maven版本：pache-maven-3.2.5
java版（运行）：1.7.0_75
jdk版本：1.6.0_65
我使用maven包生成jar文件
/System/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/1.6.0.jdk/Contents/Home/bin/java -Dmaven.home=/usr/share/java/apache-maven-3.2.5 -Dclassworlds.conf=/usr/share/java/apache-maven-3.2.5/bin/m2.conf -Didea.launcher.port=7535 "-Didea.launcher.bin.path=/Applications/IntelliJ IDEA 14.app/Contents/bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "/usr/share/java/apache-maven-3.2.5/boot/plexus-classworlds-2.5.2.jar:/Applications/IntelliJ IDEA 14.app/Contents/lib/idea_rt.jar" com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain org.codehaus.classworlds.Launcher -Didea.version=14.0.3 package
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building GAImage 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ GAImage ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory /Users/zhanglei/WorkSpace/IntelliJ/GAImageDemo/src/main/resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ GAImage ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ GAImage ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory /Users/zhanglei/WorkSpace/IntelliJ/GAImageDemo/src/test/resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ GAImage ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ GAImage ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:2.4:jar (default-jar) @ GAImage ---
[INFO]
[INFO] >>> maven-assembly-plugin:2.5.3:assembly (make-assembly) > package @ GAImage >>>
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ GAImage ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory /Users/zhanglei/WorkSpace/IntelliJ/GAImageDemo/src/main/resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ GAImage ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ GAImage ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory /Users/zhanglei/WorkSpace/IntelliJ/GAImageDemo/src/test/resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ GAImage ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ GAImage ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO] Skipping execution of surefire because it has already been run for this configuration
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:2.4:jar (default-jar) @ GAImage ---
[INFO]
[INFO] <<< maven-assembly-plugin:2.5.3:assembly (make-assembly) < package @ GAImage <<<
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-assembly-plugin:2.5.3:assembly (make-assembly) @ GAImage ---
[INFO] Building jar: /Users/zhanglei/WorkSpace/IntelliJ/GAImageDemo/target/GAImage-1.0-SNAPSHOT-jar-with-dependencies.jar
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 9.026 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2015-03-13T10:30:42+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 10M/81M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
Process finished with exit code 0
然后我用java -jar GAImage-1.0-SNAPSHOT-jar-with-dependencies.jar运行它，它抛出异常
无法找到XML架构命名空间的Spring NamespaceHandler [http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx]
我不知道为什么我的程序在我的java IDE（IntellIj 14）中很好
iMac:target zhanglei$ java -jar java-archive-1.0-SNAPSHOT-jar-with-dependencies.jar
三月 13, 2015 10:20:47 上午 org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext prepareRefresh
信息: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@4bcfd41a: startup date [Fri Mar 13 10:20:47 CST 2015]; root of context hierarchy
三月 13, 2015 10:20:47 上午 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions
信息: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [spring-config.xml]
Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.BeanDefinitionParsingException: Configuration problem: Unable to locate Spring NamespaceHandler for XML schema namespace [http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx]
Offending resource: class path resource [spring-config.xml]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.FailFastProblemReporter.error(FailFastProblemReporter.java:70)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.ReaderContext.error(ReaderContext.java:85)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.ReaderContext.error(ReaderContext.java:80)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.error(BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.java:316)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.parseCustomElement(BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.java:1424)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.parseCustomElement(BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.java:1417)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.parseBeanDefinitions(DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java:174)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.doRegisterBeanDefinitions(DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java:144)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.registerBeanDefinitions(DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java:100)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.registerBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:510)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:392)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:336)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:304)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:181)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:217)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:188)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:252)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:127)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:93)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:129)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:537)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:452)
at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:139)
at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:83)
at com.service.MainApp.main(MainApp.java:51)
打击是我的代码（5个文件）
的HibernateDAO：
package com.dao;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
public class HibernateDao {
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
public SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
return sessionFactory;
}
public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;
}
}
MainApp：
package com.service;
import com.dao.HibernateDao;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
public class MainApp {
HibernateDao dao;
@Scheduled(cron = "0 0 12 * * ?") //每天中午十二点触发
public void service() {
System.out.println("service 正在执行");
}
public HibernateDao getDao() {
return dao;
}
public void setDao(HibernateDao dao) {
this.dao = dao;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context =
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-config.xml");
System.out.println("spring 初始化完成");
MainApp mainApp = (MainApp)context.getBean("MainApp");
mainApp.service();
System.out.println("service 执行完毕");
int a=0;
a=a++;
System.out.println(a);
}
}
的hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@//centos7.local:1521/cent</property>
<property name="connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver</property>
<property name="connection.username">zxqzuser</property>
<property name="connection.password">123</property>
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect</property>
<property name="show_sql">false</property>
<property name="format_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.min_size">5</property>
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_size">20</property>
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.timeout">300</property>
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_statements">50</property>
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.idle_test_period">3000</property>
<!-- DB schema will be updated if needed -->
<!-- <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property> -->
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
弹簧-config.xml中
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-4.1.xsd">
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
</bean>
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
<bean id="HibernateDao" class="com.dao.HibernateDao">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
</bean>
<bean id="MainApp" class="com.service.MainApp">
<property name="dao" ref="HibernateDao"/>
</bean>
<task:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
的pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>GAImage</groupId>
<artifactId>GAImage</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<cxf.version>3.0.3</cxf.version>
<spring.version>4.1.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
<hibernate.version>4.3.8.Final</hibernate.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- Spring framework -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring持久化 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Hibernate framework -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Without maven dependency Hibernate just silently ignores C3P0 configuration. -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-c3p0</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- cxf framework -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
<artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxws</artifactId>
<version>${cxf.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
<artifactId>cxf-rt-transports-http</artifactId>
<version>${cxf.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- oracle driver-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.oracle</groupId>
<artifactId>ojdbc6</artifactId>
<version>11.2.0.3</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>codelds</id>
<url>https://code.lds.org/nexus/content/groups/main-repo</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.3</version>
<configuration>
<descriptorRefs>
<descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
</descriptorRefs>
<archive>
<manifest>
<mainClass>com.service.MainApp</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>make-assembly</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>assembly</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
答案 0 :(得分：1)
根据建议here，它可能是由依赖项冲突引起的，可以通过使用maven shade插件来解决，以确保正确设置元文件。
<transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
<resource>META-INF/spring.handlers</resource>
</transformer>
<transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
<resource>META-INF/spring.schemas</resource>
</transformer>
您可以在此处阅读有关阴影插件的更多信息 http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-shade-plugin/examples/resource-transformers.html
此外，您可以使用maven exec插件运行jar：
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.2.1</version>
<configuration>
<mainClass>com.example.Main</mainClass>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
运行方式：
mvn exec:java
答案 1 :(得分：1)
感谢@Jimmy和@neilireson
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>shade</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<transformers>
<transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
<manifestEntries>
<Main-Class>com.service.MainApp</Main-Class>
</manifestEntries>
</transformer>
<transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
<resource>META-INF/spring.handlers</resource>
</transformer>
<transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
<resource>META-INF/spring.schemas</resource>
</transformer>
</transformers>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
答案 2 :(得分：0)
问题可能是依赖性冲突。创建XXX-jar-with-dependencies.jar时，jar中只包含任何重复项的单个文件。这有时会导致版本冲突和配置文件出现问题。 Intellij似乎很擅长避免这些问题。
最好的解决方法是使用maven shade插件（http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-shade-plugin）来创建依赖jar。插件的配置可能相当复杂，但它确实可以为您提供有关其执行操作的反馈。下面是一个示例配置，显示如何生成相同的命名依赖jar。您需要确定哪些文件需要转换才能使其正常工作。您可能还需要向依赖项添加排除项，但是阴影也表示何时可能需要这些项。
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>shade</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<shadedArtifactAttached>true</shadedArtifactAttached>
<shadedClassifierName>jar-with-dependencies</shadedClassifierName>
<filters>
<!-- Prevent "Invalid signature file digest for Manifest main attributes" -->
<filter>
<artifact>*:*</artifact>
<excludes>
<exclude>META-INF/*.SF</exclude>
<exclude>META-INF/*.DSA</exclude>
<exclude>META-INF/*.RSA</exclude>
</excludes>
</filter>
</filters>
<transformers>
<transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
<mainClass>com.service.MainApp</mainClass>
</transformer>
<transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
<resource>META-INF/spring.handlers</resource>
</transformer>
<transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
<resource>META-INF/spring.schemas</resource>
</transformer>
</transformers>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>