在下面的xml中使用perl或python(这是最快的)我想要一种方法来获取所有节点/节点名称,其中attribute1设置为"字符"和attribute2未设置为" chr"或者没有attribute2本身。 请记住,我的xml可以有500个节点,所以请建议更快的方式来获取所有节点
<NODE attribute1="characters" attribute2="chr" name="node1">
<content>
value1
</content>
</NODE>
<NODE attribute1="camera" name="node2">
<content>
value2
</content>
</NODE>
<NODE attribute1="camera" attribute2="car" name="node3">
<content>
value2
</content>
</NODE>
&#13;
答案 0 :(得分:1)
您正在寻找的是xpath表达式:
//NODE[@attribute1="characters" and ( not(@attribute2) or @attribute2="chr")]
使用xmllint进行快速测试:
kent$ cat f.xml
<root>
<NODE attribute1="characters" attribute2="chr" name="node1">
<content>
value1
</content>
</NODE>
<NODE attribute1="camera" name="node2">
<content>
value2
</content>
</NODE>
<NODE attribute1="camera" attribute2="car" name="node3">
<content>
value2
</content>
</NODE>
</root>
kent$ xmllint --xpath '//NODE[@attribute1="characters" and ( not(@attribute2) or @attribute2="chr")]' f.xml
<NODE attribute1="characters" attribute2="chr" name="node1">
<content>
value1
</content>
</NODE>
如果您只想提取属性name
的值,则可以使用此xpath:
// NODE [@ attribute1 =“characters”和(not(@ attribute2)或@ attribute2 =“chr”)] / @ name
或 string(// NODE [@ attribute1 =“characters”和(not(@ attribute2)或@ attribute2 =“chr”)] / @ name)
仍然使用xmllint进行测试:
kent$ xmllint --xpath '//NODE[@attribute1="characters" and ( not(@attribute2) or @attribute2="chr")]/@name' f.xml
name="node1"
kent$ xmllint --xpath 'string(//NODE[@attribute1="characters" and ( not(@attribute2) or @attribute2="chr")]/@name)' f.xml
node1
答案 1 :(得分:1)
当你将其标记为perl / python时,我将提供一种perlish方法。
Perl有一个很好的库XML::Twig
,我非常喜欢解析XML。
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use XML::Twig;
my $parser = XML::Twig->new();
#would probably use parsefile instead.
#e.g.:
# my $parser = XML::Twig -> new -> parsefile ( 'your_file.xml' );
{
local $/;
$parser->parse(<DATA>);
}
#iterate all the elements in the file.
foreach my $element ( $parser->root()->children() ) {
#test your conditions
if ($element->att('attribute1') eq 'characters'
and ( not defined $element->att('attribute2')
or $element->att('attribute2') eq 'chr' )
)
{
#extract name if condition matches
print $element ->att('name'), "\n";
}
}
__DATA__
<DATA>
<NODE attribute1="characters" attribute2="chr" name="node1">
<content>
value1
</content>
</NODE>
<NODE attribute1="camera" name="node2">
<content>
value2
</content>
</NODE>
<NODE attribute1="camera" attribute2="car" name="node3">
<content>
value2
</content>
</NODE>
</DATA>
答案 2 :(得分:0)
使用lxml
模块。
content = """
<body>
<NODE attribute1="characters" attribute2="chr" name="node1">
<content>
value1
</content>
</NODE>
<NODE attribute1="camera" name="node2">
<content>
value2
</content>
</NODE>
<NODE attribute1="camera" attribute2="car" name="node3">
<content>
value2
</content>
</NODE>
<NODE attribute1="characters" attribute2="car" name="node3">
<content>
value2
</content>
</NODE>
<NODE attribute1="characters" name="node3">
<content>
value2
</content>
</NODE>
</body>
"""
from lxml import etree
root = etree.fromstring(content)
l = root.xpath('//*[@attribute1="characters" and ( not(@attribute2) or @attribute2!="chr") ]')
for i in l:
print i.tag, i.attrib
输出:
$ python test.py
NODE {'attribute2': 'car', 'attribute1': 'characters', 'name': 'node3'}
NODE {'attribute1': 'characters', 'name': 'node3'}