我正在尝试创建一个图书馆系统。我有一个名为3.cpp的源文件,有几个名为Game.h,DVD.h,Book.h,Library.h和Media.h的类。
我在3.cpp中创建了一个名为lib的对象,我试图从Game类中访问lib对象。我怎样才能做到这一点?我正在使用Eclipse onMac os。
3.cpp源文件是:
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include "Library.h" // include header of Library class
#include "Game.h" // include header of Game class
#include "DVD.h" // include header of DVD class
#include "Book.h" // include header of Book class
using namespace std;
int main(){
Library lib;
while( 1 ){
char mainSelect;
char gameOption, name[30], platform[30], copies[10];
char dvdOption, director[30];
char bookOption, author[30];
char mainMenu;
// Read user selection
cin.getline( name, 80);
mainSelect = name[0];
// Switch statement to select between the options
switch (mainSelect){
case '1':
break;
case '2':
break;
case '3':
break;
case '4':
exit(0);
break;
case '5':
cout << "Invalid selection!" << endl;
system("pause");
break;
}
if (mainSelect == '1'){
cin.getline( name, 80);
dvdOption = name[0];
switch (dvdOption){
case '1':
cout << "Enter Name of DVD: ";
cin.getline( name, 80);
cout << "Enter Director of DVD: ";
cin.getline(director, 80);
cout << "Enter no of copies: ";
cin.getline(copies, 80);
lib.insertDVD( name, director, atoi(copies));
break;
case '2':
cout << "Enter Name of DVD:\n";
cin.getline(name, 80);
lib.deleteDVD(name);
break;
case '3':
cout << "Enter Name of DVD:\n";
cin.getline(name, 80);
DVD *item;
item = lib.searchDVD( name );
if( item != NULL){
cout << "DVD found\n" << item->name << endl << item->director << endl << item->copies << endl;
}
else
cout << "DVD not found\n";
break;
case '4':
break;
case '5':
exit(0);
break;
case '6':
cout << "Invalid selection!" << endl;
system("pause");
break;
}
}
else if (mainSelect == '2'){
"I need to add a method here to call the GameMenu method from the Game class."
return 0;
}
Game类代码是:
#ifndef GAME_H_
#define GAME_H_
#include "Media.h"
#include "Library.h"
using namespace std;
class Game : public Media{
public:
char platform[45];
char gameOption, name[30], platform[30], copies[10];
void GameMenu(){
cout << "****************************************************" << endl;
cout << "******************* Game Menu ********************" << endl;
cout << "****************************************************" << endl;
cout << "* *" << endl;
cout << "* PROGRAM DESCRIPTION *" << endl;
cout << "* ------------------------------------------------ *" << endl;
cout << "* *" << endl;
cout << "* 1 Add a new Game *" << endl;
cout << "* *" << endl;
cout << "* 2 Delete a Game *" << endl;
cout << "* *" << endl;
cout << "* 3 Search for a Game *" << endl;
cout << "* *" << endl;
cout << "* 4 Return to the previous Menu *" << endl;
cout << "* *" << endl;
cout << "* 5 EXIT *" << endl;
cout << "* *" << endl;
cout << "* ------------------------------------------------ *" << endl;
cout << "* *" << endl;
cout << "****************************************************" << endl;
cin.getline( name, 80);
gameOption = name[0];
switch (gameOption){
case '1':
cout << "Enter Name of Game: ";
cin.getline( name, 80);
cout << "Enter game platform: ";
cin.getline(platform, 80);
cout << "Enter no of copies: ";
cin.getline(copies, 80);
lib.insertGame( name, platform, atoi(copies));
break;
case '2':
cout << "Enter Name of Game:\n";
cin.getline(name, 80);
lib.deleteGame(name);
break;
case '3':
cout << "Enter Name of Game:\n";
cin.getline(name, 80);
Game *item;
item = lib.searchGame( name );
if( item != NULL){
cout << "Game found\n" << item->name << endl << item->platform << endl << item->copies << endl;
}
else
cout << "Game not found\n";
break;
case '4':
exit(0);
break;
case '5':
cout << "Invalid selection!" << endl;
system("pause");
break;
}
}
};
#endif // end of "#ifndef" block
当我尝试访问Game类中创建的lib对象时,我也遇到了一些错误。我得到的错误是:
1. Use of undefined identifier lib.
2. Method insertGame could not be resolved.
3. Method deleteGame could not be resolved.
答案 0 :(得分:2)
您已将Library lib;
定义为main()
的本地变量。这意味着您可以在main()中访问此变量,但不能访问其他地方。
不幸的是,您在属于lib
类的成员函数GameMenu()
中引用了Game
。 `GameMenu()没有看到调用函数的局部变量。
我试着简化:GameMenu()
函数存在于其类的黑盒子中。它可以使用自己的局部变量,例如item
,以及类成员,例如gameOption
。但是世界的变量并不是黑匣子。
其他错误只是第一个错误的结果。例如,在你的语句lib.insertGame(name, platform, atoi(copies));
中,因为编译器不知道lib
是什么,他抱怨,因为他不知道他能用一个它不知道的对象做什么。
collection[numGames].copies
还有另一个问题,即您已在课程中定义为c-string,但尝试像int
一样进行管理。
您还有结构性问题。这不是错误,但这是一个坏习惯 如果将一个类放在标题中,则应该只放置它的声明(数据成员和函数声明)而不是函数定义。
首先简化 Game.h
标题,如下所示:
#ifndef GAME_H_
#define GAME_H_
#include "Media.h"
using namespace std;
class Library; // forward declaration, will dbe detailed later
class Game : public Media{ // no code
public:
char platform[45];
char gameOption, name[30];
int copies; // change to numeric
void GameMenu(Library& lib); // pass an argument called lib by reference
};
#endif // end of "#ifndef" block
然后将代码放入新Game.cpp
文件:
#include "Game.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include "Library.h"
void Game::GameMenu(Library& lib) // now he knows lib.
{
... // put your code here
cin>>copies; // instead of getline()
lib.insertGame(name, platform, copies); // no atoi() anymore, its already an int
...
}
现在考虑一下代码的整体结构:目前,3.cpp
中有一个菜单,Game
中有一个菜单。它是Library
中的逻辑,因为这些菜单功能实际上是关于管理库对象。它在Game
中没有多大意义,但由您自己选择。
最后,如果您正在学习c ++,我强烈建议您删除c[]
个字符串,strcpy()
,strcmp()
等,并选择c ++ {{1} }