Question

我正在尝试使用Rails 4书完成敏捷Web开发。我有一个使用Ajax工作的“添加到购物车按钮”。在我做了更多编码后，购物车停止工作的原因我不知道。我猜我在应用程序控制器中添加了钩子方法：

skip_before_action :authorize is the problem but I am not sure.

感谢您的时间和帮助。

这是application.html.erb文件：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<head>
<html>
<title>Moussa Books Online Store</title>
<%= stylesheet_link_tag "application", media: "all", "data-turbolinks-track" => true %>
<%= javascript_include_tag "application", "data-turbolinks-track" => true %>
<%= csrf_meta_tags %>
</head>
<body class="<%= controller.controller_name %>">
<div id="banner">
<%= image_tag("logo.png") %>
<%= @page_title || "Moussa Bookshelf" %>
</div>
<div id="columns">
<div id="side">
<div id="cart">
<% if @cart %>
<%= hidden_div_if(@cart.line_items.empty?, id: 'cart') do %>
<%= render @cart %>
<% end %>
<% end %>
</div>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www....">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www..../faq">Questions</a></li> 
<li><a href="http://www..../news">News</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www..../contact">Contact</a></li>
</ul>
<% if session[:user_id] %>
<ul>
<li><%= link_to 'Orders', orders_path %></li>
<li><%= link_to 'Products', products_path %></li>
<li><%= link_to 'Users', users_path %></li>
</ul>
<%= button_to 'Logout', logout_path, method: :delete %>
<% end %>
</div>
<div id="main">
<%= yield %>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

这是我的商店索引页面：app / views / store / index.html.erb

<% if notice %>
<p id="notice"><%= notice %></p>
<% end %>
<h1>Your Pragmatic Catalog</h1>
<% if @counter > 5 %>
<p> You have accessed this page <%= pluralize( @counter, 'time') %> </p> 
<% end %>
<% cache ['store', Product.latest] do %>
<% @products.each do |product| %>
<% cache ['entry', product] do %>
<div class="entry">
<%= link_to image_tag(product.image_url), line_items_path(product_id: product), method: :create %>
<h3><%= product.title %></h3>
<%= sanitize(product.description) %>
<div class="price_line">
<span class="price"><%= number_to_currency(product.price) %></span>
<%= button_to 'Add to Cart', line_items_path(product_id: product.id), remote: true %>
</div>
</div>
<% end %>
<% end %>
<% end %>

这是我的购物车部分：ap / views / carts / _cart.html.erb

<h2>Your Cart</h2>
<table>
<%= render(cart.line_items) %>
<tr class="total_line">
<td colspan="2">Total</td>
<td class="total_cell"><%= number_to_currency(cart.total_price) %></td>
</tr>
</table>
<%= button_to "Checkout", new_order_path, method: :get %>
<%= button_to 'Empty cart', cart, method: :delete, data: { confirm: 'Are you sure?' } %>

我的line_items部分：app / views / line_items / _line_item.html.erb

<% if line_item == @current_item %>
<tr id="current_item">
<% else %>
<tr>
<% end %>
<td><%= line_item.quantity %>&times;</td>
<td><%= line_item.product.title %></td>
<td class="item_price"><%= number_to_currency(line_item.total_price) %></td>
</tr>

我的推车控制器：

Class CartsController < ApplicationController
skip_before_action :authorize, only: [:create, :update, :destroy]
before_action :set_cart, only: [:show, :edit, :update, :destroy]
rescue_from ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound, with: :invalid_cart
# GET /carts
# GET /carts.json
def index
@carts = Cart.all
end

# GET /carts/1
# GET /carts/1.json
def show
end

  # GET /carts/new
  def new
  @cart = Cart.new
  end

   # GET /carts/1/edit
     def edit
     end

    # POST /carts
    # POST /carts.json
    def create
    @cart = Cart.new(cart_params)
    respond_to do |format|
    if @cart.save
    format.html { redirect_to @cart, notice: 'Cart was successfully created.' }
    format.json { render :show, status: :created, location: @cart }
  else
    format.html { render :new }
    format.json { render json: @cart.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
 end
end
end

# PATCH/PUT /carts/1
# PATCH/PUT /carts/1.json
def update
respond_to do |format|
if @cart.update(cart_params)
format.html { redirect_to @cart, notice: 'Cart was successfully updated.' }
format.json { render :show, status: :ok, location: @cart }
else
format.html { render :edit }
format.json { render json: @cart.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
end
end
end

# DELETE /carts/1
# DELETE /carts/1.json
def destroy
@cart.destroy if @cart.id == session[:cart_id]
session[:cart_id] = nil
respond_to do |format|
format.html { redirect_to store_url }
format.json { head :no_content }
end
end


private
# Use callbacks to share common setup or constraints between actions.
def set_cart
  @cart = Cart.find(params[:id])
end

# Never trust parameters from the scary internet, only allow the white list through.
def cart_params
  params[:cart]
end
def invalid_cart
logger.error "Attempt to access invalid cart #{params[:id]}"
redirect_to store_url, notice: 'Invalid Cart'
end
end

和line_items控制器：

class LineItemsController < ApplicationController 
include CurrentCart
skip_before_action :authorize only: :create
before_action :set_cart, only: [:create]
before_action :set_line_item, only: [:show, :edit, :update, :destroy]
# GET /line_items
# GET /line_items.json
def index
@line_items = LineItem.all
end
# GET /line_items/1
# GET /line_items/1.json
def show
end
# GET /line_items/new
def new
@line_item = LineItem.new
end
# GET /line_items/1/edit
def edit
end
# POST /line_items
# POST /line_items.json
def create
product = Product.find(params[:product_id])
@line_item = @cart.add_product(product.id)
respond_to do |format|
if @line_item.save
format.html { redirect_to store_url }
format.js { @current_item = @line_item }
session[:counter] = 0
format.json { render :show, status: :created, location: @line_item }
else
format.html { render :new }
format.json { render json: @line_item.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
end
end
end
# PATCH/PUT /line_items/1
# PATCH/PUT /line_items/1.json
def update
respond_to do |format|
if @line_item.update(line_item_params)
format.html { redirect_to @line_item, notice: 'Line item was successfully updated.' }
format.json { render :show, status: :ok, location: @line_item }
else
format.html { render :edit }
format.json { render json: @line_item.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
end
end
end
# DELETE /line_items/1
# DELETE /line_items/1.json
def destroy
@line_item.destroy
respond_to do |format|
format.html { redirect_to @line_item.cart, notice: 'Line item was successfully destroyed.' }
  format.json { head :no_content }
end
end
private
# Use callbacks to share common setup or constraints between actions.
def set_line_item
@line_item = LineItem.find(params[:id])
end
# Never trust parameters from the scary internet, only allow the white list through.
def line_item_params
  params.require(:line_item).permit(:product_id)
end
end

最后我的应用程序控制器：

class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
skip_before_action :authorize
# Prevent CSRF attacks by raising an exception.
# For APIs, you may want to use :null_session instead.
protect_from_forgery with: :exception
protected
def authorize
unless User.find_by(id: session[:user_id])
redirect_to login_url, notice: "Please log in"
end
end
end

这是追踪：

Started GET "/assets/carts.css?body=1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:01 -070
0
Started GET "/assets/line_items.css?body=1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:01 -0700
Started GET "/assets/orders.css?body=1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:01 -07
00
Started GET "/assets/products.css?body=1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:01 -
0700
Started GET "/assets/scaffolds.css?body=1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:01 -0700
Started GET "/assets/sessions.css?body=1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:01 -0700
Started GET "/assets/store.css?body=1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:01 -07 00
Started GET "/assets/users.css?body=1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:01   -07 00
Started GET "/assets/jquery.js?body=1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:01 -07 00
Started GET "/assets/jquery-ui/effect.js?body=1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21: 56:01 -0700
Started GET "/assets/jquery-ui/effect-blind.js?body=1" for 127.0.0.1 at   2015-03- 19 21:56:01 -0700
Started GET "/assets/jquery_ujs.js?body=1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:01 -0700
Started GET "/assets/turbolinks.js?body=1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:01 -0700
Started GET "/assets/admin.js?body=1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:01 -0700
Started GET "/assets/carts.js?body=1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:01 -0700
Started GET "/assets/line_items.js?body=1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:01 -0700
Started GET "/assets/orders.js?body=1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:01     -070 0
Started GET "/assets/products.js?body=1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:01 -0 700
Started GET "/assets/sessions.js?body=1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:01 -0 700
Started GET "/assets/store.js?body=1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:01 -0700
Started GET "/assets/users.js?body=1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:0 -0700
Started GET "/assets/application.js?body=1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:02 -0700
Started GET "/assets/logo.png" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:02 -0700
Started GET "/assets/cs.jpg" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:02 -0700
Started GET "/assets/rtp.jpg" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:02 -0700
Started GET "/assets/ruby.jpg" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:02 -0700
Started POST "/line_items?product_id=1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:04 -07 00
SyntaxError (C:/Sites/depot/app/controllers/line_items_controller.rb:3:     syntax error, unexpected tIDENTIFIER, expecting keyword_end
skip_before_action :authorize only: :create
                                ^):
app/controllers/line_items_controller.rb:3: syntax error, unexpected   tIDENTIFIER, expecting keyword_end
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_source.erb (0.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_trace.text.erb (1.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_request_and_response.text.erb
(0.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/diagnostics.erb (59.0ms)

Started POST "/line_items?product_id=1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:05 -07 00
SyntaxError (C:/Sites/depot/app/controllers/line_items_controller.rb:3: syntax error, unexpected tIDENTIFIER, expecting keyword_end
skip_before_action :authorize only: :create
                                ^):
app/controllers/line_items_controller.rb:3: syntax error, unexpected tIDENTIFIER, expecting keyword_end
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_source.erb (1.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_trace.text.erb (0.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_request_and_response.text.erb
(2.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/diagnostics.erb (56.0ms)

Started POST "/line_items?product_id=1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:06 -07 00
SyntaxError (C:/Sites/depot/app/controllers/line_items_controller.rb:3: syntax error, unexpected tIDENTIFIER, expecting keyword_end
skip_before_action :authorize only: :create
                                 ^):
app/controllers/line_items_controller.rb:3: syntax error, unexpected tIDENTIFIER, expecting keyword_end
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_source.erb (1.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_trace.text.erb (0.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_request_and_response.text.erb
(0.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/diagnostics.erb (84.0ms)
Started POST "/line_items?product_id=1" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:14 -07 00
SyntaxError (C:/Sites/depot/app/controllers/line_items_controller.rb:3: syntax error, unexpected tIDENTIFIER, expecting keyword_end
skip_before_action :authorize only: :create                                ^):
app/controllers/line_items_controller.rb:3: syntax error, unexpected tIDENTIFIER, expecting keyword_end

Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_source.erb (1.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_trace.text.erb (0.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_request_and_response.text.erb
(2.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/diagnostics.erb (54.0ms)
Started POST "/line_items?product_id=2" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:15 -07 00
SyntaxError (C:/Sites/depot/app/controllers/line_items_controller.rb:3: syntax error, unexpected tIDENTIFIER, expecting keyword_end
skip_before_action :authorize only: :create
                                ^):
app/controllers/line_items_controller.rb:3: syntax error, unexpected tIDENTIFIER, expecting keyword_end
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_source.erb (0.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_trace.text.erb (1.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_request_and_response.text.erb
(2.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/diagnostics.erb (56.0ms)

Started POST "/line_items?product_id=2" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:15 -07 00
SyntaxError (C:/Sites/depot/app/controllers/line_items_controller.rb:3:    syntax error, unexpected tIDENTIFIER, expecting keyword_end
skip_before_action :authorize only: :create
                                ^):
app/controllers/line_items_controller.rb:3: syntax error, unexpected tIDENTIFIER, expecting keyword_end
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_source.erb (0.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_trace.text.erb (2.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_request_and_response.text.erb
(2.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/diagnostics.erb (78.0ms)

Started POST "/line_items?product_id=2" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:16 -07 00
SyntaxError (C:/Sites/depot/app/controllers/line_items_controller.rb:3: syntax error, unexpected tIDENTIFIER, expecting keyword_end
skip_before_action :authorize only: :create
                                ^):
app/controllers/line_items_controller.rb:3: syntax error, unexpected tIDENTIFIER, expecting keyword_end

Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_source.erb (10.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_trace.text.erb (0.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_request_and_response.text.erb
(2.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/diagnostics.erb (59.0ms)
Started POST "/line_items?product_id=3" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:17 -07 00
SyntaxError (C:/Sites/depot/app/controllers/line_items_controller.rb:3: syntax error, unexpected tIDENTIFIER, expecting keyword_end
skip_before_action :authorize only: :create
                                ^):
app/controllers/line_items_controller.rb:3: syntax error, unexpected tIDENTIFIER, expecting keyword_end
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_source.erb (1.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_trace.text.erb (0.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_request_and_response.text.erb
(0.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/diagnostics.erb (54.0ms)
Started POST "/line_items?product_id=3" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-03-19 21:56:17 -07 00
SyntaxError (C:/Sites/depot/app/controllers/line_items_controller.rb:3:   syntax error, unexpected tIDENTIFIER, expecting keyword_end
skip_before_action :authorize only: :create
                              ^):
app/controllers/line_items_controller.rb:3: syntax error, unexpected tIDENTIFIER, expecting keyword_end
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_source.erb (0.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_trace.text.erb (0.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/_request_and_response.text.erb
(0.0ms)
Rendered C:/RailsInstaller/Ruby2.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.8/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/diagnostics.erb (43.0ms)

Answer 1

您在订单项控制器的第3行上缺少逗号，并且您无法编写：authorize：

class LineItemsController < ApplicationController 
  include CurrentCart
  skip_before_action :authorize, :only => :create

如果您观察堆栈跟踪，可以看到错误，在所有GET请求之后它显示语法错误然后找到您的文件，并在line_items_controller.rb末尾有一个数字，该数字表示该行的位置语法错误是因为您可以更容易地发现错误，通常错误不是语法，但检查堆栈几乎总是让您看到应用程序无法正常工作的位置：

SyntaxError (C:/Sites/depot/app/controllers/line_items_controller.rb:3:     syntax error, unexpected tIDENTIFIER, expecting keyword_end
skip_before_action :authorize only: :create

添加购物车按钮停止工作？

1 个答案: