Django，Python 3＆amp; Postgres - mod_wsgi问题

时间：2015-02-16 17:27:03

标签： python django apache mod-wsgi

我正在尝试为个人项目配置Django测试应用程序。我之前有Django的经验，但这完全是Python 2.7.x.我想在可能的情况下开始使用3.x，这个项目似乎是一个很好的开始。

Backend是一个标准的Postgres 9.4安装，Apache 2.4，Python 3.4在virtualenvwrapper中，操作系统是OSX 10.10。 mod_wsgi和mod_wsgi3都是通过homebrew安装的。

然而，有一些问题让mod_wsgi和mod_wsgi3与python 3一起工作。具体来说，./manage.py runserver 8080工作正常，但当我尝试使用Apache的虚拟主机配置时，我得到了

mod_wsgi (pid=29906): Target WSGI script '/Users/jason/projects/geocode_django/geodjango/geodjango/wsgi.py' cannot be loaded as Python module.
mod_wsgi (pid=29906): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/Users/jason/projects/geocode_django/geodjango/geodjango/wsgi.py'.
Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "/Users/jason/projects/geocode_django/geodjango/geodjango/wsgi.py", line 28, in <module>
    application = get_wsgi_application()
    File "/Users/jason/.virtualenvs/geodev_env3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/wsgi.py", line 14, in       get_wsgi_application
      django.setup()
    File "/Users/jason/.virtualenvs/geodev_env3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 21, in setup
      apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
    File "/Users/jason/.virtualenvs/geodev_env3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 108, in populate
     app_config.import_models(all_models)
    File "/Users/jason/.virtualenvs/geodev_env3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 197, in import_models
      self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
    File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 37, in import_module
       __import__(name)
    File "/Users/jason/.virtualenvs/geodev_env3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/models.py", line 40, in <module>
       class Permission(models.Model):
    File "/Users/jason/.virtualenvs/geodev_env3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 125, in __new__
       new_class.add_to_class('_meta', Options(meta, **kwargs))
    File "/Users/jason/.virtualenvs/geodev_env3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 300, in add_to_class
       value.contribute_to_class(cls, name)
    File "/Users/jason/.virtualenvs/geodev_env3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/models/options.py", line 166, in contribute_to_class
       self.db_table = truncate_name(self.db_table, connection.ops.max_name_length())
    File "/Users/jason/.virtualenvs/geodev_env3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 40, in __getattr__
       return getattr(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS], item)
    File "/Users/jason/.virtualenvs/geodev_env3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 242, in __getitem__
        backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
    File "/Users/jason/.virtualenvs/geodev_env3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 108, in load_backend
        return import_module('%s.base' % backend_name)
    File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 37, in import_module
        __import__(name)
    File "/Users/jason/.virtualenvs/geodev_env3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/db/backends/postgis/base.py", line 2, in <module>
        from django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2.base import DatabaseWrapper as Psycopg2DatabaseWrapper
    File "/Users/jason/.virtualenvs/geodev_env3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql_psycopg2/base.py", line 27, in <module>
        raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading psycopg2 module: %s" % e)
          ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading psycopg2 module: dlopen(/Users/jason/.virtualenvs/geodev_env3/lib/python3.4/  site-packages/psycopg2/_psycopg.so, 2): Symbol not found: _PyBytes_Type
        Referenced from: /Users/jason/.virtualenvs/geodev_env3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/psycopg2/_psycopg.so
          Expected in: flat namespace
          in /Users/jason/.virtualenvs/geodev_env3/lib/python3.4/site-packages/psycopg2/_psycopg.so

我的wsgi.py文件是

import os, sys, site

site.addsitedir("/Users/jason/.virtualenvs/geodev_env3/lib/python3.4/site-packages")

sys.path.append("/Users/jason/projects/geocode_django/geodjango")
sys.path.append("/Users/jason/projects/geocode_django/geodjango/geodjango")

os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "geodjango.settings")

with open("/Users/jason/.virtualenvs/geodev_env3/bin/activate_this.py") as f:
    code = compile(f.read(), "/Users/jason/.virtualenvs/geodev_env3/bin/activate_this.py", "exec")
    exec(code, dict(__file__="/Users/jason/.virtualenvs/geodev_env3/bin/activate_this.py"))

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
application = get_wsgi_application()

和virtualhost文件是：

LoadModule wsgi_module /usr/local/Cellar/mod_wsgi3/3.5/libexec/mod_wsgi.so

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName      dev.geocode.com
    ServerAlias     geocode.com
    ServerAdmin     jason@someschool.edu

    DocumentRoot    "/Users/jason/projects/geocode_django"
    Alias /static/ /Users/jason/projects/geocode_django/static/

    WSGIScriptAlias / /Users/jason/projects/geocode_django/geodjango/geodjango/wsgi.py

    <Directory /Users/jason/projects/geocode_django/static >
            require all granted
    </Directory>

    <Directory /Users/jason/projects/geocode_django/geodjango/geodjango >
            <Files wsgi.py >
                    Require all granted
            </Files>

    </Directory>

    CustomLog /Users/jason/projects/geocode_django/logs/access.log combined
    ErrorLog /Users/jason/projects/geocode_django/logs/error.log

</VirtualHost>

我的问题是，如果我有一个python 2.7 virtualenv，同一个虚拟主机，LoadModule指向

LoadModule wsgi_module /usr/local/Cellar/mod_wsgi/4.4.7/libexec/mod_wsgi.so

并替换

with open("/Users/jason/.virtualenvs/geodev_env3/bin/activate_this.py") as f:
    code = compile(f.read(), "/Users/jason/.virtualenvs/geodev_env3/bin/activate_this.py", "exec")
    exec(code, dict(__file__="/Users/jason/.virtualenvs/geodev_env3/bin/activate_this.py"))

在wsgi.py中

exec(open("/Users/jasonjohns/.virtualenvs/geocode_env/bin/activate_this.py").read())

我可以使用网址dev.geocode.com加载网站。否则，我会在日志文件中收到错误输出错误500页。

我原本以为这是psycopg2的问题，并提交了bug report。但是，开发人员关闭的问题是关注mod_wsgi而不是psycopg。

没有为我的本地环境编译mod_wsgi，有没有办法解决这个问题？

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：3)

通过mod_wsgi google小组提供Graham Dumpleton的提示，找到了解决方案。核心问题是mod_wsgi和brew install mod_wsgi安装的pip install mod_wsgi版本都是针对Python 2.7.x编译的。

另一件事。在pip返回python --version的系统上，Python 2.7.6将使用该Python版本来构建任何安装命令。如果您有Python 3.x，并且2.7.x和python --version返回Python 3.x.x，pip3 install ...将下载3.x兼容代码并为该Python版本构建。

解决方案是通过

删除两个安装 
brew uninstall mod_wsgi
pip uninstall mod_wsgi

并通过

安装 
pip3 install mod_wsgi

因此，Apache配置文件的LoadModule位置已更改为

/usr/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/mod_wsgi-4.4.9-py3.4-macosx-10.10-x86_64.egg/mod_wsgi/server/mod_wsgi-py34.so

请注意路径中的python3.4位置。

进行这些更改并重新启动Apache后，网站会按预期加载。

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