所以我有一个函数用于检查值并在值无效时抛出异常,否则在收到值时将值传回。我试图用普遍的崇敬和类型特征来概括这个例程。我觉得我很接近,因为我的例子在某些情况下起作用,但不是全部。它似乎只适用于右值。
#include <iostream>
#include <utility>
#include <type_traits>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
struct error_type{};
template <class T>
class has_empty
{
template<class U, class = typename std::enable_if<std::is_member_pointer<decltype(&U::empty)>::value>::type>
static std::true_type check(int);
template <class>
static std::false_type check(...);
public:
static constexpr bool value = decltype(check<T>(0))::value;
};
template <bool invalid>
struct valid {};
template <>
struct valid<false>
{
template<typename U, typename E>
static inline U&& check(U&& toCheck, const E& toThrow)
{
if (!toCheck)
std::cout << "NoEmpty Throw" << '\n';
else
std::cout << "NoEmpty valid" << '\n';
return std::forward<U>(toCheck);
}
};
template <>
struct valid<true>
{
template<typename U, typename E>
static inline U&& check(U&& toCheck, const E& toThrow)
{
if (toCheck.empty())
std::cout << "HasEmpty Throw" << '\n';
else
std::cout << "HasEmpty valid" << '\n';
return std::forward<U>(toCheck);
}
};
template<typename T
, typename E
, typename = typename std::enable_if<std::is_base_of<error_type, E>::value>::type>
inline T&& do_check(T&& toCheck, const E& toThrow)
{
return valid<has_empty<T>::value>::check(std::forward<T>(toCheck), toThrow);
}
struct HasEmpty
{
bool empty() {return false;}
};
struct NoEmpty
{
};
int main()
{
error_type e;
cout << has_empty<std::wstring>::value << '\n';
cout << has_empty<std::vector<std::wstring>>::value << '\n';
cout << has_empty<int>::value << '\n';
cout << has_empty<HasEmpty>::value << '\n';
cout << has_empty<NoEmpty>::value << '\n';
do_check(true, e);
do_check(false, e);
do_check(std::string("45"), e);
do_check(HasEmpty(), e);
do_check(std::vector<bool>(), e);
HasEmpty he;
do_check(std::move(he), e);
//do_check(he, e); // does not work, has_empty<T>::value is 0
}
生成输出
1
1
0
1
0
NoEmpty valid
NoEmpty Throw
HasEmpty valid
HasEmpty valid
HasEmpty Throw
HasEmpty valid
如果我取消注释最后一行,我会收到以下错误:
prog.cpp: In instantiation of 'static T&& valid<false, T, E>::check(T&&, const E&) [with T = HasEmpty&; E = error_type]':
prog.cpp:56:84: required from 'T&& do_check(T&&, const E&) [with T = HasEmpty&; E = error_type; <template-parameter-1-3> = void]'
prog.cpp:87:19: required from here
prog.cpp:30:11: error: no match for 'operator!' (operand type is 'HasEmpty')
if (!toCheck)
^
prog.cpp:30:11: note: candidate is:
prog.cpp:30:11: note: operator!(bool) <built-in>
prog.cpp:30:11: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'HasEmpty' to 'bool'
has_empty<T>::value
似乎正在评估false
。我相信我可以做一个不同的工作来使这个工作,所以在这一点上它是一种学术。不过,任何帮助都会受到赞赏。
答案 0 :(得分:3)
在您的示例中将左值传递给do_check
deduces T
as HasEmpty&
时。当然,引用类型没有名为empty
的成员函数,表达式decltype(&U::empty)
格式错误,导致static std::true_type check(int)
重载导致SFINAE出现。
如果您更换
static constexpr bool value = decltype(check<T>(0))::value;
与
static constexpr bool value = decltype(check<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>(0))::value;
因此U
永远不是引用类型,您的代码按预期工作。