Question

我正在尝试编写Python脚本，该脚本在Mac OS中使用python打印活动窗口的标题。

这是我的代码：

from AppKit import NSWorkspace
active_app_name = NSWorkspace.sharedWorkspace().frontmostApplication().localizedName()
print active_app_name

此代码只打印应用程序的名称，如Google Chrome或firefox，但不打印标题。如何获得窗口的标题？

Answer 1

以下是我曾经使用Quartz API在Mac OS X上使用Python查找活动应用程序名称和窗口标题的内容。

首先，我们需要根据需要添加导入：

if sys.platform == "darwin":
    import applescript
    from AppKit import NSWorkspace
    from Quartz import (
        CGWindowListCopyWindowInfo,
        kCGWindowListOptionOnScreenOnly,
        kCGNullWindowID
    )

然后我们可以通过以下代码获取有效的应用名称和窗口标题：

def getActiveInfo(event_window_num):
    try:
        if sys.platform == "darwin":
            app = NSWorkspace.sharedWorkspace().frontmostApplication()
            active_app_name = app.localizedName()

            options = kCGWindowListOptionOnScreenOnly
            windowList = CGWindowListCopyWindowInfo(options, kCGNullWindowID)
            windowTitle = 'Unknown'
            for window in windowList:
                windowNumber = window['kCGWindowNumber']
                ownerName = window['kCGWindowOwnerName']
                # geometry = window['kCGWindowBounds']
                windowTitle = window.get('kCGWindowName', u'Unknown')
                if windowTitle and (
                                event_window_num == windowNumber
                        or ownerName == active_app_name
                ):
                    # log.debug(
                    #     'ownerName=%s, windowName=%s, x=%s, y=%s, '
                    #     'width=%s, height=%s'
                    #     % (window['kCGWindowOwnerName'],
                    #        window.get('kCGWindowName', u'Unknown'),
                    #        geometry['X'],
                    #        geometry['Y'],
                    #        geometry['Width'],
                    #        geometry['Height']))
                    break

            return _review_active_info(active_app_name, windowTitle)
        if sys.platform == "win32":
            (active_app_name, windowTitle) = _getActiveInfo_Win32()
            return _review_active_info(active_app_name, windowTitle)
    except:
        log.error('Unexpected error: %s' % sys.exc_info()[0])
        log.error('error line number: %s' % sys.exc_traceback.tb_lineno)
    return 'Unknown', 'Unknown'

Answer 2

NSWorkspace.sharedWorkspace().activeApplication()无权访问应用标题。

但您可以通过PID找到当前窗口标题：

例如：

from AppKit import NSWorkspace
pid = NSWorkspace.sharedWorkspace().activeApplication()['NSApplicationProcessIdentifier']

然后使用下面的代码找到正确的窗口（它存储在kCGWindowOwnerPID中），如下面的代码所示：

以下是基于@JakeW's script的完整shell示例：

#!/usr/bin/python
# Prints list of windows in the current workspace.
import sys
if sys.platform == "darwin":
    from AppKit import NSWorkspace
    from Quartz import (
        CGWindowListCopyWindowInfo,
        kCGWindowListOptionOnScreenOnly,
        kCGNullWindowID
    )

if sys.platform == "darwin":
    curr_app = NSWorkspace.sharedWorkspace().frontmostApplication()
    curr_pid = NSWorkspace.sharedWorkspace().activeApplication()['NSApplicationProcessIdentifier']
    curr_app_name = curr_app.localizedName()
    options = kCGWindowListOptionOnScreenOnly
    windowList = CGWindowListCopyWindowInfo(options, kCGNullWindowID)
    for window in windowList:
        pid = window['kCGWindowOwnerPID']
        windowNumber = window['kCGWindowNumber']
        ownerName = window['kCGWindowOwnerName']
        geometry = window['kCGWindowBounds']
        windowTitle = window.get('kCGWindowName', u'Unknown')
        if curr_pid == pid:
            print("%s - %s (PID: %d, WID: %d): %s" % (ownerName, windowTitle.encode('ascii','ignore'), pid, windowNumber, geometry))
elif sys.platform == "win32":
    (active_app_name, windowTitle) = _getActiveInfo_Win32()

它将列出当前活动窗口的详细信息，包括其标题。

Answer 3

从 macOS 10.6 及更高版本开始，最好使用：frontmostApplication，如果您想列出所有应用程序，您可以调用 runningApplications 方法。

您可以在https://developer.apple.com/documentation/appkit/nsworkspace#overview

查看更多详情

例如：

from AppKit import NSWorkspace
NSWorkspace.sharedWorkspace().runningApplications() // for getting all applications
NSWorkspace.sharedWorkspace().frontmostApplication() // for active window

如何在Mac中使用Python获取活动窗口标题？

3 个答案: