雨燕5

Question

如何使用ISO 8601和RFC 3339的格式标准生成日期时间戳？

目标是一个如下所示的字符串：

"2015-01-01T00:00:00.000Z"

格式：

年，月，日，＆＃34; XXXX-XX-XX＆＃34;
这封信＆＃34; T＆＃34;作为分隔符
小时，分钟，秒，毫秒，＆＃34; XX：XX：XX.XXX＆＃34;。
这封信＆＃34; Z＆＃34;作为零偏移的区域指示符，a.k.a。UTC，GMT，祖鲁时间。

最佳案例：

简单，简洁，直接的Swift源代码。
无需使用任何其他框架，子项目，cocoapod，C代码等。

我已经搜索过StackOverflow，Google，Apple等，并且没有找到Swift的答案。

最有希望的课程是NSDate，NSDateFormatter，NSTimeZone。

相关问答：How do I get ISO 8601 date in iOS?

这是迄今为止我提出的最好的：

var now = NSDate()
var formatter = NSDateFormatter()
formatter.dateFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSS'Z'"
formatter.timeZone = NSTimeZone(forSecondsFromGMT: 0)
println(formatter.stringFromDate(now))

Answer 1

Xcode 9•Swift 4•iOS 11或更高版本

extension ISO8601DateFormatter {
    convenience init(_ formatOptions: Options, timeZone: TimeZone = TimeZone(secondsFromGMT: 0)!) {
        self.init()
        self.formatOptions = formatOptions
        self.timeZone = timeZone
    }
}

extension Formatter {
    static let iso8601 = ISO8601DateFormatter([.withInternetDateTime, .withFractionalSeconds])
}

extension Date {
    var iso8601: String {
        return Formatter.iso8601.string(from: self)
    }
}

extension String {
    var iso8601: Date? {
        return Formatter.iso8601.date(from: self)
    }
}

用法：

Date().description(with: .current)  //  Tuesday, February 5, 2019 at 10:35:01 PM Brasilia Summer Time"
let dateString = Date().iso8601   //  "2019-02-06T00:35:01.746Z"

if let date = dateString.iso8601 {
    date.description(with: .current) // "Tuesday, February 5, 2019 at 10:35:01 PM Brasilia Summer Time"
    print(date.iso8601)           //  "2019-02-06T00:35:01.746Z\n"
}

iOS 9•Swift 3或更高版本

extension Formatter {
    static let iso8601: DateFormatter = {
        let formatter = DateFormatter()
        formatter.calendar = Calendar(identifier: .iso8601)
        formatter.locale = Locale(identifier: "en_US_POSIX")
        formatter.timeZone = TimeZone(secondsFromGMT: 0)
        formatter.dateFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSXXXXX"
        return formatter
    }()
}

可编码协议

如果在使用Codable时需要对此格式进行编码和解码   协议，您可以创建自己的自定义日期编码/解码策略：

extension JSONDecoder.DateDecodingStrategy {
    static let iso8601withFractionalSeconds = custom {
        let container = try $0.singleValueContainer()
        let string = try container.decode(String.self)
        guard let date = Formatter.iso8601.date(from: string) else {
            throw DecodingError.dataCorruptedError(in: container,
                  debugDescription: "Invalid date: " + string)
        }
        return date
    }
}

和编码策略

extension JSONEncoder.DateEncodingStrategy {
    static let iso8601withFractionalSeconds = custom {
        var container = $1.singleValueContainer()
        try container.encode(Formatter.iso8601.string(from: $0))
    }
}

游乐场测试

let dates = [Date()]   // ["Feb 8, 2019 at 9:48 PM"]

编码

let encoder = JSONEncoder()
encoder.dateEncodingStrategy = .iso8601withFractionalSeconds
let data = try! encoder.encode(dates)
String(data: data, encoding: .utf8)! // ["2019-02-08T23:46:12.985Z"]\n"

解码

let decoder = JSONDecoder()
decoder.dateDecodingStrategy = .iso8601withFractionalSeconds
let decodedDates = try! decoder.decode([Date].self, from: data)  // ["Feb 8, 2019 at 9:48 PM"]

Answer 2

请务必按照Technical Q&A1480中的说明将语言区设置为en_US_POSIX。在Swift 3中：

let date = Date()
let formatter = DateFormatter()
formatter.dateFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSZZZZZ"
formatter.timeZone = TimeZone(secondsFromGMT: 0)
formatter.locale = Locale(identifier: "en_US_POSIX")
print(formatter.string(from: date))

问题在于，如果您使用的是非公历日历，那么除非您指定locale以及{{1}，否则年份将不符合RFC3339 / ISO8601 }和timeZone字符串。

或者您可以使用dateFormat让您摆脱自己设置ISO8601DateFormatter和locale的杂草：

timeZone

对于Swift 2的演绎，请参阅previous revision of this answer。

Answer 3

如果您想将ISO8601DateFormatter()与Rails 4+ JSON提要中的日期一起使用（当然不需要毫秒），您需要在格式化程序上设置一些选项才能使其正常工作否则date(from: string)函数将返回nil。这是我正在使用的：

extension Date {
    init(dateString:String) {
        self = Date.iso8601Formatter.date(from: dateString)!
    }

    static let iso8601Formatter: ISO8601DateFormatter = {
        let formatter = ISO8601DateFormatter()
        formatter.formatOptions = [.withFullDate,
                                          .withTime,
                                          .withDashSeparatorInDate,
                                          .withColonSeparatorInTime]
        return formatter
    }()
}

以下是使用选项中不包含在操场屏幕截图中的结果：

Answer 4

雨燕5

如果您要定位的是iOS 11.0+ / macOS 10.13+，则只需将ISO8601DateFormatter与withInternetDateTime和withFractionalSeconds选项结合使用，就像这样：

let date = Date()

let iso8601DateFormatter = ISO8601DateFormatter()
iso8601DateFormatter.formatOptions = [.withInternetDateTime, .withFractionalSeconds]
let string = iso8601DateFormatter.string(from: date)

// string looks like "2020-03-04T21:39:02.112Z"

Answer 5

为了进一步称赞AndrésTorresMarroquín和Leo Dabus，我有一个保留小数秒的版本。我无法在任何地方找到它，但Apple会在输入和输出上截断微秒（精度为3位）的小数秒（即使使用SSSSSSS指定，与Unicode tr35-31相反）。

我应该强调，对于大多数用例来说可能不是必需的。在线日期通常不需要毫秒精度，当它们这样做时，通常最好使用不同的数据格式。但有时必须以特定方式与预先存在的系统进行互操作。

Xcode 8/9和Swift 3.0-3.2

extension Date {
    struct Formatter {
        static let iso8601: DateFormatter = {
            let formatter = DateFormatter()
            formatter.calendar = Calendar(identifier: .iso8601)
            formatter.locale = Locale(identifier: "en_US_POSIX")
            formatter.timeZone = TimeZone(identifier: "UTC")
            formatter.dateFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSSSSXXXXX"
            return formatter
        }()
    }

    var iso8601: String {
        // create base Date format 
         var formatted = DateFormatter.iso8601.string(from: self)

        // Apple returns millisecond precision. find the range of the decimal portion
         if let fractionStart = formatted.range(of: "."),
             let fractionEnd = formatted.index(fractionStart.lowerBound, offsetBy: 7, limitedBy: formatted.endIndex) {
             let fractionRange = fractionStart.lowerBound..<fractionEnd
            // replace the decimal range with our own 6 digit fraction output
             let microseconds = self.timeIntervalSince1970 - floor(self.timeIntervalSince1970)
             var microsecondsStr = String(format: "%.06f", microseconds)
             microsecondsStr.remove(at: microsecondsStr.startIndex)
             formatted.replaceSubrange(fractionRange, with: microsecondsStr)
        }
         return formatted
    }
}

extension String {
    var dateFromISO8601: Date? {
        guard let parsedDate = Date.Formatter.iso8601.date(from: self) else {
            return nil
        }

        var preliminaryDate = Date(timeIntervalSinceReferenceDate: floor(parsedDate.timeIntervalSinceReferenceDate))

        if let fractionStart = self.range(of: "."),
            let fractionEnd = self.index(fractionStart.lowerBound, offsetBy: 7, limitedBy: self.endIndex) {
            let fractionRange = fractionStart.lowerBound..<fractionEnd
            let fractionStr = self.substring(with: fractionRange)

            if var fraction = Double(fractionStr) {
                fraction = Double(floor(1000000*fraction)/1000000)
                preliminaryDate.addTimeInterval(fraction)
            }
        }
        return preliminaryDate
    }
}

Answer 6

In my case I have to convert the DynamoDB - lastUpdated column (Unix Timestamp) to Normal Time.

The initial value of lastUpdated was : 1460650607601 - converted down to 2016-04-14 16:16:47 +0000 via :

   if let lastUpdated : String = userObject.lastUpdated {

                let epocTime = NSTimeInterval(lastUpdated)! / 1000 // convert it from milliseconds dividing it by 1000

                let unixTimestamp = NSDate(timeIntervalSince1970: epocTime) //convert unix timestamp to Date
                let dateFormatter = NSDateFormatter()
                dateFormatter.timeZone = NSTimeZone()
                dateFormatter.locale = NSLocale.currentLocale() // NSLocale(localeIdentifier: "en_US_POSIX")
                dateFormatter.dateFormat =  "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ssZZZZZ"
                dateFormatter.dateFromString(String(unixTimestamp))

                let updatedTimeStamp = unixTimestamp
                print(updatedTimeStamp)

            }

Answer 7

有一个新的ISO8601DateFormatter类让你创建一个只有一行的字符串。为了向后兼容，我使用了一个旧的C库。我希望这对某人有用。

Swift 3.0

extension Date {
    var iso8601: String {
        if #available(OSX 10.12, iOS 10.0, watchOS 3.0, tvOS 10.0, *) {
            return ISO8601DateFormatter.string(from: self, timeZone: TimeZone.current, formatOptions: .withInternetDateTime)
        } else {
            var buffer = [CChar](repeating: 0, count: 25)
            var time = time_t(self.timeIntervalSince1970)
            strftime_l(&buffer, buffer.count, "%FT%T%z", localtime(&time), nil)
            return String(cString: buffer)
        }
    }
}

Answer 8

在iOS10或更新版本上使用ISO8601DateFormatter。

在iOS9或更早版本上使用DateFormatter。

Swift 4

protocol DateFormatterProtocol {
    func string(from date: Date) -> String
    func date(from string: String) -> Date?
}

extension DateFormatter: DateFormatterProtocol {}

@available(iOS 10.0, *)
extension ISO8601DateFormatter: DateFormatterProtocol {}

struct DateFormatterShared {
    static let iso8601: DateFormatterProtocol = {
        if #available(iOS 10, *) {
            return ISO8601DateFormatter()
        } else {
            // iOS 9
            let formatter = DateFormatter()
            formatter.calendar = Calendar(identifier: .iso8601)
            formatter.locale = Locale(identifier: "en_US_POSIX")
            formatter.timeZone = TimeZone(secondsFromGMT: 0)
            formatter.dateFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSXXXXX"
            return formatter
        }
    }()
}

Answer 9

为了补充Leo Dabus的版本，我添加了对Swift和Objective-C编写的项目的支持，还增加了对可选毫秒的支持，可能不是最好的，但你会明白：

Xcode 8和Swift 3

extension Date {
    struct Formatter {
        static let iso8601: DateFormatter = {
            let formatter = DateFormatter()
            formatter.calendar = Calendar(identifier: .iso8601)
            formatter.locale = Locale(identifier: "en_US_POSIX")
            formatter.timeZone = TimeZone(secondsFromGMT: 0)
            formatter.dateFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSXXXXX"
            return formatter
        }()
    }

    var iso8601: String {
        return Formatter.iso8601.string(from: self)
    }
}


extension String {
    var dateFromISO8601: Date? {
        var data = self
        if self.range(of: ".") == nil {
            // Case where the string doesn't contain the optional milliseconds
            data = data.replacingOccurrences(of: "Z", with: ".000000Z")
        }
        return Date.Formatter.iso8601.date(from: data)
    }
}


extension NSString {
    var dateFromISO8601: Date? {
        return (self as String).dateFromISO8601
    }
}

Answer 10

没有一些手动的字符串掩码或TimeFormatters

import Foundation

struct DateISO: Codable {
    var date: Date
}

extension Date{
    var isoString: String {
        let encoder = JSONEncoder()
        encoder.dateEncodingStrategy = .iso8601
        guard let data = try? encoder.encode(DateISO(date: self)),
        let json = try? JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: .allowFragments) as?  [String: String]
            else { return "" }
        return json?.first?.value ?? ""
    }
}

let dateString = Date().isoString

Answer 11

基于对象范例中可接受的答案

class ISO8601Format
{
    let format: ISO8601DateFormatter

    init() {
        let format = ISO8601DateFormatter()
        format.formatOptions = [.withInternetDateTime, .withFractionalSeconds]
        format.timeZone = TimeZone(secondsFromGMT: 0)!
        self.format = format
    }

    func date(from string: String) -> Date {
        guard let date = format.date(from: string) else { fatalError() }
        return date
    }

    func string(from date: Date) -> String { return format.string(from: date) }
}


class ISO8601Time
{
    let date: Date
    let format = ISO8601Format() //FIXME: Duplication

    required init(date: Date) { self.date = date }

    convenience init(string: String) {
        let format = ISO8601Format() //FIXME: Duplication
        let date = format.date(from: string)
        self.init(date: date)
    }

    func concise() -> String { return format.string(from: date) }

    func description() -> String { return date.description(with: .current) }
}

呼叫站点

let now = Date()
let time1 = ISO8601Time(date: now)
print("time1.concise(): \(time1.concise())")
print("time1: \(time1.description())")


let time2 = ISO8601Time(string: "2020-03-24T23:16:17.661Z")
print("time2.concise(): \(time2.concise())")
print("time2: \(time2.description())")

如何创建日期时间戳并格式化为ISO 8601，RFC 3339，UTC时区？

11 个答案:

雨燕5

Swift 4