我正在尝试在DRF 3中创建一个参考应用程序,以演示可以创建/更新模型的嵌套序列化程序。下面的示例代码在**之后使用“* create()参数进行炸弹,在尝试创建嵌套模型时必须是映射,而不是列表*”。我也不清楚我如何处理.update(),因为在某些情况下我只想建立其他关系(人)。
样本模型:
from django.db import models
class Person(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=128)
class Group(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=128)
persons = models.ManyToManyField(Person, through='Membership')
class Membership(models.Model):
person = models.ForeignKey(Person)
group = models.ForeignKey(Group)
序列化器和视图集:
from rest_framework.serializers import ModelSerializer
from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet
from app.models import Group, Person
class PersonSerializer(ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Person
class GroupSerializer(ModelSerializer):
persons = PersonSerializer(many=True)
def create(self, validated_data):
persons = validated_data.pop('persons')
group = Group.objects.create(**validated_data)
if persons: # Bombs without this check
Person.objects.create(group=group, **persons) # Errors here
return group
class Meta:
model = Group
class PersonModelViewSet(ModelViewSet):
serializer_class = PersonSerializer
queryset = Person.objects.all()
class GroupModelViewSet(ModelViewSet):
serializer_class = GroupSerializer
queryset = Group.objects.all()
我正在尝试发布一些插入一个包含两个(相关)人员的JSON:
{
"persons": [
{ "name" : "name 1" },
{ "name" : "name 2" }
],
"name": "group name 1"
}
答案 0 :(得分:12)
我不知道是否有更简单的方法,但我设法使其工作的唯一方法是在组序列化器中引用“通过”模型“成员资格”并为.create()编写自定义代码。 .update()。这似乎只是设置M2M FK的很多工作。如果有人知道更好的方式,我很乐意听到它。
class GroupMembershipSerializer(ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Membership
fields = ('person',)
class GroupCreateSerializer(ModelSerializer):
memberships = GroupMembershipSerializer(many=True, required=False)
def create(self, validated_data):
person_data = validated_data.pop('memberships')
group = Group.objects.create(**validated_data)
for person in person_data:
d=dict(person)
Membership.objects.create(group=group, person=d['person'])
return group
def update(self, instance, validated_data):
person_data = validated_data.pop('memberships')
for item in validated_data:
if Group._meta.get_field(item):
setattr(instance, item, validated_data[item])
Membership.objects.filter(group=instance).delete()
for person in person_data:
d=dict(person)
Membership.objects.create(group=instance, person=d['person'])
instance.save()
return instance
class Meta:
model = Group
class GroupCreateModelViewSet(ModelViewSet):
serializer_class = GroupCreateSerializer
queryset = Group.objects.all()
因此,您可以使用以下方式创建一个包含相关人员的新组:
{
"name" : "Group 1",
"memberships" : [
{ "person" : 1 },
{ "person" : 2 }
]
}
答案 1 :(得分:10)
使用此处显示的PrimaryKeyRelatedField
:
http://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/relations/#primarykeyrelatedfield
class GroupSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
persons = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(
many=True, queryset=Person.objects.all())
class Meta:
model = Group
fields = ('name', 'persons')
例如,首先创建每个人。 ID为1的人,姓名=" Bob"。 ID为2的人,姓名=" Tim"。然后使用他们的primary keys
So:
# Group create() REST endpoint data to POST
{'name': 'my group', 'persons': [1, 2]}
现在,您之前创建的人员是该组的成员。