Question

我有一个令人困惑的问题。我在Linux上安装了Oracle 11g，运行正常。我能够使用基于SID的连接字符串（例如

）从其他计算机远程连接

sqlplus myschema@192.168.184.102:1521:orcl

然后由于一些莫名其妙的原因，它停止了工作。我不确定我或其他人是如何松动的。

现在我只能使用基于SERVICE_NAME或TNSNAME的方法远程连接

sqlplus myschema@192.168.184.102:1521/orcl

sqlplus myschema@ORCL

这两个工作都很好，但是我的应用程序依赖于我可以更改的SID连接模式。某种善良的灵魂可以帮助我找出我所缺少的东西

以下是我的配置：

LISTENER.ORA：

[oracle@dbora112 ~]$ cat  /opt/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /opt/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dbora112)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /opt/u01/app/oracle

LISTENER STATUS：

[oracle@dbora112 ~]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 04-MAR-2015 14:50:05

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Start Date                04-MAR-2015 14:37:12
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 12 min. 52 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /opt/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /opt/u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/dbora112/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=dbora112)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

TNSNAMES.ORA：

[oracle@dbora112 ~]$ cat /opt/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /opt/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

ORCL =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.184.102)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SID = orcl)
    )
  )

LISTENER_ORCL =
  (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.184.102)(PORT = 1521))

SQLNET：

[oracle@dbora112 ~]$ cat /opt/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora
# sqlnet.ora Network Configuration File: /opt/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, EZCONNECT)

ADR_BASE = /opt/u01/app/oracle

使用TNS可以连接没问题

[oracle@dbora112 ~]$ sqlplus schema/xxx@ORCL

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Wed Mar 4 14:54:10 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL>

使用服务名称

可以连接没问题

[oracle@dbora112 ~]$ sqlplus schema/xxx@192.168.184.102/ORCL

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Wed Mar 4 14:55:52 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL>

无法与SID连接

[oracle@dbora112 ~]$ sqlplus schema/xxx@192.168.184.102:orcl

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Wed Mar 4 14:56:38 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

ERROR:
ORA-12545: Connect failed because target host or object does not exist

数据库实例（SID）

SQL> select instance_name from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME
----------------
orcl

Answer 1

由于您可以连接TNS别名，并且在连接描述中使用SID，因此SID正在运行。

但您的EasyConnect字符串不正确。 From the SQL*Plus documentation：

简单或缩写的连接标识符具有以下语法：

[//]host[:port][/service_name]

您不能将SID与Easy Connect一起使用，只能使用服务名称;所以你的连接使用：

sqlplus schema/xxx@192.168.184.102:orcl

甚至

sqlplus schema/xxx@192.168.184.102:1521:orcl

......永远不会有效。可以使用旧样式将该表单与JDBC URL一起使用：

jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.184.102:1521:orcl

...但这与SQL * Plus连接不同，尽管看起来很相似。

如果您正在尝试检查该表单的JDBC连接是否有效，则无法使用SQL * Plus执行此操作，但是您的TNS别名检查正在验证它是否按预期设置 - 只要它使用相同的主机，端口和SID。使用较新的JDBC语法可能会更好，但从问题来看，你无法改变它。

ORA-12545：Oracle SID突然停止工作

2 个答案: