有没有办法在Swift中的map
或reduce
中获取数组的索引?我在Ruby中寻找类似each_with_index
的东西。
func lunhCheck(number : String) -> Bool
{
var odd = true;
return reverse(number).map { String($0).toInt()! }.reduce(0) {
odd = !odd
return $0 + (odd ? ($1 == 9 ? 9 : ($1 * 2) % 9) : $1)
} % 10 == 0
}
lunhCheck("49927398716")
lunhCheck("49927398717")
我想摆脱odd
变量above。
答案 0 :(得分:233)
您可以使用enumerate
将序列(Array
,String
等)转换为具有整数计数器并且元素配对在一起的元组序列。那就是:
let numbers = [7, 8, 9, 10]
let indexAndNum: [String] = numbers.enumerate().map { (index, element) in
return "\(index): \(element)"
}
print(indexAndNum)
// ["0: 7", "1: 8", "2: 9", "3: 10"]
请注意,这与获取集合的 index 不同 - enumerate
会返回一个整数计数器。这与数组的索引相同,但在字符串或字典上不会非常有用。要获取实际索引以及每个元素,可以使用zip
:
let actualIndexAndNum: [String] = zip(numbers.indices, numbers).map { "\($0): \($1)" }
print(actualIndexAndNum)
// ["0: 7", "1: 8", "2: 9", "3: 10"]
当使用带有reduce
的枚举序列时,您将无法分离元组中的索引和元素,因为您已在方法签名中具有累积/当前元组。相反,您需要在.0
关闭的第二个参数上使用.1
和reduce
:
let summedProducts = numbers.enumerate().reduce(0) { (accumulate, current) in
return accumulate + current.0 * current.1
// ^ ^
// index element
}
print(summedProducts) // 56
由于Swift 3.0语法完全不同 此外,您可以使用短语法/内联在字典上映射数组:
let numbers = [7, 8, 9, 10]
let array: [(Int, Int)] = numbers.enumerated().map { ($0, $1) }
// ^ ^
// index element
产生:
[(0, 7), (1, 8), (2, 9), (3, 10)]
答案 1 :(得分:9)
对于extension Array {
public func mapWithIndex<T> (f: (Int, Element) -> T) -> [T] {
return zip((self.startIndex ..< self.endIndex), self).map(f)
}
}
,我写了下一个函数:
let numbers = [7, 8, 9, 10]
let numbersWithIndex: [String] = numbers.mapWithIndex { (index, number) -> String in
return "\(index): \(number)"
}
print("Numbers: \(numbersWithIndex)")
然后像这样使用它:
/etc/
答案 2 :(得分:6)
使用Swift 3时,如果有一个符合Sequence
协议的对象,并且想要将其中的每个元素与其索引链接,则可以使用enumerated()
方法。
例如:
let array = [1, 18, 32, 7]
let enumerateSequence = array.enumerated() // type: EnumerateSequence<[Int]>
let newArray = Array(enumerateSequence)
print(newArray) // prints: [(0, 1), (1, 18), (2, 32), (3, 7)]
let reverseRandomAccessCollection = [1, 18, 32, 7].reversed()
let enumerateSequence = reverseRandomAccessCollection.enumerated() // type: EnumerateSequence<ReverseRandomAccessCollection<[Int]>>
let newArray = Array(enumerateSequence)
print(newArray) // prints: [(0, 7), (1, 32), (2, 18), (3, 1)]
let reverseCollection = "8763".characters.reversed()
let enumerateSequence = reverseCollection.enumerated() // type: EnumerateSequence<ReverseCollection<String.CharacterView>>
let newArray = enumerateSequence.map { ($0.0 + 1, String($0.1) + "A") }
print(newArray) // prints: [(1, "3A"), (2, "6A"), (3, "7A"), (4, "8A")]
因此,在最简单的情况下,您可以在Playground中实现Luhn算法,如下所示:
let array = [8, 7, 6, 3]
let reversedArray = array.reversed()
let enumerateSequence = reversedArray.enumerated()
let luhnClosure = { (sum: Int, tuple: (index: Int, value: Int)) -> Int in
let indexIsOdd = tuple.index % 2 == 1
guard indexIsOdd else { return sum + tuple.value }
let newValue = tuple.value == 9 ? 9 : tuple.value * 2 % 9
return sum + newValue
}
let sum = enumerateSequence.reduce(0, luhnClosure)
let bool = sum % 10 == 0
print(bool) // prints: true
如果您从String
开始,可以像这样实现:
let characterView = "8763".characters
let mappedArray = characterView.flatMap { Int(String($0)) }
let reversedArray = mappedArray.reversed()
let enumerateSequence = reversedArray.enumerated()
let luhnClosure = { (sum: Int, tuple: (index: Int, value: Int)) -> Int in
let indexIsOdd = tuple.index % 2 == 1
guard indexIsOdd else { return sum + tuple.value }
let newValue = tuple.value == 9 ? 9 : tuple.value * 2 % 9
return sum + newValue
}
let sum = enumerateSequence.reduce(0, luhnClosure)
let bool = sum % 10 == 0
print(bool) // prints: true
如果您需要重复这些操作,可以将代码重构为扩展名:
extension String {
func luhnCheck() -> Bool {
let characterView = self.characters
let mappedArray = characterView.flatMap { Int(String($0)) }
let reversedArray = mappedArray.reversed()
let enumerateSequence = reversedArray.enumerated()
let luhnClosure = { (sum: Int, tuple: (index: Int, value: Int)) -> Int in
let indexIsOdd = tuple.index % 2 == 1
guard indexIsOdd else { return sum + tuple.value }
let newValue = tuple.value == 9 ? 9 : tuple.value * 2 % 9
return sum + newValue
}
let sum = enumerateSequence.reduce(0, luhnClosure)
return sum % 10 == 0
}
}
let string = "8763"
let luhnBool = string.luhnCheck()
print(luhnBool) // prints: true
或者,以一种非常简洁的方式:
extension String {
func luhnCheck() -> Bool {
let sum = characters
.flatMap { Int(String($0)) }
.reversed()
.enumerated()
.reduce(0) {
let indexIsOdd = $1.0 % 2 == 1
guard indexIsOdd else { return $0 + $1.1 }
return $0 + ($1.1 == 9 ? 9 : $1.1 * 2 % 9)
}
return sum % 10 == 0
}
}
let string = "8763"
let luhnBool = string.luhnCheck()
print(luhnBool) // prints: true
答案 3 :(得分:2)
除了Nate Cook的map
示例,您还可以将此行为应用于reduce
。
let numbers = [1,2,3,4,5]
let indexedNumbers = reduce(numbers, [:]) { (memo, enumerated) -> [Int: Int] in
return memo[enumerated.index] = enumerated.element
}
// [0: 1, 1: 2, 2: 3, 3: 4, 4: 5]
请注意,作为EnumerateSequence
传递给闭包的enumerated
不能以嵌套方式分解,因此必须在闭包内分解元组的成员(即。enumerated.index
)
答案 4 :(得分:2)
对于使用throws和rethrows的swift 2.1,这是一个有用的 CollectionType 扩展名:
extension CollectionType {
func map<T>(@noescape transform: (Self.Index, Self.Generator.Element) throws -> T) rethrows -> [T] {
return try zip((self.startIndex ..< self.endIndex), self).map(transform)
}
}
我知道这不是你要求的,但解决了你的问题。你可以试试这个swift 2.0 Luhn方法而不扩展任何东西:
func luhn(string: String) -> Bool {
var sum = 0
for (idx, value) in string.characters.reverse().map( { Int(String($0))! }).enumerate() {
sum += ((idx % 2 == 1) ? (value == 9 ? 9 : (value * 2) % 9) : value)
}
return sum > 0 ? sum % 10 == 0 : false
}