使用Google Maps Javascript API从一组预定义位置获取最近的位置

Question

我有一组2个预定义的位置，根据用户输入的邮政编码，我需要显示最近的一个。

到目前为止，我已使用zipcode搜索用户输入位置：

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$("form#zipcodeSearch").on("submit", function(event){
    event.preventDefault();
    var jsonUrl = 'http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address='+$("input#zipcode").val();
    
    $.ajax({
        type: "POST",
        headers: {
            'Accept': 'application/json',
            'Content-Type': 'text/plain'
        },
        dataType: "json",
        url: jsonUrl,
        success: function (data) {
           
            var lat = (data.results[0].geometry.bounds.northeast.lat + data.results[0].geometry.bounds.southwest.lat) / 2;
            var lng = (data.results[0].geometry.bounds.northeast.lng + data.results[0].geometry.bounds.southwest.lng) / 2;

            initialize(lat, lng);            
            
        }
    });

});

var map;
function initialize(lat, lng) {
    var mapOptions = {
        zoom: 15
    };
    map = new google.maps.Map(document.getElementById('map-canvas'),
                              mapOptions);
    
    // Try HTML5 geolocation
    if(navigator.geolocation) {
        navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(function(position) {
            var pos = new google.maps.LatLng(lat, lng);
            
            var infowindow = new google.maps.InfoWindow({
                map: map,
                position: pos,
                content: '<div style="width: 75px">You are here!</div>'
            });
            
            map.setCenter(pos);
            
        }, function() {
            handleNoGeolocation(true);
        }, {
            enableHighAccuracy: true
        });
    } else {
        // Browser doesn't support Geolocation
        handleNoGeolocation(false);
    }    
}

function handleNoGeolocation(errorFlag) {
    if (errorFlag) {
        var content = 'Error: The Geolocation service failed.';
    } else {
        var content = 'Error: Your browser doesn\'t support geolocation.';
    }
    
    var options = {
        map: map,
        position: new google.maps.LatLng(60, 105),
        content: content
    };
    
    var infowindow = new google.maps.InfoWindow(options);
    map.setCenter(options.position);
}

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*{
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

body{
    font-family: arial;
    font-size: 62.5%;        /* so, 10px = 1rem */
}

#map-canvas{
    z-index: -1;
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    height: 100%;
    width: 100%;
}

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<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/js?v=3.exp"></script>

<form id="zipcodeSearch">
    <input type="text" id="zipcode" placeholder="Enter Zipcode"/>
    <input type="submit" value="Search" />
</form>

<div id="map-canvas"></div>

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jsFiddle

关于如何实现这一目标的任何想法？如果JS API无法实现，是否还有其他API可以帮助我实现这一目标？

编辑： Cleaned-up jsFiddle version

Answer 1

<强>更新：
现已弃用对Google Maps Platform的无密钥访问权限。您需要拥有API密钥以及所有API调用，以避免服务中断。有关详细信息，请参阅http://g.co/dev/maps-no-account

---

原始答案：
我能够通过以下方式解决这个问题：

1. 从此网址获取输入邮政编码的lat，长坐标： http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=zipcode （添加邮政编码）
2. 在此URL的响应中，取回东北和西南的拉特和长度的平均值。考虑计算的平均纬度和长度作为输入坐标。
3. 使用google.maps.geometry.spherical.computeDistanceBetween()
计算距离以获取最近的位置
4. 使用所有标记初始化Google地图。
5. 使用google.maps.LatLngBounds()调整缩放，使地图包含输入邮政编码的位置和最近搜索的位置。

这是一个演示。 H图标代表输入的邮政编码位置，C图标代表搜索到的邮政编码中最接近的位置。 （目前，我只保留了2个预定位置。）

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var predefinedLocations = [{
    "name": "Brookwood Medical Center",
    "lat": 33.4636415,
    "lng": -86.7771671
  },
  {
    "name": "Lutheran Medical Center",
    "lat": 40.646872,
    "lng": -74.020892
  }
];

$("form#zipcodeSearch").on("submit", function(event) {
  event.preventDefault();
  var jsonUrl = 'http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=' + $("input#zipcode").val();

  $.ajax({
    type: "POST",
    headers: {
      'Accept': 'application/json',
      'Content-Type': 'text/plain'
    },
    dataType: "json",
    url: jsonUrl,
    success: function(data) {

      var lat = (data.results[0].geometry.bounds.northeast.lat + data.results[0].geometry.bounds.southwest.lat) / 2;
      var lng = (data.results[0].geometry.bounds.northeast.lng + data.results[0].geometry.bounds.southwest.lng) / 2;
      var p1, p2;

      predefinedLocations.forEach(function(obj) {
        p1 = new google.maps.LatLng(obj.lat, obj.lng);
        p2 = new google.maps.LatLng(lat, lng);

        obj.distance = calcDistance(p1, p2);
      });

      // sort by distance
      var locationInfo = predefinedLocations.sort(compare);

      //console.log('locationInfo', locationInfo);

      initializeGoogleMap(locationInfo, lat, lng);

    }
  });

});

var map;

function initializeGoogleMap(locationInfo, lat, lng) {
  var mapOptions = {
    zoom: 15
  };
  map = new google.maps.Map(document.getElementById('map-canvas'), mapOptions);

  // zoom to only the input zipcode and closest location    
  var latlngbounds = new google.maps.LatLngBounds();
  latlngbounds.extend(new google.maps.LatLng(locationInfo[0].lat, locationInfo[0].lng));
  latlngbounds.extend(new google.maps.LatLng(lat, lng));
  map.fitBounds(latlngbounds);

  var infowindow = new google.maps.InfoWindow();

  var marker, i;

  // set marker for input location
  setMarker(lat, lng, map, 'http://www.lsac.org/images/default-source/mainportalimages/icon-h-grey-bg.jpg?sfvrsn=2', "You are here!", i, infowindow);

  // set marker for closest location
  setMarker(locationInfo[0].lat, locationInfo[0].lng, map, 'http://alert.mta.info/sites/all/themes/mta/images/subway_bullets/c.png', locationInfo[0].name, i, infowindow);

  for (var j = 1; j < locationInfo.length; j++) {
    // set marker for other location
    setMarker(locationInfo[j].lat, locationInfo[j].lng, map, '', locationInfo[j].name, i, infowindow);
  }

}

function calcDistance(p1, p2) {
  return (google.maps.geometry.spherical.computeDistanceBetween(p1, p2) / 1000).toFixed(2);
}

function compare(a, b) {
  if (parseFloat(a.distance) < parseFloat(b.distance)) {
    return -1;
  }

  if (parseFloat(a.distance) > parseFloat(b.distance)) {
    return 1;
  }

  return 0;
}

function setMarker(lat, lng, map, icon, content, i, infowindow) {

  var marker = new google.maps.Marker({
    position: new google.maps.LatLng(lat, lng),
    map: map,
    icon: icon
  });

  google.maps.event.addListener(marker, 'click', (function(marker, i) {
    return function() {
      infowindow.setContent(content);
      infowindow.open(map, marker);
    }
  })(marker, i));

}
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* {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

html {
  font-size: 62.5%;
  /* so, 10px = 1rem */
}

body {
  font-family: arial;
}

#map-canvas {
  z-index: -1;
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
}
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<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="http://maps.google.com/maps/api/js?sensor=false&libraries=geometry"></script>

<form id="zipcodeSearch">
  <input type="text" id="zipcode" placeholder="Enter zipcode here" />
  <input type="submit" value="Search" />
</form>

<div id="map-canvas"></div>
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jsFiddle version of the same code

我希望这个答案可以帮助那些面临同样问题的人。