这是如何运作的:
def writer():
title = "Mr"
name = (lambda x: title + ' ' + x)
return name
writer("Bond")
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: writer() takes 0 positional arguments but 1 was given
who = writer()
who("Bond")
'Mr Bond'
所以lambda将位置参数x对吗?通过将函数对象writer()分配给'who'我以某种方式可以访问lambda?
答案 0 :(得分:2)
您正在返回一个函数,外部函数将关闭使用__closure__
方法创建一个闭包,因此仍然可以引用title
,因此可以在内部函数中使用它:
def writer():
title = "Mr"
name = (lambda x: title + ' ' + x)
return name
wr = writer()
print(wr.__closure__)
print(wr("foo"))
def writer():
title = "Mr"
def name(x):
return title + ' ' + x
return name
wr = writer()
print(wr.__closure__)
print(wr("foo"))
(<cell at 0x7eff4b221588: str object at 0x7eff4b11a500>,)
Mr foo
(<cell at 0x7eff49883108: str object at 0x7eff4b11a500>,)
Mr foo
如果您使用以下函数工厂,该工厂接受一个指数输入e
,您希望将内部函数中的x
提升为:
def exp(e):
def rse_to(x):
return x ** e
return rse_to
square = exp(2)
print(square(2)) # call inner function, returns 2 ** 2
在你的第一个函数中,你不会接受任何争论,所以你不能传递任何参数。你只是返回lambda函数,它接受一个位置参数。
def writer():
title = "Mr"
name = (lambda x: title + ' ' + x)
return name
wr = writer()
print(wr)
<function writer.<locals>.<lambda> at 0x7f60e699dbf8>
通过将arg传递给writer,你要做的就是定义一个没有args并试图传递给它的普通函数。
In [2]: def foo():
...: print("I take no args")
...:
In [3]: foo()
I take no args
In [4]: foo(2)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-4-3ab2f4e33a15> in <module>()
----> 1 foo(2)
TypeError: foo() takes 0 positional arguments but 1 was given