我一直在玩tkinter
并使用了大量的网络资源,目前有以下代码:
import json
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
from pprint import pprint as pprint
# opt_name: (from_, to, increment)
IntOptions = {
'age': (1.0, 200.0, 1.0),
}
def close_ed(parent, edwin):
parent.focus_set()
edwin.destroy()
def set_cell(edwin, w, tvar):
value = tvar.get()
w.item(w.focus(), values=(value,))
close_ed(w, edwin)
def edit_cell(e):
w = e.widget
if w and len(w.item(w.focus(), 'values')) > 0:
edwin = tk.Toplevel(e.widget)
edwin.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", lambda: close_ed(w, edwin))
edwin.grab_set()
edwin.overrideredirect(1)
opt_name = w.focus()
(x, y, width, height) = w.bbox(opt_name, 'Values')
edwin.geometry('%dx%d+%d+%d' % (width, height, w.winfo_rootx() + x, w.winfo_rooty() + y))
value = w.item(opt_name, 'values')[0]
tvar = tk.StringVar()
tvar.set(str(value))
ed = None
if opt_name in IntOptions:
constraints = IntOptions[opt_name]
ed = tk.Spinbox(edwin, from_=constraints[0], to=constraints[1],
increment=constraints[2], textvariable=tvar)
else:
ed = tk.Entry(edwin, textvariable=tvar)
if ed:
ed.config(background='LightYellow')
#ed.grid(column=0, row=0, sticky=(tk.N, tk.S, tk.W, tk.E))
ed.pack()
ed.focus_set()
edwin.bind('<Return>', lambda e: set_cell(edwin, w, tvar))
edwin.bind('<Escape>', lambda e: close_ed(w, edwin))
def JSONTree(Tree, Parent, Dictionery, TagList=[]):
for key in Dictionery :
if isinstance(Dictionery[key], dict):
Tree.insert(Parent, 'end', key, text=key)
TagList.append(key)
JSONTree(Tree, key, Dictionery[key], TagList)
pprint(TagList)
elif isinstance(Dictionery[key], list):
Tree.insert(Parent, 'end', key, text=key) # Still working on this
else:
Tree.insert(Parent, 'end', key, text=key, value=Dictionery[key])
if __name__ == "__main__" :
# Setup the root UI
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("JSON editor")
root.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
root.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
# Setup Data
Data = {'aeroplane': {'Configuration': 'air_travel',
'Distance': '1000',
'From': 'miami_airport',
'Name': 'united',
'To': 'pasco'},
}
# Setup the Frames
TreeFrame = ttk.Frame(root, padding="3")
TreeFrame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.NSEW)
# Setup the Tree
tree = ttk.Treeview(TreeFrame, columns=('Values'))
tree.column('Values', width=100, anchor='center')
tree.heading('Values', text='Values')
tree.bind('<Double-1>', edit_cell)
tree.bind('<Return>', edit_cell)
JSONTree(tree, '', Data)
tree.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=1)
# Limit windows minimum dimensions
root.update_idletasks()
root.minsize(root.winfo_reqwidth(), root.winfo_reqheight())
root.mainloop()
我使用python IDLE运行它并且它传递并生成一个带有aeroplane
的窗口,下拉列表包含该字典的所有细节,它看起来像这样:
但如果我将Data
更改为:
Data = {'aeroplane': {'Configuration': 'air_travel',
'Distance': '1000',
'From': 'miami_airport',
'Name': 'united',
'To': 'pasco'},
'bus': {'Configuration': 'road_travel',
'Distance': '15',
'From': 'pasco',
'Name': 'greyhound',
'To': 'richland'},
'car': {'Configuration': 'road_travel',
'Distance': '160',
'From': 'Richland',
'Name': 'honda',
'To': 'Seattle'},
'train': {'Configuration': 'train_travel',
'Distance': '30',
'From': 'beach',
'Name': 'gas_train',
'To': 'miami_airport'}}
并运行此操作会产生错误:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/gour967/Desktop/json_gui_test.py", line 97, in <module>
JSONTree(tree, '', Data)
File "/Users/gour967/Desktop/json_gui_test.py", line 53, in JSONTree
JSONTree(Tree, key, Dictionery[key], TagList)
File "/Users/gour967/Desktop/json_gui_test.py", line 58, in JSONTree
Tree.insert(Parent, 'end', key, text=key, value=Dictionery[key])
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/tkinter/ttk.py", line 1348, in insert
"-id", iid, *opts)
_tkinter.TclError: Item Configuration already exists
如何处理此错误并显示aeroplane, bus, car, train
,就像我上面的图片一样?
答案 0 :(得分:4)
https://docs.python.org/3/library/tkinter.ttk.html#tkinter.ttk.Treeview.insert中记录的insert
方法TreeView
的签名是:
insert(parent, index, iid=None, **kw)
并且您的JsonTree
以
JSONTree(Tree, key, Dictionery[key], TagList)
并将insert(对于“leaf”节点)调用为:
Tree.insert(Parent, 'end', key, text=key, value=Dictionery[key])
然而,有明确记载“如果指定了iid,它将被用作项目标识符; iid必须不存在于树中”(在我上面给出的URL中)。
那么,key
是否应该是唯一的?错误消息告诉您它不是。事实上 - 您正在呼叫Tree.insert
,例如key
等于From
(&amp; c)重复 - 因为每个子字典都有一把钥匙!
所以你需要“制作独特”你正在使用的键。最简单的方法是将签名更改为:
def JSONTree(Tree, Parent, Dictionery, TagList=[], prefix=''):
和递归调用:
JSONTree(Tree, key, Dictionery[key], TagList, prefix+key+'.')
并且在您现在只使用insert
作为第三个(key
)参数的每个iid
中,请改用prefix+key
,例如:
Tree.insert(Parent, 'end', prefix+key, text=key, value=Dictionery[key])
我之前已经展示的对insert
的特定电话。
这样,树中的标识符就是'aeroplane.From'
,'bus.From'
等等 - 都是唯一的,所以你会没事的。
如果您实际上使用那些标识符,您也可以省略第三个参数 - 然后Tkinter将代表您在内部生成唯一标识符。但是,控制您自己的标识符可能会使您更容易准确地跟踪用户选择的内容,具体取决于您所追求的内容。所以,任何一种选择都可能是最好的!