使用Spring Data + hibernate，Hibernate配置为自动创建模式。但是，当抛出查询异常时（见下文）。
看起来自动模式创建期间使用的列名称与查询的列名称不同。
如果我将LocalSessionFactoryBean配置为使用命名策略，问题就会消失，测试也会有效。
这是一个错误吗？或者我误解了什么？
设置如下。
[编辑]
根据下面的日志，消息ERROR: column datum0_.datum_id does not exist存在。但是，该列实际上名为datumId，从记录的SQL中可以看出：
create table Datum (
datumId int4 not null,
value varchar(255),
primary key (datumId)
)
Application.java：
package test;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource;
@Configuration
@ImportResource("classpath:Application.xml")
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class Application {
static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(Application.class);
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
DatumRepository repository = context.getBean(DatumRepository.class);
repository.findAll();
}
}
Datum.java：
package test;
import javax.persistence.*;
@Entity
public class Datum {
@Id
@GeneratedValue
private int datumId;
@Column
private String value;
public int getDatumId() {
return datumId;
}
public void setDatumId(int datumId) {
this.datumId = datumId;
}
public String getValue() {
return value;
}
public void setValue(String value) {
this.value = value;
}
}
DatumRepository.java：
package test;
import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
public interface DatumRepository extends CrudRepository<Datum, Integer> {
}
的Application.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd">
<!--Searches for @Configuration classes and stereotypes-->
<context:component-scan base-package="test" />
<!--Searches for @Autowired/@Inject-->
<context:annotation-config />
<!-- For creation of repositories -->
<!--<jpa:repositories base-package="test" />-->
<!--Data source-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="org.postgresql.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:postgresql://localhost/nexus"/>
<property name="username" value="nexus"/>
<property name="password" value="nexus"/>
</bean>
<!-- Hibernate -->
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="packagesToScan" value="test" />
<!--<property name="namingStrategy"><ref bean="naming" /></property>-->
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<value>
hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create-drop
hibernate.show_sql=true
hibernate.format_sql=true
</value>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="naming" class="org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy"></bean>
</beans>
的pom.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>test</groupId>
<artifactId>test1</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.2.1.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
<artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
<version>9.3-1100-jdbc41</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>spring-releases</id>
<url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-release</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>spring-releases</id>
<url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-release</url>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
</project>
（编辑）输出+异常：
2015-02-03 13:49:14.697 INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] test.Application : Starting Application on desktop with PID 3515 (/home/breamec/src/test1/target/classes started by breamec in /home/breamec/src/test1)
2015-02-03 13:49:14.747 INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] s.c.a.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@5b525b5f: startup date [Tue Feb 03 13:49:14 GMT 2015]; root of context hierarchy
2015-02-03 13:49:15.232 INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] o.s.b.f.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader : Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [Application.xml]
2015-02-03 13:49:16.070 INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] o.s.j.d.DriverManagerDataSource : Loaded JDBC driver: org.postgresql.Driver
2015-02-03 13:49:16.308 INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] j.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean : Building JPA container EntityManagerFactory for persistence unit 'default'
2015-02-03 13:49:16.340 INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] o.hibernate.jpa.internal.util.LogHelper : HHH000204: Processing PersistenceUnitInfo [
name: default
...]
2015-02-03 13:49:16.454 INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] org.hibernate.Version : HHH000412: Hibernate Core {4.3.7.Final}
2015-02-03 13:49:16.457 INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] org.hibernate.cfg.Environment : HHH000206: hibernate.properties not found
2015-02-03 13:49:16.458 INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] org.hibernate.cfg.Environment : HHH000021: Bytecode provider name : javassist
2015-02-03 13:49:16.683 INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] o.hibernate.annotations.common.Version : HCANN000001: Hibernate Commons Annotations {4.0.5.Final}
2015-02-03 13:49:17.202 INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect : HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQL9Dialect
2015-02-03 13:49:17.218 INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] o.h.e.jdbc.internal.LobCreatorBuilder : HHH000424: Disabling contextual LOB creation as createClob() method threw error : java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
2015-02-03 13:49:17.355 INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] o.h.h.i.ast.ASTQueryTranslatorFactory : HHH000397: Using ASTQueryTranslatorFactory
2015-02-03 13:49:18.189 INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect : HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQL9Dialect
2015-02-03 13:49:18.190 INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] o.h.e.jdbc.internal.LobCreatorBuilder : HHH000424: Disabling contextual LOB creation as createClob() method threw error : java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
2015-02-03 13:49:18.199 INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] o.h.e.t.i.TransactionFactoryInitiator : HHH000399: Using default transaction strategy (direct JDBC transactions)
2015-02-03 13:49:18.199 INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] o.h.h.i.ast.ASTQueryTranslatorFactory : HHH000397: Using ASTQueryTranslatorFactory
2015-02-03 13:49:18.211 INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport : HHH000227: Running hbm2ddl schema export
Hibernate:
drop table Datum cascade
2015-02-03 13:49:18.219 ERROR 3515 --- [lication.main()] org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport : HHH000389: Unsuccessful: drop table Datum cascade
2015-02-03 13:49:18.219 ERROR 3515 --- [lication.main()] org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport : ERROR: table "datum" does not exist
Hibernate:
drop sequence hibernate_sequence
2015-02-03 13:49:18.221 ERROR 3515 --- [lication.main()] org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport : HHH000389: Unsuccessful: drop sequence hibernate_sequence
2015-02-03 13:49:18.221 ERROR 3515 --- [lication.main()] org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport : ERROR: sequence "hibernate_sequence" does not exist
Hibernate:
create table Datum (
datumId int4 not null,
value varchar(255),
primary key (datumId)
)
Hibernate:
create sequence hibernate_sequence
2015-02-03 13:49:18.230 INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport : HHH000230: Schema export complete
2015-02-03 13:49:18.737 INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
2015-02-03 13:49:18.745 INFO 3515 --- [lication.main()] test.Application : Started Application in 4.32 seconds (JVM running for 8.385)
2015-02-03 13:49:18.961 WARN 3515 --- [lication.main()] o.h.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper : SQL Error: 0, SQLState: 42703
2015-02-03 13:49:18.961 ERROR 3515 --- [lication.main()] o.h.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper : ERROR: column datum0_.datum_id does not exist
Position: 8
[WARNING]
java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.springframework.boot.maven.RunMojo$LaunchRunner.run(RunMojo.java:418)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: org.springframework.dao.InvalidDataAccessResourceUsageException: could not extract ResultSet; SQL [n/a]; nested exception is org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: could not extract ResultSet
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.convertHibernateAccessException(HibernateJpaDialect.java:231)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.translateExceptionIfPossible(HibernateJpaDialect.java:214)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.translateExceptionIfPossible(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:417)
at org.springframework.dao.support.ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.translateExceptionIfPossible(ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.java:59)
at org.springframework.dao.support.DataAccessUtils.translateIfNecessary(DataAccessUtils.java:213)
at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:147)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor$CrudMethodMetadataPopulatingMethodIntercceptor.invoke(CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor.java:122)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:92)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:207)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy51.findAll(Unknown Source)
at test.Application.main(Application.java:20)
... 6 more
Caused by: org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: could not extract ResultSet
at org.hibernate.exception.internal.SQLStateConversionDelegate.convert(SQLStateConversionDelegate.java:123)
at org.hibernate.exception.internal.StandardSQLExceptionConverter.convert(StandardSQLExceptionConverter.java:49)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:126)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:112)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.ResultSetReturnImpl.extract(ResultSetReturnImpl.java:91)
at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.getResultSet(Loader.java:2066)
at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.executeQueryStatement(Loader.java:1863)
at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.executeQueryStatement(Loader.java:1839)
at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doQuery(Loader.java:910)
at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doQueryAndInitializeNonLazyCollections(Loader.java:355)
at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doList(Loader.java:2554)
at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doList(Loader.java:2540)
at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.listIgnoreQueryCache(Loader.java:2370)
at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.list(Loader.java:2365)
at org.hibernate.loader.hql.QueryLoader.list(QueryLoader.java:497)
at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.QueryTranslatorImpl.list(QueryTranslatorImpl.java:387)
at org.hibernate.engine.query.spi.HQLQueryPlan.performList(HQLQueryPlan.java:236)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.list(SessionImpl.java:1264)
at org.hibernate.internal.QueryImpl.list(QueryImpl.java:103)
at org.hibernate.jpa.internal.QueryImpl.list(QueryImpl.java:573)
at org.hibernate.jpa.internal.QueryImpl.getResultList(QueryImpl.java:449)
at org.hibernate.jpa.criteria.compile.CriteriaQueryTypeQueryAdapter.getResultList(CriteriaQueryTypeQueryAdapter.java:67)
at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.SimpleJpaRepository.findAll(SimpleJpaRepository.java:289)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.executeMethodOn(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:442)
at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.doInvoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:427)
at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.invoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:381)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor$1.proceedWithInvocation(TransactionInterceptor.java:99)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:281)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:96)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:136)
... 14 more
Caused by: org.postgresql.util.PSQLException: ERROR: column datum0_.datum_id does not exist
Position: 8
at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.receiveErrorResponse(QueryExecutorImpl.java:2161)
at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.processResults(QueryExecutorImpl.java:1890)
at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.execute(QueryExecutorImpl.java:255)
at org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.execute(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:560)
at org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.executeWithFlags(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:417)
at org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.executeQuery(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:302)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.ResultSetReturnImpl.extract(ResultSetReturnImpl.java:82)
... 45 more
答案 0 :(得分：6)
SpringNamingStrategy extends ImprovedNamingStrategy
所以应用以下内容：
我发现它在ImprovedNamingStrategy中的问题如果你想解决它而没有使用DefaultNamingStrategy而不是ImprovedNamingStrategy，如下面的属性文件
spring.jpa.hibernate.naming-strategy=org.hibernate.cfg.DefaultNamingStrategy
详细说明： NamingStrategy接口中有两个方法propertyToColumnName和columnName，如果你没有在@Column中指定名称，则先调用一个方法，如果在@Column中指定name，则调用第二个方法。
在ImprovedNamingStrategy中的都将名称从camel更改为_格式，而在DefaultNamingStrategy中它返回名称，因为它在第二种方法中，从我的角度来看是正确的行为。
答案 1 :(得分：5)
默认情况下，Spring Boot使用org.springframework.boot.orm.jpa.SpringNamingStrategy。
遵循Spring推荐的命名约定的Hibernate NamingStrategy。
这个命名策略只取字段名称并仅根据它来推断列名称，用下划线代替camel case。您没有发布异常，但基于此Hibernate可能会查询datum_id列。
答案 2 :(得分：1)
想出来。
在@Column注释中使用DefaultNamingStrategy和反引号。
spring.jpa.hibernate.naming-strategy=org.hibernate.cfg.DefaultNamingStrategy
和
@Column(name = "`datumId`")
private int datumId;
答案 3 :(得分：-1)
Hibernate提供两种不同的命名策略，而Spring Boot用SpringPhysicalNamingStrategy配置物理命名策略，其中所有点都用下划线代替，而驼峰式大写字母用下划线代替，并且所有表名均以小写形式生成。例如，一个USERDETAILS实体被映射到user_details表。
如果您要使用上述实现的自定义命名策略，则可以在application.properties中进行以下配置：
spring.jpa.hibernate.naming.physical-strategy=org.hibernate.boot.model.naming.PhysicalNamingStrategyStandardImpl