首先，我已经阅读了StackOverflow和其他地方的许多指南和帖子，但仍然没有解决这个问题。我最近一直试图了解套接字，这证明是一个挑战。我已经了解如何使用带字符串等的套接字但我知道要开始发送对象，以便我可以更好地组织我的程序。我正在聊天客户端;服务器将连接多个客户端，它会像IRC一样工作。我已经完成了服务器的基础知识;我有方法来检查收到的数据包类型（所有数据包都继承自Packet），并有一个非常基本的switch语句，根据收到的数据包采取行动。在此之前，我显然需要将套接字中收到的byte[]转换为Packet。当我试图反序列化字节数组时，问题出现了。我在我调用的行上获得了一个SerilizationException .Deserialize（）;这是文字：
System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationException未处理 用户代码HResult = -2146233076消息=无法找到程序集 'Client，Version = 1.0.0.0，Culture = neutral，PublicKeyToken = null'。
我不明白为什么会这样;我曾尝试编写不同的反序列化数组的方法，添加随机的if语句以确保我没有传递一个空数组（我不是这样）但是不能让它在我的生活中工作。我希望有人可以指出我做错了什么？我是否会通过套接字发送对象错误？我是否只是错过了我的代码中的基本内容？
我已经包含了我的客户端的准系统（它所做的只是发送一个带有字符串的MessagePacket，我的服务器也包括在内。现在，这个程序不是最漂亮的，所以我道歉提前;这对我来说都是一个学习曲线！
服务器：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.NetworkInformation;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using Chat_Application.Packets;
namespace Chat_Application
{
class Server
{
private const int port = 1090;
private readonly ManualResetEvent allDone;
private readonly Dictionary<String, Socket> connections; // will hold all client sockets
private readonly IPAddress ipAddress;
private readonly IPEndPoint ipEndPoint;
private readonly Thread listenThread; // seperate thread to run the server
private readonly Socket serverSocket;
public Server()
{
serverSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
connections = new Dictionary<string, Socket>();
ipAddress = IPAddress.Parse(GetLocalIPv4(NetworkInterfaceType.Ethernet));
ipEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(ipAddress, port);
listenThread = new Thread(StartListen);
allDone = new ManualResetEvent(false);
}
//called to start the new thread
public void Start()
{
listenThread.Start();
}
//TODO: implement this method
public void Stop()
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
//method that is run on the new server thread
public void StartListen()
{
serverSocket.Bind(ipEndPoint);
serverSocket.Listen(20);
String statusUpdate = "\n<INFO> Socket bound, listening for connections...";
Program.mainWin.AddConsoleText(statusUpdate);
while (true)
{
allDone.Reset();
serverSocket.BeginAccept(AcceptConnectionAsync, serverSocket);
allDone.WaitOne();
}
}
//Asynchronus method to recieve connections. The logic of the way things are done is not great, it is only temporary while I learn better ways to do things
public void AcceptConnectionAsync(IAsyncResult ar)
{
var bufferBytes = new byte[1024];
Packet packet = null;
allDone.Set();
var listener = (Socket) ar.AsyncState;
var client = listener.EndAccept(ar);
client.Receive(bufferBytes);
packet = ConvertPacket(bufferBytes);
switch (CheckPacketType(packet))
{
case PacketType.Message:
packet = ConvertPacket(bufferBytes);
var messagePacket = (MessagePacket) packet;
String userMessage = "(" + messagePacket.userName + ") " +
Encoding.UTF8.GetString(messagePacket.message);
Program.mainWin.AddConsoleText(userMessage);
break;
case PacketType.Connection:
packet = ConvertPacket(bufferBytes);
var connectionPacket = (Connect) packet;
String connectionMessage = "\n<CONNECT>New connection established to " +
connectionPacket.userName;
connections.Add(connectionPacket.userName, client);
Program.mainWin.AddConsoleText(connectionMessage);
break;
case PacketType.Command:
// TODO Implement this case, add new packet type
packet = ConvertPacket(bufferBytes);
var commandPacket = (MessagePacket) packet;
break;
case PacketType.Disconnect:
packet = ConvertPacket(bufferBytes);
var disconnectPacket = (Dissconnect) packet;
String disconnectMessage = "\n<DISCONNECT>User " + disconnectPacket.userName +
" Disconnected succesffuly";
connections.Remove(disconnectPacket.userName);
if (disconnectPacket.goodDissconnect)
{
Program.mainWin.AddConsoleText(disconnectMessage);
}
else
{
String message = "\n<DISCONNECT>User " + disconnectPacket.userName +
" Disconnected unexpectedly";
Program.mainWin.AddConsoleText(message);
}
break;
case PacketType.Request:
// TODO Implement this case, add new packet type
packet = ConvertPacket(bufferBytes);
var requestPacket = (MessagePacket) packet;
break;
case PacketType.Default:
MessageBox.Show("Packet Error", "Empty Packet Recieved");
break;
default:
break;
}
}
//used to check what type of packet has been recieved
private PacketType CheckPacketType(Packet packet)
{
switch (packet.type)
{
case PacketType.Message:
return PacketType.Message;
break;
case PacketType.Connection:
return PacketType.Connection;
break;
case PacketType.Command:
return PacketType.Command;
break;
case PacketType.Disconnect:
return PacketType.Disconnect;
break;
case PacketType.Request:
return PacketType.Request;
break;
default:
break;
}
return PacketType.Default;
}
//converts the byte array to a packet
private Packet ConvertPacket(byte[] bytes)
{
Packet packet = null;
//try to convert byte array to a Packet, the error occurs on the last line; when trying to de-serialize
/*try
{*/
var memStream = new MemoryStream();
var binForm = new BinaryFormatter();
memStream.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
memStream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
packet = (Packet) binForm.Deserialize(memStream);
//}
/*catch (Exception) // MAKE THIS THE APPROPRIATE EXCEPTION
{
MessageBox.Show("An unexpected error has occured when atempting to convert a packet!");
}*/
if (packet != null)
{
return packet;
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("Error converting packet!");
return null;
}
}
//gets the local ip
public string GetLocalIPv4(NetworkInterfaceType _type)
{
var output = "";
foreach (var item in NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces())
{
if (item.NetworkInterfaceType == _type && item.OperationalStatus == OperationalStatus.Up)
{
foreach (var ip in item.GetIPProperties().UnicastAddresses)
{
if (ip.Address.AddressFamily == AddressFamily.InterNetwork)
{
output = ip.Address.ToString();
}
}
}
}
return output;
}
}
}
客户端：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.NetworkInformation;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using Chat_Application.Packets;
namespace Client
{
public partial class ClientWindow : Form
{
public ClientWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void ClientWindow_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
MessagePacket packet = new MessagePacket("Chris", "Hello Server!");
byte[] data;
Socket socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
socket.Connect(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse(GetLocalIPv4(NetworkInterfaceType.Ethernet)), 1090));
packet.type = PacketType.Message;
data = ConvertPacket(packet);
//to check if the packet has been converted correctly
if (data != null)
{
socket.Send(data);
}
}
public string GetLocalIPv4(NetworkInterfaceType _type)
{
string output = "";
foreach (NetworkInterface item in NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces())
{
if (item.NetworkInterfaceType == _type && item.OperationalStatus == OperationalStatus.Up)
{
foreach (UnicastIPAddressInformation ip in item.GetIPProperties().UnicastAddresses)
{
if (ip.Address.AddressFamily == AddressFamily.InterNetwork)
{
output = ip.Address.ToString();
}
}
}
}
return output;
}
private byte[] ConvertPacket(Packet packet)
{
byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
{
formatter.Serialize(ms, packet);
bytes = ms.ToArray();
}
return bytes;
}
}
}
答案 0 :(得分：1)
这个例外对我来说非常清楚。当您尝试反序列化数据时，显然找不到序列化数据时引用的Client程序集。
不幸的是，您的代码示例不包含有关您声明Packet类的位置和方式的信息。但根据您报告的行为，我似乎可能已将相同的.cs文件链接到两个不同的项目，结果是每个程序集都使用自己的Packet类型的私有副本。
如果是这种情况，那么问题至少有几个很好的解决方案：
Client.dll程序集中定义它，然后添加Client.dll程序集作为Server.dll程序集的参考。或者您可以构建包含该类型的第三个程序集，并使Client.dll和Server.dll程序集引用该第三个程序集。XmlSerializer。 XML不包含需要特定程序集来定义相关类型的类型信息。当使用XmlSerializer映射到.NET之外的XML（即无法共享公共程序集以定义类型）时，这种情况更常用，但这种方法可以解决您的具体问题也就个人而言，我选择＃1选项，并将该类型放入客户端和服务器共享的DLL中。