我想在我的App类的每个子类型上声明一个静态方法(比如void main(String..args))。
public aspect Aspects pertypewithin(App+) {
protected Class appClass;
after() : staticinitialization(App+) && !staticinitialization(App) {
StaticPart point = thisJoinPointStaticPart;
Signature signature = point.getSignature();
Class declaringType = signature.getDeclaringType();
this.appClass = declaringType;
}
public static void App.main(String...args) {
// how do i make this appear on every subtype of App, not just App
}
}
AspectJ可以实现吗?
答案 0 :(得分:1)
将一组非静态方法添加到多个类的通常模式是在一个方面中定义一个接口+实现方法,并使用declare parents
以使目标类实现接口。
不幸的是,这对于main
之类的静态方法不起作用,因为无法通过接口定义静态方法。另一方面,如果您有课程MyApp extends App
,则可以致电java -cp ... MyApp
,即会自动使用其父main
方法。
现在让我们假设由于某种原因,您希望生成的main
方法的内容在某种程度上不同。在这种情况下,您确实需要为每个类生成一个方法。为此,您可以使用AspectJ 1.8.2中引入的新功能,并在发行说明中进行了描述:annotation processing support。这是一些自洽的示例代码。我是从命令行编译的,因为从Eclipse开始我无法根据AspectJ维护者Andy Clement's description运行它。
好的,我们假设我们在名为java-src
的基目录中有两个项目目录。目录布局如下:
java-src
SO_AJ_ITD_AddMainMethodToAllSubclasses_AJ
src\de\scrum_master\app\App.java
src\de\scrum_master\app\BarApp.java
src\de\scrum_master\app\FooApp.java
compile_run.bat
SO_AJ_ITD_AddMainMethodToAllSubclasses_APT
src\de\scrum_master\app\EntryPoint.java
src\de\scrum_master\aspect\EntryPointProcessor.java
src\META-INF\services\javax.annotation.processing.Processor
在项目SO_AJ_ITD_AddMainMethodToAllSubclasses_AJ
中,我们有 Java类:
package de.scrum_master.app;
@EntryPoint
public class App {
public void doSomething() {
System.out.println("Doing something");
}
}
package de.scrum_master.app;
public class FooApp extends App {
public void doFoo() {
System.out.println("Doing foo");
}
public int add(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}
}
package de.scrum_master.app;
public class BarApp extends App {
public void doBar() {
System.out.println("Doing bar");
}
public int multiply(int a, int b) {
return a * b;
}
}
在项目SO_AJ_ITD_AddMainMethodToAllSubclasses_APT
中,我们有标记注释,我们META-INF
的{{1}}目录的注释处理器和处理器描述文件:
请注意:应用于课程时,注释为processor.jar
。这对于使注释处理器找到它很重要。
@Inherited
注释处理器为每个带注释的类创建一个方面。每个方面都做到以下几点:
package de.scrum_master.app;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Inherited;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Inherited
public @interface EntryPoint {}
方法main
doSomething()
APT的处理器描述文件package de.scrum_master.aspect;
import java.io.*;
import javax.tools.*;
import java.util.*;
import javax.annotation.processing.*;
import javax.lang.model.*;
import javax.lang.model.element.*;
import de.scrum_master.app.EntryPoint;
@SupportedAnnotationTypes(value = { "*" })
@SupportedSourceVersion(SourceVersion.RELEASE_7)
public class EntryPointProcessor extends AbstractProcessor {
private Filer filer;
@Override
public void init(ProcessingEnvironment env) {
filer = env.getFiler();
}
@Override
public boolean process(Set<? extends TypeElement> elements, RoundEnvironment env) {
// Discover elements marked with @EntryPoint
for (Element element : env.getElementsAnnotatedWith(EntryPoint.class)) {
// Skip non-class elements
if (element.getKind() != ElementKind.CLASS)
continue;
String packageName = element.getEnclosingElement().toString().substring(8);
String className = element.getSimpleName().toString();
String aspectName = "MainMethodAspect_" + className;
// For each marked class, create an aspect adding a 'main' method
String aspectSource = createAspectSource(element, packageName, className, aspectName);
writeAspectSourceToDisk(element, packageName, aspectName, aspectSource);
}
return true;
}
private String createAspectSource(Element element, String packageName, String className, String aspectName) {
String variableName = className.substring(0, 1).toLowerCase() + className.substring(1);
StringBuilder aspectSource = new StringBuilder()
.append("package " + packageName + ";\n\n")
.append("public aspect " + aspectName + " {\n")
.append(" public static void " + className + ".main(String[] args) {\n")
.append(" " + className + " " + variableName + " = new " + className + "();\n")
.append(" " + variableName + ".doSomething();\n");
for (Element childElement : element.getEnclosedElements()) {
// Skip everything which is not a non-static method
if (childElement.getKind() != ElementKind.METHOD || childElement.getModifiers().contains(Modifier.STATIC))
continue;
ExecutableElement method = (ExecutableElement) childElement;
// Skip methods with parameters or named 'doSomething'
if (!method.getParameters().isEmpty() || method.getSimpleName().toString().equals("doSomething"))
continue;
// Add call to found method
aspectSource.append(" " + variableName + "." + method.getSimpleName() + "();\n");
}
aspectSource
.append(" }\n")
.append("}\n");
return aspectSource.toString();
}
private void writeAspectSourceToDisk(Element element, String packageName, String aspectName, String aspectSource) {
try {
JavaFileObject file = filer.createSourceFile(packageName + "." + aspectName, element);
file.openWriter().append(aspectSource).close();
System.out.println("Generated aspect " + packageName + "." + aspectName + " to advise " + element);
} catch (IOException ioe) {
// Message "already created" can appear if processor runs more than once
if (!ioe.getMessage().contains("already created"))
ioe.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
如下所示:
src\META-INF\services\javax.annotation.processing.Processor
如何编译和运行:最后,但并非最不重要的是(Windows)批处理文件de.scrum_master.aspect.EntryPointProcessor
SO_AJ_ITD_AddMainMethodToAllSubclasses_AJ\compile_run.bat
方法是否实际按预期工作:main
控制台输出:如果运行批处理文件,输出应如下所示:
@echo off
set SRC_PATH=C:\Users\Alexander\Documents\java-src
set ASPECTJ_HOME=C:\Program Files\Java\AspectJ
echo Building annotation processor
cd "%SRC_PATH%\SO_AJ_ITD_AddMainMethodToAllSubclasses_APT"
rmdir /s /q bin
del /q processor.jar
call "%ASPECTJ_HOME%\bin\ajc.bat" -8 -sourceroots src -d bin -cp "c:\Program Files\Java\AspectJ\lib\aspectjrt.jar"
jar -cvf processor.jar -C src META-INF -C bin .
echo.
echo Generating aspects and building project
cd "%SRC_PATH%\SO_AJ_ITD_AddMainMethodToAllSubclasses_AJ"
rmdir /s /q bin .apt_generated
call "%ASPECTJ_HOME%\bin\ajc.bat" -8 -sourceroots src -d bin -s .apt_generated -cp "c:\Program Files\Java\AspectJ\lib\aspectjrt.jar";..\SO_AJ_ITD_AddMainMethodToAllSubclasses_APT\processor.jar
echo.
echo Running de.scrum_master.app.App
java -cp bin;"c:\Program Files\Java\AspectJ\lib\aspectjrt.jar" de.scrum_master.app.App
echo.
echo Running de.scrum_master.app.FooApp
java -cp bin;"c:\Program Files\Java\AspectJ\lib\aspectjrt.jar" de.scrum_master.app.FooApp
echo.
echo Running de.scrum_master.app.BarApp
java -cp bin;"c:\Program Files\Java\AspectJ\lib\aspectjrt.jar" de.scrum_master.app.BarApp
如果您查看Building annotation processor
Manifest wurde hinzugefügt
Eintrag META-INF/ wird ignoriert
META-INF/services/ wird hinzugefügt(ein = 0) (aus = 0)(0 % gespeichert)
META-INF/services/javax.annotation.processing.Processor wird hinzugefügt(ein = 43) (aus = 45)(-4 % verkleinert)
de/ wird hinzugefügt(ein = 0) (aus = 0)(0 % gespeichert)
de/scrum_master/ wird hinzugefügt(ein = 0) (aus = 0)(0 % gespeichert)
de/scrum_master/app/ wird hinzugefügt(ein = 0) (aus = 0)(0 % gespeichert)
de/scrum_master/app/EntryPoint.class wird hinzugefügt(ein = 430) (aus = 253)(41 % verkleinert)
de/scrum_master/aspect/ wird hinzugefügt(ein = 0) (aus = 0)(0 % gespeichert)
de/scrum_master/aspect/EntryPointProcessor.class wird hinzugefügt(ein = 5782) (aus = 2617)(54 % verkleinert)
Generating aspects and building project
Generated aspect de.scrum_master.app.MainMethodAspect_App to advise de.scrum_master.app.App
Generated aspect de.scrum_master.app.MainMethodAspect_BarApp to advise de.scrum_master.app.BarApp
Generated aspect de.scrum_master.app.MainMethodAspect_FooApp to advise de.scrum_master.app.FooApp
Running de.scrum_master.app.App
Doing something
Running de.scrum_master.app.FooApp
Doing something
Doing foo
Running de.scrum_master.app.BarApp
Doing something
Doing bar
下的注释处理器生成的文件,您会发现三个类看起来像这样(我只显示其中一个作为示例):< / p>
SO_AJ_ITD_AddMainMethodToAllSubclasses_AJ\.apt_generated
很抱歉这个长篇答案,但除了创建一个GitHub回购并指向那里之外,我不得不提及它以使其可重现。
享受!