参考问题HERE
我们有两个字符串A和B,它们具有相同的超级字符集。我们 需要更改这些字符串以获得两个相等的字符串。在每一步中 我们可以执行以下操作之一:
1-交换字符串的两个连续字符
2-交换第一个和 字符串的最后一个字符可以对任一字符串执行移动。最低数量是多少? 为了获得两个相等的字符串我们需要的移动?输入 格式和约束:输入的第一行和第二行 包含两个字符串A和B.它保证超集它们的 人物是平等的。 1< = length(A)= length(B)< = 2000全部 输入字符在'a'和'z'之间
看起来这必须使用动态编程来解决。但我无法想出方程式。有人建议他们回答 - 但看起来并不合适。
dp[i][j] =
Min{
dp[i + 1][j - 1] + 1, if str1[i] = str2[j] && str1[j] = str2[i]
dp[i + 2][j] + 1, if str1[i] = str2[i + 1] && str1[i + 1] = str2[i]
dp[i][j - 2] + 1, if str1[j] = str2[j - 1] && str1[j - 1] = str2[j]
}
In short, it's
dp[i][j] = Min(dp[i + 1][j - 1], dp[i + 2][j], dp[i][j - 2]) + 1.
Here dp[i][j] means the number of minimum swaps needs to swap str1[i, j] to str2[i, j]. Here str1[i, j] means the substring of str1 starting from pos i to pos j :)
Here is an example like the one in the quesition,
str1 = "aab",
str2 = "baa"
dp[1][1] = 0 since str1[1] == str2[1];
dp[0][2] = str1[0 + 1][2 - 1] + 1 since str1[0] = str2[2] && str1[2] = str2[0].
答案 0 :(得分:1)
你有两个原子操作:
连续交换成本1
首先换取成本1
一个有趣的事实:
因此我们可以推导出更通用的操作
这个问题对我来说似乎不是二维的,或者我无法确定尺寸。把这个算法当作天真的方法:
private static int transform(String from, String to) {
int commonLength = to.length();
List<Solution> worklist = new ArrayList<>();
worklist.add(new Solution(0,from));
while (!worklist.isEmpty()) {
Solution item = worklist.remove(0);
if (item.remainder.length() == 0) {
return item.cost;
} else {
int toPosition = commonLength - item.remainder.length();
char expected = to.charAt(toPosition);
nextpos : for (int i = 0; i < item.remainder.length(); i++) {
if (item.remainder.charAt(i) == expected) {
Solution nextSolution = item.moveCharToBegin(i, commonLength);
for (Solution solution : worklist) {
if (solution.remainder.equals(nextSolution.remainder)) {
solution.cost = Math.min(solution.cost, nextSolution.cost);
continue nextpos;
}
}
worklist.add(nextSolution);
}
}
}
}
return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
}
private static class Solution {
public int cost;
public String remainder;
public Solution(int cost, String remainder) {
this.cost = cost;
this.remainder = remainder;
}
public Solution moveCharToBegin(int i, int length) {
int costOffset = Math.min(i, length - i); //minimum of forward and backward circular move
String newRemainder = remainder.substring(0, i) + remainder.substring(i + 1);
return new Solution(cost + costOffset, newRemainder);
}
}