我想创造不同的形状。下图是一个例子。你会建议我如何使用不同的形状吗?
答案 0 :(得分:10)
当我试图自己绘制一个基于UIBezier的心脏时遇到这个,但是正在寻找一个看起来更像Instagram帖子上的那个。
我最后为它编写了我自己的扩展/类,所以我想我会在这里分享它,以防它对将来偶然发现它的任何人都有用。
(这完全在Swift 3中)
首先,这是UIBezier扩展名:
extension UIBezierPath {
convenience init(heartIn rect: CGRect) {
self.init()
//Calculate Radius of Arcs using Pythagoras
let sideOne = rect.width * 0.4
let sideTwo = rect.height * 0.3
let arcRadius = sqrt(sideOne*sideOne + sideTwo*sideTwo)/2
//Left Hand Curve
self.addArc(withCenter: CGPoint(x: rect.width * 0.3, y: rect.height * 0.35), radius: arcRadius, startAngle: 135.degreesToRadians, endAngle: 315.degreesToRadians, clockwise: true)
//Top Centre Dip
self.addLine(to: CGPoint(x: rect.width/2, y: rect.height * 0.2))
//Right Hand Curve
self.addArc(withCenter: CGPoint(x: rect.width * 0.7, y: rect.height * 0.35), radius: arcRadius, startAngle: 225.degreesToRadians, endAngle: 45.degreesToRadians, clockwise: true)
//Right Bottom Line
self.addLine(to: CGPoint(x: rect.width * 0.5, y: rect.height * 0.95))
//Left Bottom Line
self.close()
}
}
您还需要在项目中的某处添加此项,以便degreesToRadians扩展可以工作:
extension Int {
var degreesToRadians: CGFloat { return CGFloat(self) * .pi / 180 }
}
使用它就像初始化UIBezier一样简单,就像使用椭圆形一样:
let bezierPath = UIBezierPath(heartIn: self.bounds)
除此之外,我还上了一堂课,帮助您轻松显示并控制某些功能。它将在IB中完全渲染,覆盖填充颜色(使用色调颜色属性),无论是否要填充,笔触颜色和笔触宽度:
@IBDesignable class HeartButton:UIButton {
@IBInspectable var filled: Bool = true
@IBInspectable var strokeWidth: CGFloat = 2.0
@IBInspectable var strokeColor: UIColor?
override func draw(_ rect: CGRect) {
let bezierPath = UIBezierPath(heartIn: self.bounds)
if self.strokeColor != nil {
self.strokeColor!.setStroke()
} else {
self.tintColor.setStroke()
}
bezierPath.lineWidth = self.strokeWidth
bezierPath.stroke()
if self.filled {
self.tintColor.setFill()
bezierPath.fill()
}
}
}
这是一个UIButton类,但如果你不想让它成为一个按钮,那么改变它就会非常简单。
以下是它的实际情况:
只是中风:
答案 1 :(得分:6)
答案 2 :(得分:3)
您必须创建UIBezierPath。 请查看文档:{{3}}
和绘图指南中Apple的bezier部分: https://developer.apple.com/library/prerelease/ios/documentation/UIKit/Reference/UIBezierPath_class/index.html
您可以先用
绘制一个弧线+bezierPathWithArcCenter:
然后添加另一个弧。 现在使用
将线条绘制到底部峰值-addCurveToPoint:controlPoint1:controlPoint2:
使用控制点可以像在图像中一样弯曲线条。 该方法的UIBezierPath文档有一个描述用法的示例图像。
最后将另一行添加回起点并关闭路径。
链接的文档还会向您展示如何绘制路径,例如在drawRect中。 另一种选择是使用CAShapeLayer直接显示路径。
另一种解决方案是使用像PaintCode这样的软件, 它允许直观地绘制图像并生成代码而不是自己编写代码。
答案 3 :(得分:3)
因此,正如您所看到的,有2个简单的数学函数。你只需要在drawRect中绘制它: 或者,您可以轻松使用CorePlot framework。 Useful example.
答案 4 :(得分:3)
对于其他侵入者,这里是UIBezierPath的一个扩展,以吸引人们的心。
从此组件中提取 https://github.com/ipraba/EPShapes
public extension UIBezierPath {
func getHearts(originalRect: CGRect, scale: Double) -> UIBezierPath {
//Scaling will take bounds from the originalRect passed
let scaledWidth = (originalRect.size.width * CGFloat(scale))
let scaledXValue = ((originalRect.size.width) - scaledWidth) / 2
let scaledHeight = (originalRect.size.height * CGFloat(scale))
let scaledYValue = ((originalRect.size.height) - scaledHeight) / 2
let scaledRect = CGRect(x: scaledXValue, y: scaledYValue, width: scaledWidth, height: scaledHeight)
self.moveToPoint(CGPointMake(originalRect.size.width/2, scaledRect.origin.y + scaledRect.size.height))
self.addCurveToPoint(CGPointMake(scaledRect.origin.x, scaledRect.origin.y + (scaledRect.size.height/4)),
controlPoint1:CGPointMake(scaledRect.origin.x + (scaledRect.size.width/2), scaledRect.origin.y + (scaledRect.size.height*3/4)) ,
controlPoint2: CGPointMake(scaledRect.origin.x, scaledRect.origin.y + (scaledRect.size.height/2)) )
self.addArcWithCenter(CGPointMake( scaledRect.origin.x + (scaledRect.size.width/4),scaledRect.origin.y + (scaledRect.size.height/4)),
radius: (scaledRect.size.width/4),
startAngle: CGFloat(M_PI),
endAngle: 0,
clockwise: true)
self.addArcWithCenter(CGPointMake( scaledRect.origin.x + (scaledRect.size.width * 3/4),scaledRect.origin.y + (scaledRect.size.height/4)),
radius: (scaledRect.size.width/4),
startAngle: CGFloat(M_PI),
endAngle: 0,
clockwise: true)
self.addCurveToPoint(CGPointMake(originalRect.size.width/2, scaledRect.origin.y + scaledRect.size.height),
controlPoint1: CGPointMake(scaledRect.origin.x + scaledRect.size.width, scaledRect.origin.y + (scaledRect.size.height/2)),
controlPoint2: CGPointMake(scaledRect.origin.x + (scaledRect.size.width/2), scaledRect.origin.y + (scaledRect.size.height*3/4)) )
self.closePath()
return self
}
}
绘制心脏,缩放比例为0.7(原始矩形的70%)
答案 5 :(得分:1)
https://github.com/ipraba/EPShapes中的Swift 4版本
func getHearts(_ originalRect: CGRect, scale: Double) -> UIBezierPath {
let scaledWidth = (originalRect.size.width * CGFloat(scale))
let scaledXValue = ((originalRect.size.width) - scaledWidth) / 2
let scaledHeight = (originalRect.size.height * CGFloat(scale))
let scaledYValue = ((originalRect.size.height) - scaledHeight) / 2
let scaledRect = CGRect(x: scaledXValue, y: scaledYValue, width: scaledWidth, height: scaledHeight)
self.move(to: CGPoint(x: originalRect.size.width/2, y: scaledRect.origin.y + scaledRect.size.height))
self.addCurve(to: CGPoint(x: scaledRect.origin.x, y: scaledRect.origin.y + (scaledRect.size.height/4)),
controlPoint1:CGPoint(x: scaledRect.origin.x + (scaledRect.size.width/2), y: scaledRect.origin.y + (scaledRect.size.height*3/4)) ,
controlPoint2: CGPoint(x: scaledRect.origin.x, y: scaledRect.origin.y + (scaledRect.size.height/2)) )
self.addArc(withCenter: CGPoint( x: scaledRect.origin.x + (scaledRect.size.width/4),y: scaledRect.origin.y + (scaledRect.size.height/4)),
radius: (scaledRect.size.width/4),
startAngle: CGFloat(Double.pi),
endAngle: 0,
clockwise: true)
self.addArc(withCenter: CGPoint( x: scaledRect.origin.x + (scaledRect.size.width * 3/4),y: scaledRect.origin.y + (scaledRect.size.height/4)),
radius: (scaledRect.size.width/4),
startAngle: CGFloat(Double.pi),
endAngle: 0,
clockwise: true)
self.addCurve(to: CGPoint(x: originalRect.size.width/2, y: scaledRect.origin.y + scaledRect.size.height),
controlPoint1: CGPoint(x: scaledRect.origin.x + scaledRect.size.width, y: scaledRect.origin.y + (scaledRect.size.height/2)),
controlPoint2: CGPoint(x: scaledRect.origin.x + (scaledRect.size.width/2), y: scaledRect.origin.y + (scaledRect.size.height*3/4)) )
self.close()
return self
}
答案 6 :(得分:1)
这是适用于带有Swift 5.2的SwiftUI的版本
请注意,addArc顺时针方向相反
struct Heart : Shape {
func path(in rect: CGRect) -> Path {
var path = Path()
path.move(to: CGPoint(x: rect.midX, y: rect.maxY ))
path.addCurve(to: CGPoint(x: rect.minX, y: rect.height/4),
control1:CGPoint(x: rect.midX, y: rect.height*3/4) ,
control2: CGPoint(x: rect.minX, y: rect.midY) )
path.addArc(center: CGPoint( x: rect.width/4,y: rect.height/4),
radius: (rect.width/4),
startAngle: Angle(radians: Double.pi),
endAngle: Angle(radians: 0),
clockwise: false)
path.addArc(center: CGPoint( x: rect.width * 3/4,y: rect.height/4),
radius: (rect.width/4),
startAngle: Angle(radians: Double.pi),
endAngle: Angle(radians: 0),
clockwise: false)
path.addCurve(to: CGPoint(x: rect.midX, y: rect.height),
control1: CGPoint(x: rect.width, y: rect.midY),
control2: CGPoint(x: rect.midX, y: rect.height*3/4) )
return path
}
}
答案 7 :(得分:0)
我喜欢Wolfram在这里找到的心形:https://mathworld.wolfram.com/HeartCurve.html
这是带有以下等式的那个,并且是该页上他们的心脏形状的右下示例。
x = 16sin ^ 3t
y = 13cost-5cos(2t)-2cos(3t)-cos(4t)。
在搜索中,我注意到网络上没有很多示例可以绘制出这种精确的形状,而且我确实有一个用Swift编写的独特解决方案,可以用来获得精确的心脏形状。我将向您展示如何在以2像素线宽追踪心脏轮廓的情况下执行此操作。此解决方案使用专门创建的UIImage来保存图像。我将该图像初始化为具有清晰的背景,以便可以覆盖任何其他内容。由于我只是描画边框,所以内部是透明的。如果要填充它(不透明),则不要抚摸路径,而要填充它。
我将共享代码,该代码使用变量定义心脏的中心,比例以及所需的X和Y偏移量,以在UIImage中移动心脏形状。建议您从至少200 x 200的UIImage开始,然后在Xcode调试器中检查图像,以查看所需大小是否居中且缩放比例合适。根据需要调整变量以获得所需的心形尺寸。
顺便说一句,考虑将生成的UIImage填充到UIImageView中进行动画处理。
首先,获得一个空白的UIImage。我在任何函子外都声明了我的,所以我可以轻松使用它。
var myHeartUIImage = UIImage()
在viewDidLoad内,我将该图像初始化为具有清晰的背景,并为其设置大小。我所有的变量都是经过定制的,以使心脏在50 x 50的框架中看起来不错。
// First get a non nil image, so I just put a clear background inside and it is not nil anymore.
myHeartUIImage = UIImage(color: .clear, size: CGSize(width: 50, height: 50))!
// Now draw the heart on top of the clear backbround
myHeartUIImage = createAHeartTrace(startingImage: myHeartUIImage)
这是createAHeartTrace的代码。它在心脏边界上使用360点进行绘制。这对我的使用和规模来说都很好。如果在分辨率很高的设备(如iPad Pro)上显示大心脏,则可能会将绘图点增加到1000或更多。请注意,moveToPoint提供了第一个点,因此循环仅进行1 ... 359以获取总共360点。
public func createAHeartTrace(startingImage: UIImage) -> UIImage
{
// Create a context of the starting image size and set it as the current one
UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(startingImage.size)
let centeringValueForX : CGFloat = 9
let centeringValueForY : CGFloat = -24
let centerPointXYValue : CGFloat = 60.0
let scaleFactorHere : CGFloat = 1.85
var pointOnHeart = getPointOnHeartShape(thisAngle: 0, thisCenter: CGPoint(x: centerPointXYValue, y: centerPointXYValue), thisScaleFactor: scaleFactorHere)
// Get the current context
let context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()!
context.setLineWidth(2.0)
context.setStrokeColor(UIColor.white.cgColor)
context.move(to: CGPoint(x: pointOnHeart.x - centeringValueForX, y: pointOnHeart.y + centeringValueForY))
for angle in 1...359 {
pointOnHeart = getPointOnHeartShape(thisAngle: CGFloat(angle), thisCenter: CGPoint(x: centerPointXYValue, y: centerPointXYValue), thisScaleFactor: scaleFactorHere)
context.addLine(to: CGPoint(x: pointOnHeart.x - centeringValueForX, y: pointOnHeart.y + centeringValueForY))
}
context.strokePath()
// Save the context as a new UIImage
var myImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
UIGraphicsEndImageContext()
// Return modified image
return myImage!
}// ends createAHeartTrace
请注意,createAHeartTrace总共调用func getPointOnHeartShape 360次。这是getPointOnHeartShape:
public func getPointOnHeartShape(thisAngle : CGFloat, thisCenter: CGPoint, thisScaleFactor: CGFloat) -> CGPoint
{
var tempAngle : CGFloat
tempAngle = thisAngle.degreesToRadians
let cubedTerm = sin(tempAngle) * sin(tempAngle) * sin(tempAngle)
let pointX : CGFloat = thisCenter.x + thisScaleFactor * 16.0 * cubedTerm
let pointY : CGFloat = thisCenter.y + thisScaleFactor * (-13*(cos(tempAngle)) + 5*(cos(2*tempAngle)) + 2*(cos(3*tempAngle)) + 1*(cos(4*tempAngle)))
let returnPoint = CGPoint(x: pointX, y: pointY)
return returnPoint
} // ends getPointOnHeartShape
您可能需要扩展名才能将度数转换为弧度。
extension FloatingPoint
{
var degreesToRadians: Self { return self * .pi / 180 }
}
作为相同代码的奖金代码,如果您想绘制一个5点星形(形状与美国国旗相同的清晰形状),则下面的功能非常适用。同样,可以根据需要进行缩放和偏移以进行调整,并且图形是带有透明中心区域的边框的痕迹。设计的其余部分完全相同。创建一个非nil UIImage来保存图形,然后使用createAFivePointStar将其绘制到其中。根据需要选择笔触颜色。
public func createAFivePointStar(startingImage: UIImage) -> UIImage
{
let drawingScaleFactor : CGFloat = 0.11
// Create a context of the starting image size and set it as the current one
UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(startingImage.size)
// Get the current context
let context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()!
let centeringValueForX : CGFloat = 25
let centeringValueForY : CGFloat = 16
context.setLineWidth(4.0)
context.setStrokeColor(UIColor.white.cgColor)
context.move(to: CGPoint(x: 694 * drawingScaleFactor - centeringValueForX, y: 106 * drawingScaleFactor + centeringValueForY))
context.addLine(to: CGPoint(x: 750 * drawingScaleFactor - centeringValueForX, y: 267 * drawingScaleFactor + centeringValueForY))
context.addLine(to: CGPoint(x: 920 * drawingScaleFactor - centeringValueForX, y: 267 * drawingScaleFactor + centeringValueForY))
context.addLine(to: CGPoint(x: 789 * drawingScaleFactor - centeringValueForX, y: 372 * drawingScaleFactor + centeringValueForY))
context.addLine(to: CGPoint(x: 835 * drawingScaleFactor - centeringValueForX, y: 530 * drawingScaleFactor + centeringValueForY))
context.addLine(to: CGPoint(x: 694 * drawingScaleFactor - centeringValueForX, y: 438 * drawingScaleFactor + centeringValueForY))
context.addLine(to: CGPoint(x: 553 * drawingScaleFactor - centeringValueForX, y: 530 * drawingScaleFactor + centeringValueForY))
context.addLine(to: CGPoint(x: 599 * drawingScaleFactor - centeringValueForX, y: 372 * drawingScaleFactor + centeringValueForY))
context.addLine(to: CGPoint(x: 468 * drawingScaleFactor - centeringValueForX, y: 267 * drawingScaleFactor + centeringValueForY))
context.addLine(to: CGPoint(x: 637 * drawingScaleFactor - centeringValueForX, y: 267 * drawingScaleFactor + centeringValueForY))
context.addLine(to: CGPoint(x: 694 * drawingScaleFactor - centeringValueForX, y: 106 * drawingScaleFactor + centeringValueForY))
context.strokePath()
// Save the context as a new UIImage
var myImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
UIGraphicsEndImageContext()
// Return modified image
return myImage!
} // ends createAFivePointStar