将集合传递给函数意味着该函数可以更改集合的元素吗?

时间:2015-01-08 13:17:21

标签: c# .net pass-by-reference pass-by-value

我实际上知道问题的答案(我认为),但我不知道原因...

所以,我知道如果我有一个类如下的课程:

class Man
{
    public string Name;
    public int Height;

    public Man() { }
    public Man(string i_name, int i_height)
    {
        Name = i_name;
        Height = i_height;
    }

}    

我有以下Program类(带主函数):

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        Program p = new Program();
        Man g = new Man("greg", 175);

        //assigning null to g inside the function.
        p.ChangeMan(g);


        Console.WriteLine(g == null? "the function changed g out side the function" : "the function did not change g out side the function");
        //the output of course is that the function did not change g outside the function.

        //now I am creating a list of Man and adding 5 Man instances to it.

        List<Man> manList = new List<Man>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
        {
            manList.Add(new Man("Gadi" + i.ToString(), 10 * i));
        }

        //assigning null to the list insdie the function
        p.ChangeList(manList);
        Console.WriteLine(manList == null ? "the function changed the list out side the function" : "the function did not change the list out side the function");
        //the output of cousre again is the function did not change the list out side the function

        //now comes the part I dont understand...


        p.ChangeManInAList(manList);

        Console.WriteLine("list count = " + manList.Count());
        //count is now 6.

        Console.WriteLine(manList[0] == null ? "the function changed the element out side the function" : "the function did not change the element out side the function");
        //the out again - the function did not change...


    }

    public void ChangeMan(Man g)
    {
        g = null;
    }

    public void ChangeManInAList(IList<Man> gadiList)
    {
        Man g = gadiList.First<Man>();
        g = null;
        Console.WriteLine(g == null? "g is null" : "g is not null");

        gadiList.Add(new Man("a new gadi", 200));
        Console.WriteLine("list count = " + gadiList.Count());
    }

    public void ChangeList(List<Man> list)
    {
        list = null;
    }


}

我将null分配给列表的第一个元素+将一个Man添加到列表中。我希望如果我可以添加到列表中,我也可以更改元素,但我看到了不同的...

我能够将一个Man添加到列表但是无法将null赋给其中一个元素,为什么会这样?我知道列表是按值传递的,所以我无法更改列表本身(比如为它分配null),但我可以添加它吗?并且不能为元素赋值null?他们是否也被val传过来了?

会很高兴得到一些清晰的解释:)

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

这是你的困惑点:

 Man g = gadiList.First<Man>();
 g = null;

您实际上在做的是从列表中获取Man并将其分配给本地变量g
然后,为变量g分配不同的值。

这里没有更改列表中任何成员的值,您只需更改变量g所指的值。

让我们尝试将它与此示例进行比较:

int a = 5;
int b = a;
b = 3;
//you wouldn't expect `a` to be 3 now, would you?

为了更改列表项的值,您需要将列表索引显式设置为不同的值:

Man g = gadiList.First<Man>();
gadiList[gadiList.IndexOf(g)] = null;

//or specifically in this case:
gadiList[0] = null;

答案 1 :(得分:0)

当您从列表中获取元素时,您将获得对列表项的新引用。 因此,您将获得两个引用:一个(列表对象中的私有引用),您的引用。 将引用设置为null时,它不会影响列表对象中的引用。您的引用变为null,但私有列表引用保持不变。