我正在从Ruby 1.9.3 / Rails 3.2.14升级到Ruby 2.2.0 / Rails 4.2.1，一切都可以在我的开发系统上运行。当推送到Heroku时，我得到ArgumentError: Missing required arguments: aws_access_key_id, aws_secret_access_key但是设置了这些环境变量。
~/documents/coding$ heroku config -a vupgrade
=== vupgrade Config Vars
....
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ...XYZ...
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ...XYZ...
....
在分配我的登台系统后，推送的（更完整的）输出如下：
~/documents/coding$ git push upgrade upgrade:master
Fetching repository, done.
Counting objects: 9950, done.
Delta compression using up to 4 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (5166/5166), done.
Writing objects: 100% (9950/9950), 82.90 MiB | 748.00 KiB/s, done.
Total 9950 (delta 7130), reused 6420 (delta 4535)
-----> Fetching custom git buildpack... done
-----> Ruby app detected
-----> Compiling Ruby/Rails
-----> Using Ruby version: ruby-2.2.0
-----> Installing gsl
-----> Installing dependencies using 1.5.2
Running: bundle install --without development:test --path vendor/bundle --binstubs vendor/bundle/bin -j4 --deployment
Fetching source index from https://rubygems.org/
Fetching https://ccd14907bc3e94a7f9e2366ad113d7c89b88eeb2:x-oauth-basic@github.com/rvizza/rb-gsl.git
Fetching git://github.com/bearded-nemesis/heroku-rglpk.git
Fetching https://ccd14907bc3e94a7f9e2366ad113d7c89b88eeb2:x-oauth-basic@github.com/rvizza/joule.git
Fetching https://ccd14907bc3e94a7f9e2366ad113d7c89b88eeb2:x-oauth-basic@github.com/rvizza/ride_parser.git
Fetching https://ccd14907bc3e94a7f9e2366ad113d7c89b88eeb2:x-oauth-basic@github.com/rvizza/top_efforts.git
Fetching https://ccd14907bc3e94a7f9e2366ad113d7c89b88eeb2:x-oauth-basic@github.com/rvizza/RubyPeaks.git
Using rake (10.4.2)
Installing CFPropertyList (2.3.0)
Installing i18n (0.7.0)
Installing thread_safe (0.3.5)
Installing minitest (5.5.1)
Installing builder (3.2.2)
Installing mini_portile (0.6.2)
Installing mime-types (1.25.1)
Installing erubis (2.7.0)
Installing arel (6.0.0)
Installing encryptor (1.3.0)
Installing rack (1.6.0)
Installing execjs (2.3.0)
Installing cancancan (1.10.1)
Installing sass (3.4.13)
Installing coffee-script-source (1.9.1)
Installing thor (0.19.1)
Installing daemons (1.1.9)
Installing orm_adapter (0.5.0)
Installing excon (0.44.4)
Installing fastercsv (1.5.5)
Installing formatador (0.2.5)
Installing net-ssh (2.9.2)
Installing multi_json (1.11.0)
Installing bcrypt (3.1.10)
Installing inflecto (0.0.2)
Installing ipaddress (0.8.0)
Installing json (1.8.2)
Installing hike (1.2.3)
Installing multi_xml (0.5.5)
Installing systemu (2.6.4)
Installing netrc (0.10.3)
Installing narray (0.6.1.1)
Installing nori (2.4.0)
Using heroku-rglpk (0.2.1) from git://github.com/bearded-nemesis/heroku-rglpk.git (at master)
Using bundler (1.5.2)
Installing newrelic_rpm (3.10.0.279)
Installing rails_serve_static_assets (0.0.4)
Installing rails_stdout_logging (0.0.3)
Installing tilt (1.4.1)
Installing rolify (4.0.0)
Installing eventmachine (1.0.5)
Installing session (3.2.0)
Using ride_parser (0.0.2) from https://ccd14907bc3e94a7f9e2366ad113d7c89b88eeb2:x-oauth-basic@github.com/rvizza/ride_parser.git (at master)
Using trainingpeaks (0.0.0) from https://ccd14907bc3e94a7f9e2366ad113d7c89b88eeb2:x-oauth-basic@github.com/rvizza/RubyPeaks.git (at master)
Using top_efforts (0.0.2) from https://ccd14907bc3e94a7f9e2366ad113d7c89b88eeb2:x-oauth-basic@github.com/rvizza/top_efforts.git (at master)
Installing unf_ext (0.0.6)
Installing switch_user (0.9.5)
Installing will_paginate (3.0.7)
Installing gyoku (1.2.2)
Installing fission (0.5.0)
Installing mail (2.6.3)
Installing attr_encrypted (1.3.3)
Installing pg (0.18.1)
Installing rack-test (0.6.3)
Installing httpi (2.3.0)
Installing coffee-script (2.3.0)
Installing figaro (1.1.0)
Installing warden (1.2.3)
Installing net-scp (1.2.1)
Installing heroku-api (0.3.18)
Installing tzinfo (1.2.2)
Installing autoprefixer-rails (5.1.7)
Installing macaddr (1.7.1)
Installing fog-json (1.0.0)
Installing rest-client (1.7.3)
Installing rails_12factor (0.0.3)
Installing sprockets (2.12.3)
Installing thin (1.5.1)
Installing rush (0.6.8)
Installing unf (0.1.4)
Installing will_paginate-bootstrap (1.0.1)
Installing fog-core (1.29.0)
Installing activesupport (4.2.1)
Installing tzinfo-data (1.2015.1)
Installing bootstrap-sass (3.3.3)
Installing uuid (2.3.7)
Installing stripe (1.20.1)
Installing fog-brightbox (0.7.1)
Installing fog-sakuracloud (1.0.0)
Installing fog-serverlove (0.1.1)
Installing fog-softlayer (0.4.1)
Installing fog-storm_on_demand (0.1.0)
Installing nokogiri (1.6.6.2)
Installing fog-vmfusion (0.0.1)
Installing rails-deprecated_sanitizer (1.0.3)
Installing globalid (0.3.3)
Installing activemodel (4.2.1)
Installing delayed_job (4.0.6)
Installing stripe_event (1.5.0)
Installing loofah (2.0.1)
Installing akami (1.2.2)
Installing fog-xml (0.1.1)
Using joule (1.0.4) from https://ccd14907bc3e94a7f9e2366ad113d7c89b88eeb2:x-oauth-basic@github.com/rvizza/joule.git (at master)
Installing httparty (0.13.3)
Installing rails-dom-testing (1.0.6)
Installing wasabi (3.3.0)
Installing carrierwave (0.10.0)
Installing activerecord (4.2.1)
Installing rails-html-sanitizer (1.0.2)
Installing fog-atmos (0.1.0)
Installing fog-ecloud (0.0.2)
Installing fog-profitbricks (0.0.1)
Installing fog-radosgw (0.0.3)
Installing fog-aws (0.1.1)
Installing fog-riakcs (0.1.0)
Installing fog-terremark (0.0.4)
Installing fog-voxel (0.0.2)
Installing savon (2.8.1)
Installing delayed_job_active_record (4.0.3)
Installing actionview (4.2.1)
Installing strava-api-v3 (0.1.0)
Installing actionpack (4.2.1)
Installing railties (4.2.1)
Installing sprockets-rails (2.2.4)
Installing simple_form (3.1.0.rc2)
Installing coffee-rails (4.1.0)
Installing responders (2.1.0)
Installing jquery-fileupload-rails (0.4.4)
Installing fog (1.28.0)
Installing jquery-rails (4.0.3)
Installing devise (3.4.1)
Using gsl (1.14.7) from https://ccd14907bc3e94a7f9e2366ad113d7c89b88eeb2:x-oauth-basic@github.com/rvizza/rb-gsl.git (at master)
Installing activejob (4.2.1)
Installing actionmailer (4.2.1)
Installing rails (4.2.1)
Installing workless (1.2.3)
Installing spinjs-rails (1.4)
Your bundle is complete!
Gems in the groups development and test were not installed.
It was installed into ./vendor/bundle
Post-install message from httparty:
When you HTTParty, you must party hard!
Bundle completed (465.41s)
Cleaning up the bundler cache.
Removing (extensions)
-----> Writing config/database.yml to read from DATABASE_URL
-----> Preparing app for Rails asset pipeline
Running: rake assets:precompile
rake aborted!
ArgumentError: Missing required arguments: aws_access_key_id, aws_secret_access_key
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/fog-core-1.29.0/lib/fog/core/service.rb:244:in `validate_options'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/fog-core-1.29.0/lib/fog/core/service.rb:268:in `handle_settings'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/fog-core-1.29.0/lib/fog/core/service.rb:98:in `new'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/fog-core-1.29.0/lib/fog/storage.rb:25:in `new'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/carrierwave-0.10.0/lib/carrierwave/uploader/configuration.rb:83:in `eager_load_fog'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/carrierwave-0.10.0/lib/carrierwave/uploader/configuration.rb:96:in `fog_credentials='
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/config/initializers/carrierwave.rb:2:in `block in <top (required)>'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/carrierwave-0.10.0/lib/carrierwave/uploader/configuration.rb:118:in `configure'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/carrierwave-0.10.0/lib/carrierwave.rb:14:in `configure'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/config/initializers/carrierwave.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:in `load'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:in `block in load'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:in `load'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:652:in `block in load_config_initializer'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.1/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:166:in `instrument'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:651:in `load_config_initializer'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:616:in `block (2 levels) in <class:Engine>'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:615:in `each'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:615:in `block in <class:Engine>'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:55:in `block in run_initializers'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:44:in `each'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:44:in `tsort_each_child'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `run_initializers'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.1/lib/rails/application.rb:352:in `initialize!'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.1/lib/rails/railtie.rb:194:in `public_send'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.1/lib/rails/railtie.rb:194:in `method_missing'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/config/environment.rb:5:in `<top (required)>'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.1/lib/rails/application.rb:328:in `require_environment!'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.1/lib/rails/application.rb:457:in `block in run_tasks_blocks'
/tmp/build_b9f857cd429cef497f20b494b19ece85/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/sprockets-rails-2.2.4/lib/sprockets/rails/task.rb:64:in `block (2 levels) in define'
Tasks: TOP => environment
(See full trace by running task with --trace)
!
! Precompiling assets failed.
!
! Push rejected, failed to compile Ruby app
To git@heroku.com:vupgrade.git
! [remote rejected] upgrade -> master (pre-receive hook declined)
error: failed to push some refs to 'git@heroku.com:vupgrade.git'
知道雾为什么没有看到环境变量？
更新
忘记提及我的config/initializers/carrierwave.rb文件如下：
CarrierWave.configure do |config|
config.fog_credentials = {
:provider => 'AWS',
:aws_access_key_id => ENV['AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID'],
:aws_secret_access_key => ENV['AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY'],
:region => ENV['AWS_REGION']
}
if Rails.env.production? || Rails.env.staging?
config.storage = :fog
else
config.storage = :file
config.enable_processing = false
config.root = "#{Rails.root}/tmp"
end
config.cache_dir = "#{Rails.root}/tmp/uploads"
config.fog_directory = ENV['AWS_BUCKET_NAME']
end
谢谢， 罗伯特
答案 0 :(得分：1)
首先，请注意我使用的是自定义buildpack，这可能是导致其中一些问题的原因。当我第一次遇到上述问题时，我并不认为这是相关的，但是我研究的越多，我认为它就越相关......主要是因为我无法想象其他人已经过了同样的问题kludgy修正我在下面概述。以此作为警告，回答......
从Rails 4中删除config.assets.initialize_on_precompile = false后，所有初始化程序显然都在预编译期间运行。如果它们包含ENV引用，那么您就会遇到问题，因为在Heroku资产预编译期间不存在这些ENV值。此外，在预编译期间，Devise将尝试连接到数据库，该数据库也不可用。
我选择通过有条件地运行包含ENV引用的初始值设定项来解决这些问题，如下所示：
unless ENV['AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID'].blank?
CarrierWave.configure do |config|
config.fog_credentials = {
....
}
end
end
虽然对这个想法不是很疯狂，但我还决定在本地预编译我的资产并将它们提交给源代码控制。这似乎阻止了Heroku在服务器上预编译资产，从而解决了这个问题。
感谢@geemus和@joao的帮助。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
由于你正在使用CarrierWaveUpload gem，你应该在初始化程序中使用它。
示例：/config/initializers/carrierwave.rb
CarrierWave.configure do |config|
config.fog_credentials = {
provider: 'AWS', # required
aws_access_key_id: ENV['AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID'],
aws_secret_access_key: ENV['AWS_SECRET_KEY_ID']
#Other options ommited
}
您可以在此处查看所需的所有参数：
https://github.com/carrierwaveuploader/carrierwave#using-amazon-s3
答案 2 :(得分：0)
您可以按照以下说明在Heroku中设置环境变量：
https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/config-vars#using-the-heroku-dashboard
这些将在Rails代码中以ENV['my_environment_variable_name']的形式访问，其中my_environment_variable_name是您在Heroku信息中心中输入的环境变量的名称。
答案 3 :(得分：0)
在 Ubuntu 20.04 中的 Rails 6 应用程序上工作时，我遇到了同样的问题。
当我尝试将图像上传到DigitalOcean Spaces（与AWS S3存储桶相同）时，出现错误：
ArgumentError：缺少必需的参数：aws_access_key_id，aws_secret_access_key
这是我修复的方式：
我的环境变量已在.env文件中正确设置。
问题是我还有另一个.env文件.env.template，该文件的aws_access_key_id和aws_secret_access_key值不正确。
我要做的就是删除文件。这次，Rails应用程序能够从.env文件中选择环境变量的值。
仅此而已。
我希望这会有所帮助