模板模板条件编译

时间:2015-01-26 17:21:24

标签: c++ templates template-templates function-overriding

我不知道我是否使用了正确的策略,但是我想使用带有bool值参数的模板,这样当method1和method2设置为false时,我不必调用fmethod1或fmethod2。我可以使用动态表来做到这一点,但我发现我可以使用模板执行此操作,并且我正在训练此语法用法如下:

#include<iostream>

template<bool method1, bool method2>
class Caller {

  public:

    Caller(const float prop1, const float prop2):prop1(prop1),prop2(prop2){;}

    float prop1;
    float prop2;

    bool fmethod1(){
      return prop1;
    }

    bool fmethod2(){
      return prop2;
    }

    void mainMethod(){
      std::cout << "Caller<" << method1 << "," << method2 << ">(" << prop1 << ")" << std::endl;
      std::cout << "fmethod1()" << fmethod1() << std::endl;
      std::cout << "fmethod2()" << fmethod2() << std::endl;
    };

};

template<>
class Caller<true,false> {

  public:
    Caller(const float prop2):prop2(prop2){;}
    float prop2;

    // I can declare here to return true, but this 
    // shouldn't be called in Wrapper, since Wrapper method1 is set  
    // to false (the first "or" on wrapper should be set to true and 
    // compiler shouldn't need this method.)
    bool fmethod1();

    bool fmethod2(){
      return prop2;
    }

    void mainMethod(){
      std::cout << "Caller<true,false>" << std::endl;
      std::cout << "fmethod2()" << fmethod2() << std::endl;
    };

};

template<>
class Caller<false,true> {

  public:
    Caller(const float prop1):prop1(prop1){;}
    float prop1;

    bool fmethod1(){
      return prop1;
    }
    bool fmethod2(); // Same here

    void mainMethod(){
      std::cout << "Caller<false,true>" << std::endl;
      std::cout << "fmethod1()" << fmethod1() << std::endl;
    };

};

template<>
class Caller<false,false> {

  public:
    bool fmethod1(){
      return true;
    }

    bool fmethod2(){
      return true;
    }

    void mainMethod(){
      std::cout << "Caller<false,false>" << std::endl;
      std::cout << "fmethod1()" << fmethod1() << std::endl;
      std::cout << "fmethod2()" << fmethod2() << std::endl;
    };

};

template<template<bool, bool> class holded_t,bool method1, bool method2>
class Wrapper{

  public:
    holded_t<method1,method2> holded;

    Wrapper():holded(holded_t<method1,method2>()){;}
    Wrapper(float prop1):holded(holded_t<method1,method2>(prop1)){;}
    Wrapper(float prop1, float prop2):holded(holded_t<method1,method2>(prop1,prop2)){;}

    void mainMethod(){
      if( !method1 || holded.fmethod1() ){
        if( !method2 || holded.fmethod2() ){
          holded.mainMethod();
        } else {
          std::cout << "holded method2 is false" << std::endl;
        }
      } else {
        std::cout << "holded method1 is false" << std::endl;
      }
    }
};


int main(){

  Wrapper<Caller,false,false> holder_ex_false_false;
  holder_ex_false_false.mainMethod();
  Wrapper<Caller,false,true> holder_ex_false_true(0);
  holder_ex_false_true.mainMethod();
  Wrapper<Caller,true,false> holder_ex_true_false(0);
  holder_ex_true_false.mainMethod();
  Wrapper<Caller,true,true> holder_ex_true_true(0,0);
  holder_ex_true_true.mainMethod();
  Wrapper<Caller,true,true> holder_ex_true_true1(1,0);
  holder_ex_true_true1.mainMethod();
  Wrapper<Caller,true,true> holder_ex_true_true2(0,1);
  holder_ex_true_true2.mainMethod();
  Wrapper<Caller,true,true> holder_ex_true_true3(1,1);
  holder_ex_true_true3.mainMethod();


}

我可以在专门化中声明fmethod1fmethod2方法(将其设置为返回true),以便它给出以下结果:

Caller<false,false>
fmethod1()1
fmethod2()1
Caller<false,true>
fmethod1()0
fmethod2()1
Caller<true,false>
fmethod1()1
fmethod2()0
holded method1 is false
holded method2 is false
holded method1 is false
Caller<1,1>(1)
fmethod1()1
fmethod2()1

但是我想要一种方法来实现这一点,这样如果Caller不需要它,我就不需要为Wrapper实现method1或method2,但它似乎是编译器(当模板属性method1为false时,gcc)无法看到我永远不会需要fmethod1。

我的第一个问题是,如果我在这种方法中获得任何好处,而不是正常的继承virtual方法,这将是:

class Caller{
  public:
    virtual bool fmethod1(){return true;}
    virtual bool fmethod2(){return true;}
}

class CallerMethod1Active: public Caller{
  public:
    float prop1;
    bool fmethod1(){return prop1;}
    bool fmethod2(){return true;}
}
…

第二,关于如何在不需要实施Caller fmethod1的情况下实现这一想法的任何想法?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

您可能会考虑奇怪的重复模板模式并使用静态多态:

#include <iostream>

template<typename Derived>
class BasicCaller
{
    protected:
    BasicCaller() {}

    public:
    void method() {
        static_cast<Derived*>(this)->method1();
        static_cast<Derived*>(this)->method2();
    }

    protected:
    bool method1() { return false; }
    bool method2() { return false; }
};

class CallNone : public BasicCaller<CallNone> {};

class CallFirst : public BasicCaller<CallFirst>
{
    friend class BasicCaller<CallFirst>;

    protected:
    bool method1() {
        std::cout << "First\n";
        return true;
    }
};

class CallSecond : public BasicCaller<CallSecond>
{
    friend class BasicCaller<CallSecond>;

    protected:
    bool method2() {
        std::cout << "Second\n";
        return true;
    }
};

class CallBoth : public BasicCaller<CallBoth>
{
    friend class BasicCaller<CallBoth>;

    protected:
    bool method1() {
        std::cout << "Both First\n";
        return true;
    }

    bool method2() {
        std::cout << "Both Second\n";
        return true;
    }

};


int main()
{
    std::cout << "CallNone\n";
    CallNone a;
    a.method();
    std::cout << "CallFirst\n";
    CallFirst b;
    b.method();
    std::cout << "CallSecond\n";
    CallSecond c;
    c.method();
    std::cout << "CallBoth\n";
    CallBoth d;
    d.method();
}

答案 1 :(得分:1)

Wrapper中,您可以将对fmethod1fmethod2的调用移动到单独的帮助函数中,只有在存在正确的模板参数时才会实例化这些函数:

    void mainMethod(){
      if( testmethod1(std::integral_constant<bool, method1>()) ){
        if( testmethod2(std::integral_constant<bool, method2>()) ){
          holded.mainMethod();
        } else {
          std::cout << "holded method2 is false" << std::endl;
        }
      } else {
        std::cout << "holded method1 is false" << std::endl;
      }
    }
    bool testmethod1(std::true_type) { return holded.fmethod1(); }
    bool testmethod1(std::false_type) { return false; }
    bool testmethod2(std::true_type) { return holded.fmethod2(); }
    bool testmethod2(std::false_type) { return false; }

因为这是一个类模板,所以只有在调用它们时才会实例化成员函数,并且重载解析不会尝试调用与参数不匹配的函数。

您的功能缺少const限定符,但这与问题无关。