我正在尝试在Windows中以全屏模式保留内容宽高比。如果显示宽高比与内容宽高比不同,我想将桌面的其余部分隐藏在黑色边框后面。是否可以使用Win32 api创建具有居中内容和黑色边框的全屏窗口?
在OS X中,使用以下代码可以很容易地实现这一点:
CGSize ar;
ar.width = 800;
ar.height = 600;
[self.window setContentAspectRatio:ar];
[self.window center];
[self.window toggleFullScreen:nil];
如果我在16:9显示器上运行上面的代码,我的应用程序进入全屏模式,内容居中(因为它是4:3)并且屏幕两侧都有黑色边框。
我试图在Windows中实现相同的功能,但我开始怀疑它是否可能。我目前的全屏代码保持宽高比和
将内容居中,但如果fullscreenWidth
和fullscreenHeight
不等于displayWidth
和displayHeight
,则会在窗口两侧显示桌面:
bool enterFullscreen(int fullscreenWidth, int fullscreenHeight)
{
DEVMODE fullscreenSettings;
bool isChangeSuccessful;
int displayWidth = GetDeviceCaps(m_hDC, HORZRES);
int displayHeight = GetDeviceCaps(m_hDC, VERTRES);
int colourBits = GetDeviceCaps(m_hDC, BITSPIXEL);
int refreshRate = GetDeviceCaps(m_hDC, VREFRESH);
EnumDisplaySettings(NULL, 0, &fullscreenSettings);
fullscreenSettings.dmPelsWidth = fullscreenWidth;
fullscreenSettings.dmPelsHeight = fullscreenHeight;
fullscreenSettings.dmBitsPerPel = colourBits;
fullscreenSettings.dmDisplayFrequency = refreshRate;
fullscreenSettings.dmFields = DM_PELSWIDTH |
DM_PELSHEIGHT |
DM_BITSPERPEL |
DM_DISPLAYFREQUENCY;
SetWindowLongPtr(m_hWnd, GWL_EXSTYLE, WS_EX_APPWINDOW | WS_EX_TOPMOST);
SetWindowLongPtr(m_hWnd, GWL_STYLE, WS_POPUP | WS_VISIBLE);
SetWindowPos(m_hWnd, HWND_TOPMOST, 0, 0, displayWidth, displayHeight, SWP_SHOWWINDOW);
isChangeSuccessful = ChangeDisplaySettings(&fullscreenSettings, CDS_FULLSCREEN) == DISP_CHANGE_SUCCESSFUL;
ShowWindow(m_hWnd, SW_MAXIMIZE);
RECT rcWindow;
GetWindowRect(m_hWnd, &rcWindow);
// calculate content position
POINT ptDiff;
ptDiff.x = ((rcWindow.right - rcWindow.left) - fullscreenWidth) / 2;
ptDiff.y = ((rcWindow.bottom - rcWindow.top) - fullscreenHeight) / 2;
AdjustWindowRectEx(&rcWindow, GetWindowLong(m_hWnd, GWL_STYLE), FALSE, GetWindowLong(m_hWnd, GWL_EXSTYLE));
SetWindowPos(m_hWnd, 0, ptDiff.x, ptDiff.y, displayWidth, displayHeight, NULL);
return isChangeSuccessful;
}
答案 0 :(得分:5)
完成所需内容的最简单方法是创建一个子窗口( C )来呈现您的内容,为父项留下任何多余的空间( P )。
应使用黑色笔刷为其背景创建 P 。注册窗口类((HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH)
)时,为WNDCLASS structure的hbrBackground
成员指定RegisterClass。为了防止在删除背景时闪烁, P 应该有WS_CLIPCHILDREN
Window Style。
每当 P 更改其大小时,WM_SIZE message将被发送到 P 的窗口过程。然后处理程序可以调整 C 的位置和大小以保持宽高比。
要创建无边框子窗口 C ,请在CreateWindow调用中使用WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE
窗口样式。如果要在父 P 中处理鼠标输入,请添加WS_DISABLED
窗口样式。
#define STRICT 1
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include <windows.h>
// Globals
HWND g_hWndContent = NULL;
// Forward declarations
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProcMain( HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM );
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProcContent( HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM );
int APIENTRY wWinMain( HINSTANCE hInstance,
HINSTANCE /*hPrevInstance*/,
LPWSTR /*lpCmdLine*/,
int nCmdShow ) {
需要注册主窗口类和内容窗口类。注册几乎完全相同,但背景画笔除外。内容窗口使用白色画笔,以便在没有任何其他代码的情况下可见:
// Register main window class
const wchar_t classNameMain[] = L"MainWindow";
WNDCLASSEXW wcexMain = { sizeof( wcexMain ) };
wcexMain.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
wcexMain.lpfnWndProc = WndProcMain;
wcexMain.hCursor = ::LoadCursorW( NULL, IDC_ARROW );
wcexMain.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)::GetStockObject( BLACK_BRUSH );
wcexMain.lpszClassName = classNameMain;
::RegisterClassExW( &wcexMain );
// Register content window class
const wchar_t classNameContent[] = L"ContentWindow";
WNDCLASSEXW wcexContent = { sizeof( wcexContent ) };
wcexContent.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
wcexContent.lpfnWndProc = WndProcContent;
wcexContent.hCursor = ::LoadCursorW( NULL, IDC_ARROW );
wcexContent.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)::GetStockObject( WHITE_BRUSH );
wcexContent.lpszClassName = classNameContent;
::RegisterClassExW( &wcexContent );
通过注册窗口类,我们可以继续并创建每个类的实例。请注意,内容窗口最初为零大小。实际大小是在父{s} WM_SIZE
处理程序中进一步计算的。
// Create main window
HWND hWndMain = ::CreateWindowW( classNameMain,
L"Constant AR",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_CLIPCHILDREN,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, 800, 800,
NULL,
NULL,
hInstance,
NULL );
// Create content window
g_hWndContent = ::CreateWindowW( classNameContent,
NULL,
WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE,
0, 0, 0, 0,
hWndMain,
NULL,
hInstance,
NULL );
其余部分是样板Windows应用程序代码:
// Show application
::ShowWindow( hWndMain, nCmdShow );
::UpdateWindow( hWndMain );
// Main message loop
MSG msg = { 0 };
while ( ::GetMessageW( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) > 0 )
{
::TranslateMessage( &msg );
::DispatchMessageW( &msg );
}
return (int)msg.wParam;
}
窗口类的行为是在Window Procedure内实现的:
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProcMain( HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ) {
switch ( message ) {
case WM_CLOSE:
::DestroyWindow( hWnd );
return 0;
case WM_DESTROY:
::PostQuitMessage( 0 );
return 0;
default:
break;
除了标准的消息处理之外,主窗口的窗口过程会调整内容的大小以适应主窗口大小的变化:
case WM_SIZE: {
const SIZE ar = { 800, 600 };
// Query new client area size
int clientWidth = LOWORD( lParam );
int clientHeight = HIWORD( lParam );
// Calculate new content size
int contentWidth = ::MulDiv( clientHeight, ar.cx, ar.cy );
int contentHeight = ::MulDiv( clientWidth, ar.cy, ar.cx );
// Adjust dimensions to fit inside client area
if ( contentWidth > clientWidth ) {
contentWidth = clientWidth;
contentHeight = ::MulDiv( contentWidth, ar.cy, ar.cx );
} else {
contentHeight = clientHeight;
contentWidth = ::MulDiv( contentHeight, ar.cx, ar.cy );
}
// Calculate offsets to center content
int offsetX = ( clientWidth - contentWidth ) / 2;
int offsetY = ( clientHeight - contentHeight ) / 2;
// Adjust content window position
::SetWindowPos( g_hWndContent,
NULL,
offsetX, offsetY,
contentWidth, contentHeight,
SWP_NOACTIVATE | SWP_NOOWNERZORDER | SWP_NOZORDER );
return 0;
}
}
return ::DefWindowProcW( hWnd, message, wParam, lParam );
}
内容窗口的窗口过程没有实现任何自定义行为,只是将所有消息转发到默认实现:
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProcContent( HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ) {
return ::DefWindowProcW( hWnd, message, wParam, lParam );
}