如何以纯文本格式提取网页上的所有URL(链接)?

时间:2015-03-19 03:46:50

标签: php html regex string web-crawler

基本上我想从网页中提取所有网址,即使它们不是可点击的链接。

例如,页面源可能是:

<html>

<title>Random Website I am Crawling</title>

<body>

Click <a href="http://clicklink.com">here</a> for foobar

Another site is http://foobar.com

</body>

</html>

我想要显示两个网址,

http://clicklink.com and http://foobar.com

我也不希望被包括在内。

我当前的脚本抓住了网址,但似乎还抓住了一堆其他垃圾,使链接可以点击,无法存储在数据库中。

这是我目前的代码。

<?php

$db = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=crawler;charset=utf8', 'crawler', '***', array(PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES => false, 
                                                                                                PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION));

$url="http://www.frozencpu.com/";
$data=file_get_contents($url);
$data = strip_tags($data,"<a>");
$d = preg_split("/<\/a>/",$data);
foreach ( $d as $k=>$u ){
    if( strpos($u, "<a href=") !== FALSE ){
    //echo $u;
    //echo "<BR>";
        $u = preg_replace("/.*<a\s+href=\"/sm","",$u);
        $u = preg_replace("/\".*/","",$u);
        //echo $u;
        //echo "<BR>";
        $db->exec("INSERT INTO urls(url, crawled) VALUES('$u', '0')");
    }
}

?>

以下是输出示例

http://www.facebook.com/pages/FrozenCPUcom/351841771499<BR>http://twitter.com/FrozenCPU<BR>/rss/frozencpu.rss<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/index.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/index.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cart.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/account.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/tracking.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/help_center.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/manage_carts.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>

*在此之前似乎很好

Then it just junks up big time

&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='http://www.frozencpu.com/advanced_search.html?id=CR9RnD2g' class=small>Advanced Search<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/brands/shop_by_brand.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/shop_category.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g30/Liquid_Cooling.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g57/EK_Products.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g59/XSPC_Products.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g60/LutroO_Products.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g12/Accessories.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g40/Air_Cooling.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g53/Apparel.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g34/Bay_Devices.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g54/Cabinet_Cooling.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g2/Cables.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g32/Caffeine.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g1/Cases.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g58/CaseLabs_Cases.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g45/Custom_Cases.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g43/Case_Parts-OEM.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g51/Connectors.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g48/CPU_Heatsinks.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g44/DIYMod_Parts.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g4/Electronics.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g36/Fans.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g47/Fan_Accessories.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g39/Gaming.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g6/Lighting.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g49/Phase_Change.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g11/Power_Supplies.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g55/Screws.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g35/SleevingHeatshrink.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g7/Sound_Dampening.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g52/Switches.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g8/Thermal_Interface.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g31/Travel_Cases.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g33/Ultra_Quiet.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g42/Window_Kits.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cat/l1/g50/Custom_Services.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/index.html?enable=1&id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/products/2770/gc-01/Gift_Certificate.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/rebates.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/aboutus.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/resource.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/career.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/clearance/list/p1/Clearance-Page1.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/contactus.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/help_center.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/news.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/links.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>https://www.frozencpu.com/login.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/media.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/account.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/manage_carts.html?view_cart=Wish%2dList&wish_list=1&id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/new_products.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/powder_coating.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/press.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/rebates.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/cart.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/sitemap.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/testimonials.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/tracking.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>http://www.frozencpu.com/stores.html?id=CR9RnD2g<BR>


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                                    EK ZMT (Zero Maintainance Tubing) is a high quality, zero maintainance industrial grade EPDM rubber tubing in stylish matte black.

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Unlike most...
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                                    The best Alphacool reservoir mounts of all times!

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2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

如果您想要查看<a href=内的所有网址,请特别注意href的{​​{1}}属性并不总是标记内的第一个内容。像<a>这样的标签会被忽略。

如果您想搜索所有网址,无论上下文如何,您都可以忽略标记并查找一般的网址格式,如下所示:

<a target=_blank href=http://google.com>

这可能需要大量的抛光,但应该抓住机会开始。 但请注意,这只会匹配完整的网址。 $urls = preg_match_all('/[a-z]+:\/\/[a-zA-Z0-9?+.=%:\/]+/', $content, $matches); 等相关网页的链接显然不匹配。

Regular Expressions are not a recommended solution to parse HTML以来,我担心您需要为<a href="index.html">等更合适的解决方案提供资源,以便对页面进行打谷并充分查找网址。

答案 1 :(得分:1)

为了与所有类型的网址匹配,以下代码可以为您提供帮助:

<?php

$content = '<html>

<title>Random Website I am Crawling</title>

<body>

Click <a href="http://clicklink.com">here</a> for foobar

Another site is http://foobar.com

</body>

</html>';

$regex = "((https?|ftp)\:\/\/)?"; // SCHEME
$regex .= "([a-z0-9+!*(),;?&=\$_.-]+(\:[a-z0-9+!*(),;?&=\$_.-]+)?@)?"; // User and Pass
$regex .= "([a-z0-9-.]*)\.([a-z]{2,4})"; // Host or IP
$regex .= "(\:[0-9]{2,5})?"; // Port
$regex .= "(\/([a-z0-9+\$_-]\.?)+)*\/?"; // Path
$regex .= "(\?[a-z+&\$_.-][a-z0-9;:@&%=+\/\$_.-]*)?"; // GET Query
$regex .= "(#[a-z_.-][a-z0-9+\$_.-]*)?"; // Anchor


$matches = array(); //create array
$pattern = "/$regex/";

preg_match_all($pattern, $content, $matches); 

print_r(array_values(array_unique($matches[0])));
echo "<br><br>";
echo implode("<br>", array_values(array_unique($matches[0])));


/*
 * With your code
*/

$db = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=crawler;charset=utf8', 'crawler', '***', array(PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES => false, 
                                                                                                PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION));
$url="http://www.frozencpu.com/";
$data=file_get_contents($url);
$matches = array();

preg_match_all($pattern, $data, $matches); 
$array = array_values(array_unique($matches[0]));
    $count = count($array);

    for($i = 0; $i < $count; $i++) {
          $db->exec("INSERT INTO urls(url, crawled) VALUES('{$array[$i]}', '0')");
}

    ?>

这是更新代码,似乎有用,但速度极慢。

<?php

$db = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=crawler;charset=utf8', 'crawler', '***', array(PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES => false, 
                                                                                                PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION));

$url="http://proxylists.connectionincognito.com/";
$content=file_get_contents($url);

$regex = "((https?|ftp)\:\/\/)?"; // SCHEME
$regex .= "([a-z0-9+!*(),;?&=\$_.-]+(\:[a-z0-9+!*(),;?&=\$_.-]+)?@)?"; // User and Pass
$regex .= "([a-z0-9-.]*)\.([a-z]{2,4})"; // Host or IP
$regex .= "(\:[0-9]{2,5})?"; // Port
$regex .= "(\/([a-z0-9+\$_-]\.?)+)*\/?"; // Path
$regex .= "(\?[a-z+&\$_.-][a-z0-9;:@&%=+\/\$_.-]*)?"; // GET Query
$regex .= "(#[a-z_.-][a-z0-9+\$_.-]*)?"; // Anchor


$matches = array(); //create array
$pattern = "/$regex/";

preg_match_all($pattern, $content, $matches); 

$unique = array_unique($matches[0]);

foreach ($unique as $url) {

//Insert if none exist

$stmt = $db->prepare("SELECT * FROM urls WHERE url='$url'");
$stmt->bindParam(1, $_GET['id'], PDO::PARAM_INT);
$stmt->execute();
$row = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);

if( ! $row)
{

$db->exec("INSERT INTO urls(url, crawled) VALUES('$url', '0')");
}
//Insert end code
}
?>

参考:

  

http://php.net/manual/en/function.preg-match.php