Question

不幸的是，我没有在互联网上找到任何有用的东西 - 我想知道，我实际需要输入什么代码来初始化应用程序而不使用Swift中的storyboard或XIB文件。我知道我必须有一个名为.swift的{{1}}文件。但我不知道在那里写什么（就像我需要autoreleasepool或类似的东西？）。例如，我将如何初始化main以及如何将NSMenu添加到活动窗口（iOS的类似NSViewController无效）。谢谢你的帮助;）

编辑：我实际上不想在.rootViewController前面使用@NSApplicationMain。我宁愿知道那里到底发生了什么，然后自己做。

Answer 1

如果您不想拥有@NSApplicationMain属性，请执行：

有一个文件main.swift

添加以下顶级代码：

import Cocoa

let delegate = AppDelegate() //alloc main app's delegate class
NSApplication.sharedApplication().delegate = delegate //set as app's delegate

// Old versions:
// NSApplicationMain(C_ARGC, C_ARGV)
NSApplicationMain(Process.argc, Process.unsafeArgv);  //start of run loop

其余的应该在您的app委托中。 e.g：

import Cocoa

class AppDelegate: NSObject, NSApplicationDelegate {
    var newWindow: NSWindow?
    var controller: ViewController?

    func applicationDidFinishLaunching(aNotification: NSNotification) {
        newWindow = NSWindow(contentRect: NSMakeRect(10, 10, 300, 300), styleMask: .resizable, backing: .buffered, defer: false)

        controller = ViewController()
        let content = newWindow!.contentView! as NSView
        let view = controller!.view
        content.addSubview(view)

        newWindow!.makeKeyAndOrderFront(nil)
    }
}

然后你有一个viewController

import Cocoa

class ViewController : NSViewController {
    override func loadView() {
        let view = NSView(frame: NSMakeRect(0,0,100,100))
        view.wantsLayer = true
        view.layer?.borderWidth = 2
        view.layer?.borderColor = NSColor.red.cgColor
        self.view = view
    }
}

Answer 2

上面的顶级代码示例不再适用于最新版本的Xcode。而是使用它：

import Cocoa

let delegate = AppDelegate() //alloc main app's delegate class
NSApplication.shared().delegate = delegate //set as app's delegate

let ret = NSApplicationMain(CommandLine.argc, CommandLine.unsafeArgv)

Answer 3

在Swift 4中它又稍微改变了，

主文件必须

import Cocoa

let delegate = AppDelegate()
NSApplication.shared.delegate = delegate

NSApplicationMain(CommandLine.argc, CommandLine.unsafeArgv)

AppDelegate必须

import Cocoa


class AppDelegate: NSObject, NSApplicationDelegate {
    var newWindow: NSWindow?
    var controller: ViewController?

    func applicationDidFinishLaunching(_ aNotification: Notification) {
        newWindow = NSWindow(contentRect: NSMakeRect(10, 10, 300, 300), styleMask: .resizable, backing: .buffered, defer: false)

        controller = ViewController()
        let content = newWindow!.contentView! as NSView
        let view = controller!.view
        content.addSubview(view)

        newWindow!.makeKeyAndOrderFront(nil)
    }
}

视图控制器是相同的

Answer 4

Xcode 11 / iOS13-情况已更改

简而言之：

您必须删除info.plist中的两行，并在新类 SceneDelegate

详细信息：

在Info.plist中删除此行...

…和这一行（不太容易找到）：

在新的 SceneDelegate 中，发生了一种新的魔术，用于初始化我们自己的UIWindow实例。

class SceneDelegate: UIResponder, UIWindowSceneDelegate {

var window: UIWindow?

func scene(_ scene: UIScene, willConnectTo session: UISceneSession, options connectionOptions: UIScene.ConnectionOptions) {

    // we try to cast the scene (UIScene) as UIWindowScene
    guard let windowScene = (scene as? UIWindowScene) else { return }

    // We create our window ourselfes and assign this windowScene to its property 'windowScene'
    window = UIWindow(frame: windowScene.coordinateSpace.bounds)
    window?.windowScene = windowScene

    // and then as always assign any rootViewController
    window?.rootViewController = WelcomeVC()

    // and make the window key and visible
    window?.makeKeyAndVisible()
}

}

没有使用Swift的storyboard或xib文件的OSX应用程序

4 个答案: