从两个数组元素中成对创建数组,不带循环

时间:2015-03-10 19:59:10

标签: arrays matlab vector vectorization

这里的简单问题。我有阵列:

a = [ 600 746 8556 90456 ]
b = [ 684 864 8600 90500 ]

我希望得到:

output = [ a(1):b(1) a(2):b(2) a(3):b(3) a(4):b(4) ]

(或[ a(1):b(1); a(2):b(2); a(3):b(3); a(4):b(4) ],我不在乎)

我不知道如何在不使用循环的情况下执行此操作,但我知道它应该是一种方式。

有什么想法吗?

提前致谢

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:8)

方法#1

Vectorized使用bsxfun的屏蔽功能 -

%// Get "extents" formed with each pair of "a" and "b" and max extent
ext = b-a
max_ext = max(ext)

%// Extend all a's to max possible extent
allvals = bsxfun(@plus,a,[0:max_ext]')  %//'

%// Get mask of valid extensions and use it to have the final output
mask  = bsxfun(@le,[0:max_ext]',ext)  %//'
out  = allvals(mask).'

方法#2

这里列出的是基于cumsum的方法,它必须比先前列出的基于bsxfun的方法和arrayfun based approach in the other answer具有更高的内存效率和更快的速度。这是代码 -

%// Get "extents" formed with each pair of "a" and "b"
ext = b-a;

%// Ignore cases when "a" might be greater than "b"
a = a(ext>=0);
b = b(ext>=0);
ext = b-a;

if numel(ext)>1

    %// Strategically place "differentiated" values from array,a
    idx = ones(sum(ext+1),1);
    idx([1 cumsum(ext(1:end-1)+1)+1]) = [a(1) diff(a)-ext(1:end-1)];

    %// Perform cumulative summation to have the final output
    out = cumsum(idx)

else %// Leftover cases when there are one or no valid boundaries:(a->b)
    out = a:b
end

示例运行 -

>> a
a =
     6    12    43
>> b
b =
     8    17    43
>> out
out =
     6     7     8    12    13    14    15    16    17    43

答案 1 :(得分:7)

使用arrayfuncell2matanonymous function的单线:

output = cell2mat(arrayfun(@(start, stop) start:stop, a, b, 'uni', 0))

说明:函数arrayfun在向量ab上并行迭代,然后为每对元素调用匿名函数。匿名函数返回不同大小的向量而不是标量,因此您需要使用'UniformOutput', false(可以缩写为'uni', 0)使arrayfun返回单元格数组。最后,使用cell2mat将单元格数组挤压到一个向量中。

快速测试:

>> a = [10, 20, 40];
>> b = [13, 22, 45];
>> output = cell2mat(arrayfun(@(start, stop) start:stop, a, b, 'uni', 0))
output =
    10    11    12    13    20    21    22    40    41    42    43    44    45