscr.addstr(chr(c))
        hd -= int((time.time() - start) * 10) #Sets the new time on getch based on the time already used

    stdscr.addstr('\n')

    stdscr.addstr('Elapsed Time: %i\n'%(time.time() - s))
    stdscr.addstr('This is the answer: %s\n'%answer)
    #stdscr.refresh() ##implied with the call to getch
    stdscr.addstr('Press any key to exit...')
curses.wrapper(main)

答案 6 :(得分:0)

这是针对较新的 python 版本,但我相信它仍然会回答这个问题。它的作用是向用户创建一条消息,表明时间已到,然后结束代码。我确信有一种方法可以让它跳过输入而不是完全结束代码,但无论哪种方式,这至少应该有帮助......

    import sys
    import time
    from threading import Thread
    import pyautogui as pag
    #imports the needed modules
    
    xyz = 1 #for a reference call

    choice1 = None #sets the starting status

    def check():
        time.sleep(15)#the time limit set on the message
        global xyz
        if choice1 != None:#if choice1 has input in it, than the time will not expire
            return
        if xyz == 1:#if no input has been made within the time limit, then this message will display
            pag.confirm(text = 'Time is up!', title = 'Time is up!!!!!!!!!')
            sys.exit()


    Thread(target = check).start()#starts the timer
    choice1 = input("Please Enter your choice: ")

我希望这有帮助:-)