Question

我正在寻找一个Python脚本（使用3.4.3），该脚本从URL抓取HTML页面，并可以通过DOM尝试查找特定元素。

我目前有这个：

#!/usr/bin/env python
import urllib.request

def getSite(url):
    return urllib.request.urlopen(url)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    content = getSite('http://www.google.com').read()
    print(content)

当我打印内容时，它会打印出整个html页面，这与我想要的内容相近......虽然我希望能够浏览DOM而不是将其视为一个巨大的字符串。

我还不擅长Python，但有多种其他语言的经验（主要是Java，C＃，C ++，C，PHP，JS）。我以前曾用Java做过类似的事情，但想用Python试一试。

感谢任何帮助。干杯！

Answer 1

您可以使用许多不同的模块。例如，lxml或BeautifulSoup。

这是lxml示例：

import lxml.html

mysite = urllib.request.urlopen('http://www.google.com').read()
lxml_mysite = lxml.html.fromstring(mysite)

description = lxml_mysite.xpath("//meta[@name='description']")[0] # meta tag description
text = description.get('content') # content attribute of the tag

>>> print(text)
"Search the world's information, including webpages, images, videos and more. Google has many special features to help you find exactly what you're looking for."

一个BeautifulSoup示例：

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

mysite = urllib.request.urlopen('http://www.google.com').read()
soup_mysite = BeautifulSoup(mysite)

description = soup_mysite.find("meta", {"name": "description"}) # meta tag description
text = description['content'] # text of content attribute

>>> print(text)
u"Search the world's information, including webpages, images, videos and more. Google has many special features to help you find exactly what you're looking for."

注意BeautifulSoup如何返回unicode字符串，而lxml则不然。根据需要，这可能有用/有害。

Answer 2

查看BeautifulSoup模块。

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import urllib                                       
soup = BeautifulSoup(urllib.urlopen("http://google.com").read())

for link in soup.find_all('a'):
    print(link.get('href'))

在Python中浏览HTML DOM

2 个答案: