每当我尝试在Tomcat 8上部署JAX-WS Web服务时，都会收到以下错误：
4-Mar-2015 10:35:35.730 SEVERE [http-nio-8085-exec-5] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.WSServletContextListener
com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.WSServletException: WSSERVLET11: failed to parse runtime descriptor: java.lang.ClassCastException: org.apache.xerces.parsers.XML11Configuration cannot be cast to org.apache.xerces.xni.parser.XMLParserConfiguration
at com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.WSServletContextListener.contextInitialized(WSServletContextListener.java:139)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4760)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5184)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:724)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:700)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:714)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDescriptor(HostConfig.java:581)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:455)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.check(HostConfig.java:1496)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
即使出现错误，我也可以在20％的时间内部署Web服务，但大部分时间它都无法部署。
更新
正如评论中所建议的，我列出了WEB-INF \ lib的内容：
03/09/2015 08:53 AM 62,983 activation-1.1.jar
03/10/2015 04:43 PM 4,467 aopalliance-1.0.jar
03/16/2015 07:53 AM 63,966 avalon-framework-4.1.3.jar
03/16/2015 07:53 AM 21,007 commonj.sdo-2.1.1.jar
03/16/2015 07:50 AM 232,019 commons-beanutils-1.8.3.jar
03/16/2015 07:50 AM 284,184 commons-codec-1.10.jar
03/16/2015 07:48 AM 34,827 commons-csv-1.0.jar
03/16/2015 07:48 AM 160,519 commons-dbcp-1.4.jar
03/16/2015 07:48 AM 185,140 commons-io-2.4.jar
03/10/2015 04:43 PM 284,220 commons-lang-2.6.jar
03/16/2015 07:50 AM 412,739 commons-lang3-3.3.2.jar
03/16/2015 07:53 AM 52,915 commons-logging-1.1.jar
03/16/2015 07:48 AM 96,221 commons-pool-1.5.4.jar
03/16/2015 07:53 AM 8,613,667 eclipselink-2.5.1.jar
03/16/2015 07:50 AM 206,853 gson-2.3.jar
03/16/2015 07:48 AM 31,245 gt-epsg-extension-11.2.jar
03/16/2015 07:48 AM 1,960,275 gt-epsg-hsql-11.2.jar
03/16/2015 07:48 AM 505,719 gt-metadata-11.2.jar
03/16/2015 07:48 AM 345,672 gt-opengis-11.2.jar
03/16/2015 07:48 AM 1,143,704 gt-referencing-11.2.jar
03/16/2015 07:48 AM 1,395,415 hsqldb-2.2.8.jar
03/16/2015 07:48 AM 590,533 httpclient-4.3.5.jar
03/16/2015 07:48 AM 282,269 httpcore-4.3.2.jar
03/16/2015 07:50 AM 38,605 jackson-annotations-2.4.0.jar
03/16/2015 07:50 AM 225,316 jackson-core-2.4.2.jar
03/16/2015 07:50 AM 1,075,759 jackson-databind-2.4.2.jar
03/16/2015 07:48 AM 1,900,631 jai_core-1.1.3.jar
03/16/2015 07:53 AM 2,497 javax.inject-1.jar
03/16/2015 07:53 AM 162,126 javax.persistence-2.1.0.jar
03/24/2015 03:59 PM 102,528 jaxb-api-2.2.12-b141001.1542.jar
03/19/2015 03:32 PM 854,901 jaxb-impl-2.1.7.jar
03/16/2015 07:53 AM 144,283 jaxb2-basics-runtime-0.9.1.jar
03/09/2015 08:53 AM 33,428 jaxws-api-2.1.jar
03/19/2015 03:32 PM 1,284,131 jaxws-rt-2.1.4.jar
03/16/2015 07:50 AM 16,458 jcl-over-slf4j-1.7.1.jar
03/16/2015 07:48 AM 11,497 jgridshift-1.0.jar
03/16/2015 07:50 AM 586,201 joda-time-2.4.jar
03/16/2015 07:48 AM 54,203 json-smart-1.2.jar
03/16/2015 07:48 AM 91,347 jsr-275-1.0-beta-2.jar
03/16/2015 07:48 AM 710,293 jts-1.11.jar
03/19/2015 03:32 PM 121,658 junit-3.8.jar
03/16/2015 07:50 AM 489,884 log4j-1.2.17.jar
03/16/2015 07:53 AM 72,150 logkit-1.0.1.jar
03/09/2015 09:46 AM 388,864 mail-1.4.jar
03/19/2015 03:32 PM 38,665 mimepull-1.2.jar
03/25/2015 10:33 AM 429,408 mojo-MojoGlobal-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
03/20/2015 11:43 AM 75,239 MojoAlerts-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
03/25/2015 10:33 AM 757,460 MojoInterfaces-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
03/25/2015 10:33 AM 571,604 MojoSimulation-1.0.jar
03/24/2015 02:03 PM 3,389,454 ojdbc6-6.jar
03/16/2015 07:50 AM 2,097,954 PDFRenderer-0.9.0.jar
03/09/2015 08:53 AM 68,177 resolver-20050927.jar
03/09/2015 08:53 AM 18,817 saaj-api-1.3.jar
03/19/2015 03:32 PM 278,293 saaj-impl-1.3.1.jar
03/19/2015 03:32 PM 332,055 sjsxp-1.0.1.jar
03/16/2015 07:53 AM 26,065 slf4j-api-1.7.1.jar
03/16/2015 07:50 AM 8,867 slf4j-log4j12-1.7.9.jar
03/16/2015 07:50 AM 337,694 spring-aop-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar
03/16/2015 07:50 AM 612,569 spring-beans-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar
03/16/2015 07:50 AM 866,273 spring-context-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar
03/16/2015 07:48 AM 873,608 spring-core-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar
03/16/2015 07:50 AM 383,327 spring-data-commons-1.6.1.RELEASE.jar
03/16/2015 07:50 AM 196,367 spring-expression-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar
03/16/2015 07:52 AM 405,717 spring-jdbc-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar
03/16/2015 07:50 AM 374,411 spring-ldap-core-2.0.2.RELEASE.jar
03/16/2015 07:50 AM 366,941 spring-security-core-3.2.5.RELEASE.jar
03/16/2015 07:50 AM 242,436 spring-tx-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar
03/19/2015 03:32 PM 26,310 stax-api-1.0.jar
03/09/2015 08:53 AM 11,074 stax-ex-1.2.jar
03/19/2015 03:32 PM 57,984 streambuffer-0.7.jar
03/16/2015 07:48 AM 249,354 vecmath-1.3.2.jar
03/26/2015 08:53 AM 895,924 xercesImpl-2.4.0.jar
更新2
将xercesImpl版本从2.4.0更改为2.11.0（最新版本）似乎解决了ClassCastException，但它产生了以下错误：
INFO: Illegal access: this web application instance has been stopped already. Could not load META-INF/services/org.apache.xerces.xni.parser.XMLParserConfiguration. The eventual following stack trace is caused by an error thrown for debugging purposes as well as to attempt to terminate the thread which caused the illegal access, and has no functional impact.
Mar 26, 2015 11:47:43 AM com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.WSServletContextListener contextInitialized
SEVERE: WSSERVLET11: failed to parse runtime descriptor: java.lang.NullPointerException
java.lang.NullPointerException
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.getResourceAsStream(WebappClassLoader.java:1542)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.SecuritySupport$6.run(Unknown Source)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.SecuritySupport.getResourceAsStream(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.ObjectFactory.findJarServiceProvider(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.ObjectFactory.createObject(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.ObjectFactory.createObject(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.SAXParser.<init>(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.SAXParser.<init>(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.jaxp.SAXParserImpl$JAXPSAXParser.<init>(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.jaxp.SAXParserImpl.<init>(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.jaxp.SAXParserFactoryImpl.newSAXParser(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.resolver.readers.SAXCatalogReader.readCatalog(SAXCatalogReader.java:238)
at com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.resolver.Catalog.parseCatalog(Catalog.java:687)
at com.sun.xml.ws.util.xml.XmlUtil.createEntityResolver(XmlUtil.java:270)
at com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.DeploymentDescriptorParser.createEntityResolver(DeploymentDescriptorParser.java:402)
at com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.DeploymentDescriptorParser.parseAdapters(DeploymentDescriptorParser.java:253)
at com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.DeploymentDescriptorParser.parse(DeploymentDescriptorParser.java:147)
at com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.WSServletContextListener.contextInitialized(WSServletContextListener.java:108)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:5016)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5524)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:901)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:649)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDescriptor(HostConfig.java:672)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:547)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.check(HostConfig.java:1668)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:301)
at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:819)
at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:801)
at org.apache.catalina.manager.ManagerServlet.check(ManagerServlet.java:1516)
at org.apache.catalina.manager.ManagerServlet.deploy(ManagerServlet.java:912)
at org.apache.catalina.manager.ManagerServlet.doGet(ManagerServlet.java:371)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:620)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:727)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:303)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
at org.apache.catalina.filters.SetCharacterEncodingFilter.doFilter(SetCharacterEncodingFilter.java:108)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:220)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:122)
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:613)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:170)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:103)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:950)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:116)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:421)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1074)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:611)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:316)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
根据我的收集，Illegal access似乎仍然与xerces依赖关系
答案 0 :(得分：1)
我收到了两个与Xerces相关的错误，所以我发布了解决每个错误的方法：
通过更新到最新版本的xerces来解决ClassCastException错误：
<dependency>
<groupId>xerces</groupId>
<artifactId>xercesImpl</artifactId>
<version>2.11.0</version>
</dependency>
如评论中所述，请确保删除任何其他与Xerces相关的依赖项，并只留下上面的那个。
要解决Illegal Access问题，我发现this post有一个建议的解决方案，可以从xerces-Impl.jar
META-INF/service/javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory
META-INF/services/javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory
我意识到改变依赖是一种黑客攻击，如果本地maven仓库中的文件被删除并从Maven Central重新下载，它可能会适得其反，但这是我能找到的最佳解决方案。
答案 1 :(得分：1)
我遇到了同样的问题。我正在使用gradle来构建部署到tomcat的web应用程序。我通过“gradle dependencies”命令确定了正在使用的xerces的版本。然后我在build.gradle文件中指出将提供xerces。
providedCompile“xerces：xercesImpl：2.9.1”
问题似乎已得到解决。
我知道你可以使用提供的范围在maven中做同样的事情。
答案 2 :(得分：-2)
我解决了从lib文件夹中删除xerces-Impl.jar的问题