我坚持从简单的java到spring的简单重构。 Application有一个“Container”对象,它在运行时实例化其部件。让我解释一下代码:
public class Container {
private List<RuntimeBean> runtimeBeans = new ArrayList<RuntimeBean>();
public void load() {
// repeated several times depending on external data/environment
RuntimeBean beanRuntime = createRuntimeBean();
runtimeBeans.add(beanRuntime);
}
public RuntimeBean createRuntimeBean() {
// should create bean which internally can have some
// spring annotations or in other words
// should be managed by spring
}
}
基本上,在加载容器期间要求某个外部系统向他提供有关每个RuntimeBean的数量和配置的信息,然后根据给定的规范创建bean。
问题是:通常在春天做的时候
ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(ApplicationConfiguration.class);
Container container = (Container) context.getBean("container");
我们的对象已完全配置并注入了所有依赖项。但在我的情况下,我必须实例化一些在执行load()方法后也需要依赖注入的对象。 我怎样才能做到这一点?
我正在使用基于java的配置。我已经尝试为RuntimeBeans创建一个工厂:
public class BeanRuntimeFactory {
@Bean
public RuntimeBean createRuntimeBean() {
return new RuntimeBean();
}
}
期望@Bean在所谓的'lite'模式下工作。 http://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/current/javadoc-api/org/springframework/context/annotation/Bean.html不幸的是,我发现只是做新的RuntimeBean()没有区别; 这是一篇有类似问题的帖子:How to get beans created by FactoryBean spring managed?
还有http://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/current/javadoc-api/org/springframework/beans/factory/annotation/Configurable.html但在我的情况下它看起来像锤子。
我还尝试了ApplicationContext.getBean(“runtimeBean”,args),其中runtimeBean具有“Prototype”范围,但getBean是一个糟糕的解决方案。
Upd1。 为了更具体,我试图重构这个类: https://github.com/apache/lucene-solr/blob/trunk/solr/core/src/java/org/apache/solr/core/CoreContainer.java @see #load()方法并找到“return create(cd,false);”
UPD2。 我在spring文档中发现了一个非常有趣的“查找方法注入”: http://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/current/spring-framework-reference/html/beans.html#beans-factory-lookup-method-injection
还有一张有趣的jira票https://jira.spring.io/browse/SPR-5192,其中Phil Webb说https://jira.spring.io/browse/SPR-5192?focusedCommentId=86051&page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel#comment-86051应该在这里使用javax.inject.Provider(它让我想起Guice)。
Upd4。 所有这些'lookup'方法的问题是它们不支持传递任何参数。我还需要像applicationContext.getBean(“runtimeBean”,arg1,arg2)那样传递参数。看起来它已在https://jira.spring.io/browse/SPR-7431
的某个时刻得到修复Upd5。 Google Guice有一个称为AssistedInject的简洁功能。 https://github.com/google/guice/wiki/AssistedInject
答案 0 :(得分:5)
看起来我找到了解决方案。因为我使用基于java的配置,它甚至比你想象的更简单。 xml中的替代方法是lookup-method,但仅限于spring version 4.1.X,因为它支持将参数传递给方法。
这是一个完整的工作示例:
public class Container {
private List<RuntimeBean> runtimeBeans = new ArrayList<RuntimeBean>();
private RuntimeBeanFactory runtimeBeanFactory;
public void load() {
// repeated several times depending on external data/environment
runtimeBeans.add(createRuntimeBean("Some external info1"));
runtimeBeans.add(createRuntimeBean("Some external info2"));
}
public RuntimeBean createRuntimeBean(String info) {
// should create bean which internally can have some
// spring annotations or in other words
// should be managed by spring
return runtimeBeanFactory.createRuntimeBean(info)
}
public void setRuntimeBeanFactory(RuntimeBeanFactory runtimeBeanFactory) {
this.runtimeBeanFactory = runtimeBeanFactory
}
}
public interface RuntimeBeanFactory {
RuntimeBean createRuntimeBean(String info);
}
//and finally
@Configuration
public class ApplicationConfiguration {
@Bean
Container container() {
Container container = new Container(beanToInject());
container.setBeanRuntimeFactory(runtimeBeanFactory());
return container;
}
// LOOK HOW IT IS SIMPLE IN THE JAVA CONFIGURATION
@Bean
public BeanRuntimeFactory runtimeBeanFactory() {
return new BeanRuntimeFactory() {
public RuntimeBean createRuntimeBean(String beanName) {
return runtimeBean(beanName);
}
};
}
@Bean
@Scope(ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE)
RuntimeBean runtimeBean(String beanName) {
return new RuntimeBean(beanName);
}
}
class RuntimeBean {
@Autowired
Container container;
}
那就是它。
谢谢大家。
答案 1 :(得分:2)
我认为使用
你的概念是错误的
RuntimeBean beanRuntime = createRuntimeBean();
你绕过Spring容器并使用常规的java构造函数,因此忽略了工厂方法的任何注释,而且这个bean永远不会被Spring管理
这里是在一个方法中创建多个原型bean的解决方案,不是很漂亮,但应该工作,我在RuntimeBean中自动装配容器作为日志中显示的自动装配的证明,你也可以在日志中看到每个bean都是原型的新实例你跑了。
'
@Configuration
@ComponentScan
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Application.class);
Container container = (Container) context.getBean("container");
container.load();
}
}
@Component
class Container {
private List<RuntimeBean> runtimeBeans = new ArrayList<RuntimeBean>();
@Autowired
ApplicationContext context;
@Autowired
private ObjectFactory<RuntimeBean> myBeanFactory;
public void load() {
// repeated several times depending on external data/environment
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
// **************************************
// COMENTED OUT THE WRONG STUFFF
// RuntimeBean beanRuntime = context.getBean(RuntimeBean.class);
// createRuntimeBean();
//
// **************************************
RuntimeBean beanRuntime = myBeanFactory.getObject();
runtimeBeans.add(beanRuntime);
System.out.println(beanRuntime + " " + beanRuntime.container);
}
}
@Bean
@Scope(BeanDefinition.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE)
public RuntimeBean createRuntimeBean() {
return new RuntimeBean();
}
}
// @Component
class RuntimeBean {
@Autowired
Container container;
} '
答案 2 :(得分:2)
您不需要Container
,因为所有运行时对象都应由ApplicationContext
创建,保存和管理。想想一个Web应用程序,它们大致相同。如上所述,每个请求都包含外部数据/环境信息。你需要的是一个原型/请求范围的bean,如ExternalData
或EnvironmentInfo
,可以通过静态方式读取和保存运行时数据,让我们说一个静态工厂方法
<bean id="externalData" class="ExternalData"
factory-method="read" scope="prototype"></bean>
<bean id="environmentInfo" class="EnvironmentInfo"
factory-method="read" scope="prototype/singleton"></bean>
<bean class="RuntimeBean" scope="prototype">
<property name="externalData" ref="externalData">
<property name="environmentInfo" ref="environmentInfo">
</bean>
如果确实需要一个容器来保存运行时对象,那么代码应该是
class Container {
List list;
ApplicationContext context;//injected by spring if Container is not a prototype bean
public void load() {// no loop inside, each time call load() will load a runtime object
RuntimeBean bean = context.getBean(RuntimeBean.class); // see official doc
list.add(bean);// do whatever
}
}
答案 3 :(得分:1)
可以使用BeanFactoryPostProcesor
动态注册bean。在这里,您可以在应用程序启动时执行此操作(spring的应用程序上下文正在初始化)。您不能注册bean乳胶,但是另一方面,您可以对bean使用依赖注入,因为它们成为“真正的” Spring bean。
public class DynamicBeansRegistar implements BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
@Override
public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
if (! (beanFactory instanceof BeanDefinitionRegistry)) {
throw new RuntimeException("BeanFactory is not instance of BeanDefinitionRegistry);
}
BeanDefinitionRegistry registry = (BeanDefinitionRegistry) beanFactory;
// here you can fire your logic to get definition for your beans at runtime and
// then register all beans you need (possibly inside a loop)
BeanDefinition dynamicBean = BeanDefinitionBuilder.
.rootBeanDefinition(TheClassOfYourDynamicBean.class) // here you define the class
.setScope(BeanDefinition.SCOPE_SINGLETON)
.addDependsOn("someOtherBean") // make sure all other needed beans are initialized
// you can set factory method, constructor args using other methods of this builder
.getBeanDefinition();
registry.registerBeanDefinition("your.bean.name", dynamicBean);
}
@Component
class SomeOtherClass {
// NOTE: it is possible to autowire the bean
@Autowired
private TheClassOfYourDynamicBean myDynamicBean;
}
如上所述,您仍然可以使用Spring的依赖注入,因为后处理器可以在实际的应用程序上下文中工作。
答案 4 :(得分:1)
一种简单的方法:
@Component
public class RuntimeBeanBuilder {
@Autowired
private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
public MyObject load(String beanName, MyObject myObject) {
ConfigurableApplicationContext configContext = (ConfigurableApplicationContext) applicationContext;
SingletonBeanRegistry beanRegistry = configContext.getBeanFactory();
if (beanRegistry.containsSingleton(beanName)) {
return beanRegistry.getSingleton(beanName);
} else {
beanRegistry.registerSingleton(beanName, myObject);
return beanRegistry.getSingleton(beanName);
}
}
}
@Service
public MyService{
//inject your builder and create or load beans
@Autowired
private RuntimeBeanBuilder builder;
//do something
}
您可以使用以下方法来代替使用SingletonBeanRegistry:
BeanFactory beanFactory = configContext.getBeanFactory();
无论如何,SingletonBeanBuilder扩展了HierarchicalBeanFactory,而HierarchicalBeanFactory扩展了BeanFactory