从一个字符串变量创建几个虚拟变量

时间:2015-03-17 14:27:56

标签: r string dataframe split splitstackshape

我已经尝试了this similar question的所有内容,但我无法得到其他人似乎得到的结果。这是我的问题:

我有一个这样的数据框,列出了每位教师使用的成绩:

> profs <- data.frame(teaches = c("1st", "1st, 2nd",
                                  "2nd, 3rd",
                                  "1st, 2nd, 3rd"))
> profs
        teaches
1           1st
2      1st, 2nd
3      2nd, 3rd
4 1st, 2nd, 3rd

我一直在寻找将teaches变量分解为列的解决方案,如下所示:

  teaches1st teaches2nd teaches3rd
1          1          0          0
2          1          1          0
3          0          1          1
4          1          1          1
根据回答者的解释,涉及splitstackshape库和显然已弃用的concat.split.expanded函数的

I understand this solution应该完全符合我的要求。但是,我似乎无法达到相同的结果:

> concat.split.expanded(profs, "teaches", fill = 0, drop = TRUE)
Fehler in seq.default(min(vec), max(vec)) : 
  'from' cannot be NA, NaN or infinite

使用我理解的cSplit取代“大多数早期的concat.split *函数”,我得到了这个:

> cSplit(profs, "teaches")
   teaches_1 teaches_2 teaches_3
1:       1st        NA        NA
2:       1st       2nd        NA
3:       2nd       3rd        NA
4:       1st       2nd       3rd

我尝试过使用cSplit的帮助并调整其中的每一个参数,但我无法进行分割。我感谢任何帮助。

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

由于您的连接数据是连接的字符串(不是连接的数值),因此您需要添加type = "character"以使函数按预期工作。

该功能的默认设置适用于数值,因此错误大约为NaN,依此类推。

命名与同一系列中其他功能的简短形式更加一致。因此,它现在是cSplit_e(虽然旧的函数名称仍然可用)。

library(splitstackshape)
cSplit_e(profs, "teaches", ",", type = "character", fill = 0)
#         teaches teaches_1st teaches_2nd teaches_3rd
# 1           1st           1           0           0
# 2      1st, 2nd           1           1           0
# 3      2nd, 3rd           0           1           1
# 4 1st, 2nd, 3rd           1           1           1

?concat.split.expanded的帮助页面与cSplit_e的帮助页面相同。如果您有任何关于使其更清楚易懂的提示,请在软件包的GitHub页面上提出问题。

答案 1 :(得分:2)

这是另一种选择:

Vectorize(grepl, 'pattern')(c('1st', '2nd', '3rd'), profs$teaches)
#        1st   2nd   3rd
# [1,]  TRUE FALSE FALSE
# [2,]  TRUE  TRUE FALSE
# [3,] FALSE  TRUE  TRUE
# [4,]  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE

答案 2 :(得分:2)

您可以尝试mtabulate

中的qdapTools
library(qdapTools)
res <- mtabulate(strsplit(as.character(profs$teaches), ', '))
colnames(res) <- paste0('teaches', colnames(res))
res
#    teaches1st teaches2nd teaches3rd
#1          1          0          0
#2          1          1          0
#3          0          1          1
#4          1          1          1

或使用stringi

library(stringi)
(vapply(c('1st', '2nd', '3rd'), stri_detect_fixed, logical(4L), 
                          str=profs$teaches))+0L
#     1st 2nd 3rd
#[1,]   1   0   0
#[2,]   1   1   0
#[3,]   0   1   1
#[4,]   1   1   1

答案 3 :(得分:0)

我找到了解决方法。如果你的字符串变量只包含分隔符和数字,那么似乎concat.split.expanded有效,即:

> profs <- data.frame(teaches = c("1", "1, 2", "2, 3", "1, 2, 3"))
> profs
  teaches
1       1
2    1, 2
3    2, 3
4 1, 2, 3

现在concat.split.expanded的工作方式与Dummy variables from a string variable相同:

> concat.split.expanded(profs, "teaches", fill = 0, drop = TRUE)
  teaches_1 teaches_2 teaches_3
1         1         0         0
2         1         1         0
3         0         1         1
4         1         1         1

但是,我仍然在寻找一种不涉及删除teaches变量中所有字母的解决方案。