我的JavaFX游戏中的Text对象遇到了问题，我不能为我的生活弄清楚我做错了什么。尽管我在添加新文本之前将其删除，但我的Text对象仍然粘贴在自身上。我相信错误应该在我的方法setTextField中，但我在下面包含我的整个GamePane类的代码，以防它有用。提前感谢您提供任何帮助＆amp;咨询！ ：）
只是我的setTextField方法：
public void setTextField() {
Text showScore = new Text("Score: " + String.valueOf(playerPointCounter)
+ "\nMisses: " + String.valueOf(gameOverCounter));
showScore.setLayoutX(25);
showScore.setLayoutY(35);
showScore.setFill(Color.WHITE);
//Font family, weight, font size
showScore.setFont(Font.font("Baskerville Old Face", FontWeight.BOLD, 20));
this.getChildren().remove(showScore);
this.getChildren().add(showScore);
} //End setTextField method
我的整个GamePane课程：
/**
* This method adds objects to the pane, controls all animations for adding and
* moving enemies, adding and moving shots, and checking for collisions.
* NOTE: All methods for winning the game, losing the game, and such are to be
* implemented in future versions ;)
*/
package StarshipBattleDestiny;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import javafx.animation.KeyFrame;
import javafx.animation.Timeline;
import javafx.scene.layout.Pane;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.shape.Rectangle;
import javafx.scene.text.Font;
import javafx.scene.text.FontWeight;
import javafx.scene.text.Text;
import javafx.util.Duration;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
class GamePane extends Pane {
private Timeline animation;
ArrayList<LargeEnemy> largeList = new ArrayList<>();
ArrayList<SmallEnemy> smallList = new ArrayList<>();
public static ArrayList<Shot> shotList = new ArrayList<>(1);
static double GAME_WIDTH = 1000;
static double GAME_HEIGHT = 650;
public static int gameOverCounter = 0;
public static int playerPointCounter = 0;
int addToPlayerScore;
int addToMisses;
public static Launcher launcher;
Rectangle topOfGame;
static String playerName;
/**
* This constructor for the GamePane calls the method that adds the
* launcher, calls the method that adds the invisible object for the top of
* the game, and houses the animations that control when a new enemy is
* added, the rate that each SmallEnemy is moved, the rate that each
* LargeEnemy is moved, the rate that each Shot is moved, and how often the
* game will check for a collision.
*/
public GamePane() {
//Adds a launcher
addLauncher();
addTopOfGame();
//Animation to call new enemies every 10 seconds.
animation = new Timeline(new KeyFrame(Duration.seconds(5), e -> addEnemy()));
animation.setCycleCount(Timeline.INDEFINITE);
animation.play();
//Animation to move SmallEnemies
animation = new Timeline(new KeyFrame(Duration.millis(5), e -> moveSmallEnemy()));
animation.setCycleCount(Timeline.INDEFINITE);
animation.play();
//Animation to move Large Enemies
animation = new Timeline(new KeyFrame(Duration.millis(8), e -> moveLargeEnemy()));
animation.setCycleCount(Timeline.INDEFINITE);
animation.play();
//Animation to move Shots
animation = new Timeline(new KeyFrame(Duration.millis(1), e -> moveShot()));
animation.setCycleCount(Timeline.INDEFINITE);
animation.play();
this.setStyle("-fx-background-image: url(\"file:purpleSpaceBackground.jpeg\");-fx-background-size: cover");
} //End GamePane Constructor
/**
* This method adds a JOptionPane window informing the player of the
* instructions of how to play the game.
*/
public static void playerInstructionsPane() {
playerName = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please enter your name:");
String blankName = "";
String spaceName = " ";
while (playerName.equalsIgnoreCase(blankName)) {
playerName = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("You cannot leave your name blank.\n"
+ "Please enter your name:");
}
while (playerName.equalsIgnoreCase(spaceName)) {
playerName = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("A space is not a valid name.\n"
+ "Please enter your name:");
}
while (playerName.length() < 3) {
playerName = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Player's name must be 3 characters or more in length.\n"
+ "Please enter your name:");
}
String playerInstructionsMsg = "You are the captain of the Starship Destiny at the bottom of the screen.\n"
+ "Fire your Forward Guns at the enemy ships above you with the Space Bar.\n"
+ "The larger Asgard Ships are worth 10 points, while the smaller Kino Drones are worth twice that at 20 points.\n"
+ "It takes 500 points to win but only 10 misses to lose.\n\n"
+ "Winning the game earns you the coordinates to your enemy's base.\n\n"
+ "You can press the P button at any time to either surrender or show your enemies mercy.\n"
+ "This will also save your score and add it to the high scores, assuming it is one.\n"
+ "\n"
+ "Good Luck!";
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, playerInstructionsMsg, "How To Play", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
} //end playerInstructionsPane method
/**
* When this method is called it begins playing the animations.
*/
public void play() {
animation.play();
} //End play method
/**
* When this method is called it stops playing the animations.
*/
public void stop() {
animation.stop();
} //End stop method
/**
* When this method is called it pauses the animations that are playing.
*/
public void pause() {
animation.pause();
} //End pause method
/**
* This method adds an invisible rectangle to the top that ends the game
* when it is hit 10 times... (aka: when the player misses 10 times).
*/
public void addTopOfGame() {
topOfGame = new Rectangle(); //Set slightly above game view so shot will be offscreen before it dissapears.
topOfGame.setX(0);
topOfGame.setY(0);
topOfGame.setHeight(10);
topOfGame.setWidth(1000);
topOfGame.setFill(Color.TRANSPARENT);
this.getChildren().add(topOfGame);
addToMisses = 1;
} //End addTopOfGame methpd
/**
* This method adds a new Launcher to the pane.
*/
public void addLauncher() {
launcher = new Launcher();
launcher.setWidth(70);
launcher.setHeight(103);
launcher.setX((GAME_WIDTH * 0.5) - (launcher.getWidth() * 0.5) + 10);
launcher.setY(GAME_HEIGHT - 100);
this.getChildren().add(launcher);
} //End addLauncher method
/**
* This method adds new enemies. It has a random variable that generates a
* number between 0 and 100. If this random variable is less than 60 a new
* LargeEnemy is created and added to the pane, and if the random variable
* is higher than 60 it crates a new SmallEnemy and adds it to the pane.
* This means that there is a 60% chance of a new LargeEnemy being created
* and a 40% chance of a new SmallEnemy being created.
*/
public void addEnemy() {
int random = (int) (0 + Math.random() * 100);
if (random < 60) { //60:40 chance LargeEnemy:SmallEnemy
addToPlayerScore = 10;
LargeEnemy newLargeEnemy = new LargeEnemy();
newLargeEnemy.setWidth(182);
newLargeEnemy.setHeight(102);
newLargeEnemy.setX(0);
newLargeEnemy.setY(60 + Math.random() * 200);
newLargeEnemy.setVisible(true);
largeList.add(newLargeEnemy);
this.getChildren().add(newLargeEnemy);
//countdownToLargeCollisionCheck();
} //End boolean if statement to add a newLargeEnemy
else {
addToPlayerScore = 20;
SmallEnemy newSmallEnemy = new SmallEnemy();
newSmallEnemy.setX(0);
newSmallEnemy.setY(60 + Math.random() * 250);
newSmallEnemy.setWidth(60);
newSmallEnemy.setHeight(60);
newSmallEnemy.setVisible(true);
smallList.add(newSmallEnemy);
this.getChildren().add(newSmallEnemy);
//countdownToSmallCollisionCheck();
} //End boolean else statemet to add a newSmallEnemy
} //End addEnemy method
/**
* This method adds a new Shot to the screen. It is called whenever the
* player hits the Space Bar.
*/
public void fire() {
if (shotList.isEmpty()) {
Shot newShot = new Shot();
newShot.setX(GAME_WIDTH * 0.5);
newShot.setY(launcher.getY() - launcher.getHeight() - 30);
newShot.setWidth(18);
newShot.setHeight(134);
newShot.setVisible(true);
shotList.add(newShot);
this.getChildren().add(newShot);
}
else {
//Don't add a new shot.
}
} //End fire method
/**
* This method sets how much each SmallEnemy will be moved each time the
* animation timer calls the method, as well as removing the SmallEnemy if
* it's x-axis value is greater than or equal to the width of the game + the
* width of a SmallEnemy.
*/
public void moveSmallEnemy() {
for (int i = 0; i < smallList.size(); i++) {
SmallEnemy moveSmall = smallList.get(i);
double x = moveSmall.getX();
double smallDX = 1;
double removeSmall = GAME_WIDTH + moveSmall.getWidth();
if (x >= removeSmall) {
smallList.remove(i);
} //end boolean if statement to change direction
x += smallDX;
moveSmall.setX(x);
} //end for loop
} //End moveSmallEnemy method
/**
* This method sets how much each LargeEnemy will be moved each time the
* animation timer calls the method, as well as removing the LargeEnemy if
* it's x-axis value is greater than or equal to the width of the game + the
* width of a LargeEnemy.
*/
public void moveLargeEnemy() {
for (int i = 0; i < largeList.size(); i++) {
LargeEnemy moveLarge = largeList.get(i);
double x = moveLarge.getX();
double largeDX = 1;
double removeLarge = GAME_WIDTH + moveLarge.getWidth();
if (x >= removeLarge) {
largeList.remove(i);
} //end boolean if statement to change direction
x += largeDX;
moveLarge.setX(x);
} //end for loop
} //End moveLargeEnemy method
/**
* This method sets how much each Shot will be moved each time the animation
* timer calls the method.
*/
public void moveShot() {
if (shotList.isEmpty()) {
return;
}
for (int i = 0; i < shotList.size(); i++) {
Shot shot = shotList.get(i);
double y = shot.getY();
double dy = 0.21;
y -= dy;
shot.setY(y);
} //End for loop
collisionCheckTimeline();
} //End moveShot method
/**
* When this method is called it runs the animations to check for collisions
* with each SmallEnemy, each LargeEnemy, and with the invisible object at
* the top of the game.
*/
public void collisionCheckTimeline() {
animation = new Timeline(new KeyFrame(Duration.millis(1), e -> checkCollisionSmall()));
animation.setCycleCount(1);
animation.play();
animation = new Timeline(new KeyFrame(Duration.millis(1), e -> checkCollisionLarge()));
animation.setCycleCount(1);
animation.play();
animation = new Timeline(new KeyFrame(Duration.millis(1), e -> checkTopCollision()));
animation.setCycleCount(1);
animation.play();
} //End smallCollisionTimeline method
/**
* This method checks for collisions with each SmallEnemy.
*/
public void checkCollisionSmall() {
//This segment of code checks for collisions with each SmallEnemy.
for (int i = 0; i < shotList.size(); i++) {
Shot tempShot = shotList.get(i);
tempShot.setVisible(true);
for (int j = 0; j < smallList.size(); j++) {
SmallEnemy tempSmall = smallList.get(i);
tempSmall.setVisible(true);
if (tempShot.isVisible() && tempSmall.isVisible()) {
if (tempShot.getBoundsInLocal().intersects(tempSmall.getBoundsInLocal())) {
tempShot.setVisible(false);
tempSmall.setVisible(false);
smallList.remove(j);
shotList.remove(i);
setScore();
} //End inner boolean if statement
} //End of outer boolean if statement
} //End inner for loop
} //End outer for loop
} //End checkCollisionSmall method
/**
* This method checks for collisions with each LargeEnemy.
*/
public void checkCollisionLarge() {
//This segment of code checks for collisions with each LargeEnemy.
for (int i = 0; i < shotList.size(); i++) {
Shot tempShot = shotList.get(i);
tempShot.setVisible(true);
for (int j = 0; j < largeList.size(); j++) {
LargeEnemy tempLarge = largeList.get(j);
tempLarge.setVisible(true);
if (tempShot.isVisible() && tempLarge.isVisible()) {
if (tempShot.getBoundsInParent().intersects(tempLarge.getBoundsInParent())) {
tempShot.setVisible(false);
tempLarge.setVisible(false);
largeList.remove(j);
shotList.remove(i);
setScore();
} //End inner boolean if statement
} //End outer boolean if statement
} //End inner for loop
} //End outer for loop
} //End checkCollisionLarge method
/**
* This method checks for a collision with the invisible rectangle at the
* top of the screen.
*/
public void checkTopCollision() {
//This segment of code checks for collisions with the invisible topOfGame Rectangle object.
for (int i = 0; i < shotList.size(); i++) {
Shot tempShot = shotList.get(i);
tempShot.setVisible(true);
if (tempShot.isVisible() && topOfGame.isVisible()) {
if (tempShot.getBoundsInParent().intersects(topOfGame.getBoundsInParent())) {
tempShot.setVisible(false);
shotList.remove(i);
setMisses();
} //end inner boolean if statement
} //end outer boolean if statement
} //end for loop
} //End checkTopCollision method
/**
* This method updates the counter for the player's points.
*/
public void setScore() {
//int pointsToWin = 500;
playerPointCounter += addToPlayerScore;
System.out.println("Score updated: " + playerPointCounter);
setTextField();
//If the player gets a point amount within the given range the winGame and stop method are called.
if (playerPointCounter > 499 && playerPointCounter < 511) {
winGame();
stop();
}
} //End setScore method
/**
* This method updates the counter for the player's misses.
*/
public void setMisses() {
int missesToLose = 10;
gameOverCounter += addToMisses;
System.out.println("Misses Updated: " + gameOverCounter);
setTextField();
//If the player gets the number of points designated then the loseGame method is called.
if (gameOverCounter == missesToLose) {
loseGame();
}
while(gameOverCounter == missesToLose) {
stop();
}
} //End setMisses method
/**
* This method updates the Text object with the new score information, removes
* the old TextField from the Pane, and adds the new Text object with the
* updated score to the pane. It is called every time a collision is
* detected and the player's score counter or miss counter is updated.
*/
public void setTextField() {
Text showScore = new Text("Score: " + String.valueOf(playerPointCounter)
+ "\nMisses: " + String.valueOf(gameOverCounter));
showScore.setLayoutX(25);
showScore.setLayoutY(35);
showScore.setFill(Color.WHITE);
//Font family, weight, font size
showScore.setFont(Font.font("Baskerville Old Face", FontWeight.BOLD, 20));
this.getChildren().remove(showScore);
this.getChildren().add(showScore);
} //End setTextField method
/**
* This method determines if the player loses the game. The player loses the
* game when they miss a target 10 times. When the game is lost a
* JOptionPane window displays telling them the game is over and how many
* points they had when they lost. This method also stops all animations.
*/
public static void loseGame() {
String playerLosesMsg = "You Missed 10 times and Lost!\n\n"
+ "Your Score: " + playerPointCounter;
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, playerLosesMsg, "Game Over!", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
mainScoreControl();
System.exit(10);
} //End loseGame method
/**
* This method determines if the player wins the game. The player wins the
* game when they earn 500 points. When the game is won a JOptionPane
* window displays telling them they won the game, how many points they
* had at the end, how many misses they had, and the coordinates for the
* final location.
*/
public static void winGame() {
final String FINAL_COORDS = "N 39 00.000 W 084 00.000";
String playerWinsMsg = "You Win!\n\n"
+ "Your Score: " + playerPointCounter + "\n"
+ "Misses: " + gameOverCounter + "\n\n"
+ "Final Coordinates for GC00000:\n"
+ FINAL_COORDS;
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, playerWinsMsg, "Congratulations!", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
//mainScoreControl(); REMOVED
} //End winGame method
/**
* When the player presses the "P" button this method is called.
* It displays one of two messages based on how many points the player has
* at the time it is pressed. One message the player accepts their loss and
* for the other the game accepts their loss. Either way the player's
* point total and total number of misses are displayed and the
* mainScoreControl method is called.
*/
public static void endGame() {
if (playerPointCounter <= 499) {
String surrenderMsg = "Your surrender has been accepted, Captain!\n\n"
+ "Your Score: " + playerPointCounter + "\n"
+ "Misses: " + gameOverCounter;
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, surrenderMsg, "Surrender Accepted", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
}
else {
String endGameMsg = "We accept our defeat... for now!\n\n"
+ "Your Score: " + playerPointCounter + "\n"
+ "Misses: " + gameOverCounter;
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, endGameMsg, "Game Over!", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
}
mainScoreControl();
//System.exit(1);
} //End endGame method
/**
* This method creates a new instance of HighScoreManager, adds the player's
* score to the ArrayList of high scores in the HSM Class via its addScore
* method, and outputs that information in a JOptionPane window.
*/
public static void mainScoreControl() {
HighScoreManager highScoreManager = new HighScoreManager();
highScoreManager.addScore(playerName,playerPointCounter);
System.out.print(highScoreManager.getHighscoreString());
String highScoreMsg = highScoreManager.getHighscoreStringMsg();
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, highScoreMsg, "High Scores", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
System.exit(1);
} //End mainScoreControl method
/**
* Called when Control-Alt-P is pressed so I can view the high scores without accidentally effecting anything.
*/
public static void showHighScores() {
HighScoreManager highScoreManager = new HighScoreManager();
String highScoreMsg = highScoreManager.getHighscoreStringMsg();
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, highScoreMsg, "High Scores", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
} //End showHighScores method
public static void keyTest() {
CacheManager cacheManager = new CacheManager();
String thing = cacheManager.getCoordinateString();
System.out.println(thing);
}
public static void mainCacheControl() {
CacheManager cacheManager = new CacheManager();
String newGcCode;
String newCoordinates;
String newAdminPassword;
String userEnteredPassword = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please Enter Your Admin Password: ");
String adminPassword = cacheManager.getAdminPasswordString();
if (userEnteredPassword.equals(adminPassword)) {
newGcCode = changeGcCode();
newCoordinates = changeCoordinates();
newAdminPassword = changeAdminPassword();
cacheManager.addCacheInfo(newAdminPassword, newGcCode, newCoordinates);
String newCacheInfoMsg = "Your new GC Code is: " + newGcCode + "\n" +
"Your new Coordinates are: " + newCoordinates + "\n" +
"Your new Admin Password is: " + newAdminPassword;
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, newCacheInfoMsg, "[ADMIN] Review New Cache Info", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
}
else {
String incorrectAdminPasswordMsg = "You incorrectly entered the Admin Password. Terminating Program.";
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, incorrectAdminPasswordMsg, "Incorrect Admin Password Entered", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
System.exit(666);
}
System.exit(1);
} //End mainScoreControl method
public static String changeGcCode() {
CacheManager cacheManager = new CacheManager();
String gcCode;
String gcChangeMsg = "Would you like to change the GC Code?";
int changeGcCode = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, gcChangeMsg, "[ADMIN] GC Code Options", JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION);
if (changeGcCode == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) {
gcCode = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please Enter the New GC Code: ");
}
else {
if (cacheManager.isListEmpty() == false) {
gcCode = cacheManager.getCacheGcCodeString();
}
else {
CacheInfo cacheInfo = new CacheInfo();
gcCode = cacheInfo.getGcCode();
}
}
return gcCode;
} //End changeGcCode method
public static String changeCoordinates() {
CacheManager cacheManager = new CacheManager();
String finalCoordinates;
String coordChangeMsg = "Would you like to change the Coordinates?";
int changeCoords = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, coordChangeMsg, "[ADMIN] Coordinate Options", JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION);
if (changeCoords == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) {
finalCoordinates = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please Enter the New Coordinates: ");
}
else {
if (cacheManager.isListEmpty() == false) {
finalCoordinates = cacheManager.getCoordinateString();
}
else {
CacheInfo cacheInfo = new CacheInfo();
finalCoordinates = cacheInfo.getFinalCoordinates();
}
}
return finalCoordinates;
} //End changeCoordinates method
public static String changeAdminPassword() {
CacheManager cacheManager = new CacheManager();
String adminPassword;
String coordChangeMsg = "Would you like to change the Admin Password?";
int changeAdminPassword = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, coordChangeMsg, "[ADMIN] Admin Password Options", JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION);
if (changeAdminPassword == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) {
adminPassword = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please Enter the New Admin Password: ");
}
else {
if (cacheManager.isListEmpty() == false) {
adminPassword = cacheManager.getAdminPasswordString();
}
else {
CacheInfo cacheInfo = new CacheInfo();
adminPassword = cacheInfo.getAdminPassword();
}
}
return adminPassword;
}
} //End of GamePane Class
答案 0 :(得分：1)
为了说明问题所在，让我们更简单一点：
public void setTextField() {
Text showScore = new Text("Score: "+String.valueOf(playerPointCounter));
this.getChildren().remove(showScore);
this.getChildren().add(showScore);
}
问题是：this.getChildren().remove(showScore);尝试删除刚刚创建的新showScore对象，该对象甚至不在窗格上，也不会删除以前的Text个节点，并且你正在为每次通话添加一个新实例。
第一个解决方案是删除找到的所有Text个实例：
public void setTextField() {
Text showScore = new Text("Score: "+String.valueOf(playerPointCounter));
this.getChildren().removeIf(Text.class::isInstance);
this.getChildren().add(showScore);
}
注意removeIf需要Java 8.因为这不是最好的解决方案，所以我不会进入Java 7版本。此外，它还会删除所有其他可能的文本，因此您可以为文本设置id并删除具有该ID的节点。
第二个选项：在您的班级中创建一个全局Text节点：
final Text showScore;
public GamePane() {
...
showScore=new Text();
this.getChildren().add(showScore);
}
现在简单更新它的文字属性：
public void setTextField() {
showScore.setText("Score: " + String.valueOf(playerPointCounter)
+ "\nMisses: " + String.valueOf(gameOverCounter));
showScore.setLayoutX(25);
showScore.setLayoutY(35);
showScore.setFill(Color.WHITE);
//Font family, weight, font size
showScore.setFont(Font.font("Baskerville Old Face", FontWeight.BOLD, 20));
}
请注意，每次调用setTextfield()时都要布局控件，因此可以将其移动到构造函数中。
第三个选项：创建节点，并使用一些限制它的属性。仅调用setTextField()一次，以创建绑定并布置节点。然后，您只需在需要时递增计数器（例如incrementPointCounter()）：
private final Text showScore=new Text();
private final IntegerProperty playerPointCounter=new SimpleIntegerProperty();
private final IntegerProperty gameOverCounter=new SimpleIntegerProperty();
public void setTextField() {
showScore.textProperty().bind(Bindings.concat("Score: ")
.concat(playerPointCounter.asString())
.concat("\nMisses: ").concat(gameOverCounter.asString()));
showScore.setLayoutX(25);
showScore.setLayoutY(35);
showScore.setFill(Color.WHITE);
//Font family, weight, font size
showScore.setFont(Font.font("Baskerville Old Face", FontWeight.BOLD, 20));
this.getChildren().add(showScore);
}
public void incrementPointCounter(){
playerPointCounter.set(playerPointCounter.get()+1);
}