所以我试图制作一个二十一点的功能，然后抽取两张牌然后总计金额。我一直收到这个错误。
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:/Users/koopt_000/PycharmProjects/BlackJack/PlayBlackJack.py", line 36, in <module>
game()
File "C:/Users/koopt_000/PycharmProjects/BlackJack/PlayBlackJack.py", line 29, in game
card1 = Deck.deal()
TypeError: unbound method deal() must be called with Deck instance as first argument (got nothing instead)
这是我的完整代码。
class Card(object):
'''A simple playing card. A Card is characterized by two
components:
rank: an integer value in the range 2-14, inclusive (Two-Ace)
suit: a character in 'cdhs' for clubs, diamonds, hearts, and
spades.'''
#------------------------------------------------------------
SUITS = 'cdhs'
SUIT_NAMES = ['Clubs', 'Diamonds', 'Hearts', 'Spades']
RANKS = range(2,15)
RANK_NAMES = ['Two', 'Three', 'Four', 'Five', 'Six',
'Seven', 'Eight', 'Nine', 'Ten',
'Jack', 'Queen', 'King', 'Ace']
RANK_VALUES = [99, 99, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 10, 10, 10, 11]
#------------------------------------------------------------
def __init__(self, rank, suit):
'''Constructor
pre: rank in range(1,14) and suit in 'cdhs'
post: self has the given rank and suit'''
self.rank_num = rank
self.suit_char = suit
#------------------------------------------------------------
def getSuit(self):
'''Card suit
post: Returns the suit of self as a single character'''
return self.suit_char
#------------------------------------------------------------
def getRank(self):
'''Card rank
post: Returns the rank of self as an int'''
return self.rank_num
#------------------------------------------------------------
def getCardValue(self):
value = self.RANK_VALUES[self.rank_num]
return value
#------------------------------------------------------------
def suitName(self):
'''Card suit name
post: Returns one of ('clubs', 'diamonds', 'hearts',
'spades') corrresponding to self's suit.'''
index = self.SUITS.index(self.suit_char)
return self.SUIT_NAMES[index]
#------------------------------------------------------------
def rankName(self):
'''Card rank name
post: Returns one of ('ace', 'two', 'three', ..., 'king')
corresponding to self's rank.'''
index = self.RANKS.index(self.rank_num)
return self.RANK_NAMES[index]
#------------------------------------------------------------
def __str__(self):
'''String representation
post: Returns string representing self, e.g. 'Ace of Spades' '''
return self.rankName() + ' of ' + self.suitName()
#------------------------------------------------------------
from random import randrange
from Card import Card
from Hand import Hand
class Deck(object):
def __init__(self):
'''This creates the deck of cards, un-shuffled.'''
cards = []
for suit in Card.SUITS:
for rank in Card.RANKS:
cards.append(Card(rank,suit))
self.cards = cards
def size(self):
'''How many cards are left.'''
return len(self.cards)
def deal(self):
'''Deals a single card.
Pre: self.size() > 0
Post: Returns the next card in self, and removes it from self.'''
return self.cards.pop()
def shuffle(self):
'''This shuffles the deck so that the cards are in random order.'''
n = self.size()
cards = self.cards
for i,card in enumerate(cards):
pos = randrange(i,n)
cards[i] = cards[pos]
cards[pos] = card
def takeAHit(self, whatHand):
aCard = self.deal()
whatHand.addCard(aCard)
def __str__(self):
if self.size() == 52:
return 'The Deck is Full'
elif self.size() > 0:
return 'The Deck has been Used'
else:
return 'The Deck is Empty'
from Card import Card
class Hand(object):
"""A labeled collection of cards that can be sorted"""
#------------------------------------------------------------
def __init__(self, label=""):
"""Create an empty collection with the given label."""
self.label = label
self.cards = []
#------------------------------------------------------------
def add(self, card):
""" Add card to the hand """
self.cards.append(card)
#------------------------------------------------------------
def handTotal(self):
totalHand = 0
aceAmount = 0
for c in self.cards:
if c.getRank() == 14:
aceAmount += 1
totalHand +=c.getCardValue()
while aceAmount > 0:
if totalHand > 21:
aceAmount -= 1
totalHand -= 10
else:
break
return totalHand
def __str__(self):
if self.cards == []:
return "".join([(self.label), "doesn't have any cards."])
tempStringList = [ self. label, "'s Cards, "]
for c in self.cards:
tempStringList.append(str(c))
tempStringList.append(" , ")
tempStringList.pop()
tempStringList.append(" . ")
return "".join(tempStringList)
from Deck import Deck
from Card import Card
from Hand import Hand
def rules(playerTotal, dealerTotal):
if playerTotal > 21:
print "You busted!"
if dealerTotal == 21:
print 'To make it worse, dealer has 21.'
elif dealerTotal > 21:
print "The Dealer has busted. You win!"
elif playerTotal == 21:
print " You got 21! So you win!"
if dealerTotal == 21:
print "The Dealer also got 21. Tough Break."
elif dealerTotal == 21:
print "The Dealer got 21! Tough Break, you lose!"
else:
if playerTotal > dealerTotal:
print "You beat the Dealer! You got lucky punk."
if playerTotal == dealerTotal:
print "It is a push, no one wins!"
else:
print "Dealer wins! Better luck next time loser."
def game():
gameDeck = Deck()
gameDeck = gameDeck.shuffle()
player = raw_input("What is your name?")
card1 = Deck.deal()
card2 = Deck.deal()
playerHand = Hand(player)
playerHand = playerHand.add(card1,card2)
print playerHand.totalHand()
print gameDeck
我有什么遗漏因为我对此感到困惑。 编辑：我现在一直收到这个错误。
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:/Users/koopt_000/PycharmProjects/BlackJack/PlayBlackJack.py", line 33, in <module>
print gameDeck.deal()
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'deal'
Process finished with exit code 1
答案 0 :(得分：3)
Deck 是一个类 - 而不是一个对象
gameDeck.deal()
将起作用
让我详细说明一下 - 调用类作为函数 Deck（）创建类的对象，通过它可以调用类方法 - 如上所述。
Deck 是对类的引用 - 只有classmethods可以通过类引用调用。
关于“参数数量”的快速解释。与C ++ this 不同，Python在方法中没有对象实例的保留字。你必须在方法定义中明确地定义它 - 无处不在的 self （实际上是一个约定，而不是保留字）。
所以，当你调用一个对象的方法时 - 例如
playerHand.add(card1)
playerHand 是第一个参数， card1 是第二个参数
关于缩进 - 它们可能在您的代码中正常，但它们看起来并不正确。也许，你的代码中有标签？那些必须用空格代替。谷歌如何