Question

我一直在阅读帖子，试图找出如何在没有npm install的情况下运行sudo。我还看到了以下文章，但我认为这是针对较旧版本的NPM。我完成了以下操作，产生的错误较少，但最后仍会抛出错误：

sudo chown -R $USER /usr/local

我唯一没有错误的方法就是运行sudo npm install，但我认为这不是一个好主意。

以下是我在运行后看到的内容。我的猜测是权限，但我真的不知道我应该知道哪些文件夹（如果有的话）。对于大量数据感到抱歉，我真的不知道什么是相关的。我在日志中看不到任何有用的东西（/var/www/budget/npm-debug.log），虽然它很大。还有什么我还需要知道吗？

$ npm install
npm WARN package.json budget@0.0.1 No description
npm WARN package.json budget@0.0.1 No repository field.
npm WARN package.json budget@0.0.1 No README data
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/grunt-contrib-watch
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/grunt-contrib-less
.
.
.
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/hawk/1.1.1
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/delayed-stream/0.0.5
npm ERR! Error: ENOENT, chmod '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/bl/test/test.js'
npm ERR! If you need help, you may report this log at:
npm ERR!     <http://github.com/isaacs/npm/issues>
npm ERR! or email it to:
npm ERR!     <npm-@googlegroups.com>

npm ERR! System Linux 3.13.0-40-generic
npm ERR! command "/usr/bin/nodejs" "/usr/bin/npm" "install"
npm ERR! cwd /var/www/budget
npm ERR! node -v v0.10.25
npm ERR! npm -v 1.3.10
npm ERR! path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/bl/test/test.js
npm ERR! fstream_path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/bl/test/test.js
npm ERR! fstream_type File
npm ERR! fstream_class FileWriter
npm ERR! fstream_finish_call chmod
npm ERR! code ENOENT
npm ERR! errno 34
npm ERR! fstream_stack /usr/lib/nodejs/fstream/lib/writer.js:305:19
npm ERR! fstream_stack Object.oncomplete (fs.js:107:15)
npm ERR! error rolling back Error: ENOTEMPTY, rmdir '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/node-uuid'
npm ERR! error rolling back  request@2.51.0 { [Error: ENOTEMPTY, rmdir '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/node-uuid']
npm ERR! error rolling back   errno: 53,
npm ERR! error rolling back   code: 'ENOTEMPTY',
npm ERR! error rolling back   path: '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/node-uuid' }
npm WARN optional dep failed, continuing request@2.51.0
npm ERR! Error: ENOENT, lstat '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/qs/lib/utils.js'
npm ERR! If you need help, you may report this log at:
npm ERR!     <http://github.com/isaacs/npm/issues>
npm ERR! or email it to:
npm ERR!     <npm-@googlegroups.com>

npm ERR! System Linux 3.13.0-40-generic
npm ERR! command "/usr/bin/nodejs" "/usr/bin/npm" "install"
npm ERR! cwd /var/www/budget
npm ERR! node -v v0.10.25
npm ERR! npm -v 1.3.10
npm ERR! path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/qs/lib/utils.js
npm ERR! fstream_path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/qs/lib/utils.js
npm ERR! fstream_type File
npm ERR! fstream_class FileWriter
npm ERR! code ENOENT
npm ERR! errno 34
npm ERR! fstream_stack /usr/lib/nodejs/fstream/lib/writer.js:284:26
npm ERR! fstream_stack Object.oncomplete (fs.js:107:15)
npm ERR! Error: ENOENT, lstat '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/http-signature/lib/util.js'
npm ERR! If you need help, you may report this log at:
npm ERR!     <http://github.com/isaacs/npm/issues>
npm ERR! or email it to:
npm ERR!     <npm-@googlegroups.com>

npm ERR! System Linux 3.13.0-40-generic
npm ERR! command "/usr/bin/nodejs" "/usr/bin/npm" "install"
npm ERR! cwd /var/www/budget
npm ERR! node -v v0.10.25
npm ERR! npm -v 1.3.10
npm ERR! path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/http-signature/lib/util.js
npm ERR! fstream_path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/http-signature/lib/util.js
npm ERR! fstream_type File
npm ERR! fstream_class FileWriter
npm ERR! code ENOENT
npm ERR! errno 34
npm ERR! fstream_stack /usr/lib/nodejs/fstream/lib/writer.js:284:26
npm ERR! fstream_stack Object.oncomplete (fs.js:107:15)
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/delayed-stream/0.0.5
npm ERR! Error: ENOENT, lstat '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/tough-cookie/test.js'
npm ERR! If you need help, you may report this log at:
npm ERR!     <http://github.com/isaacs/npm/issues>
npm ERR! or email it to:
npm ERR!     <npm-@googlegroups.com>

npm ERR! System Linux 3.13.0-40-generic
npm ERR! command "/usr/bin/nodejs" "/usr/bin/npm" "install"
npm ERR! cwd /var/www/budget
npm ERR! node -v v0.10.25
npm ERR! npm -v 1.3.10
npm ERR! path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/tough-cookie/test.js
npm ERR! fstream_path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/tough-cookie/test.js
npm ERR! fstream_type File
npm ERR! fstream_class FileWriter
npm ERR! code ENOENT
npm ERR! errno 34
npm ERR! fstream_stack /usr/lib/nodejs/fstream/lib/writer.js:284:26
npm ERR! fstream_stack Object.oncomplete (fs.js:107:15)
grunt-cache-breaker@1.0.1 node_modules/grunt-cache-breaker
└── cache-breaker@0.0.4 (lodash@2.2.1)

grunt-contrib-watch@0.5.3 node_modules/grunt-contrib-watch
├── tiny-lr@0.0.4 (debug@0.7.4, faye-websocket@0.4.4, noptify@0.0.3, qs@0.5.6)
└── gaze@0.4.3 (globule@0.1.0)

grunt@0.4.5 node_modules/grunt
├── which@1.0.8
├── dateformat@1.0.2-1.2.3
├── eventemitter2@0.4.14
├── getobject@0.1.0
├── rimraf@2.2.8
├── colors@0.6.2
├── hooker@0.2.3
├── async@0.1.22
├── grunt-legacy-util@0.2.0
├── exit@0.1.2
├── minimatch@0.2.14 (sigmund@1.0.0, lru-cache@2.5.0)
├── lodash@0.9.2
├── coffee-script@1.3.3
├── underscore.string@2.2.1
├── iconv-lite@0.2.11
├── glob@3.1.21 (inherits@1.0.0, graceful-fs@1.2.3)
├── nopt@1.0.10 (abbrev@1.0.5)
├── findup-sync@0.1.3 (lodash@2.4.1, glob@3.2.11)
├── grunt-legacy-log@0.1.1 (underscore.string@2.3.3, lodash@2.4.1)
└── js-yaml@2.0.5 (argparse@0.1.16, esprima@1.0.4)

grunt-contrib-cssmin@0.10.0 node_modules/grunt-contrib-cssmin
├── chalk@0.4.0 (has-color@0.1.7, ansi-styles@1.0.0, strip-ansi@0.1.1)
├── clean-css@2.2.22 (commander@2.2.0)
└── maxmin@0.2.2 (figures@1.3.5, pretty-bytes@0.1.2, chalk@0.5.1, gzip-size@0.2.0)

grunt-contrib-less@0.7.0 node_modules/grunt-contrib-less
├── grunt-lib-contrib@0.6.1 (zlib-browserify@0.0.1)
└── less@1.4.2 (mime@1.2.11, mkdirp@0.3.5, ycssmin@1.0.1)
npm ERR! Error: Callback called more than once.
npm ERR!     at errorHandler (/usr/share/npm/lib/utils/error-handler.js:80:16)
npm ERR!     at save (/usr/share/npm/lib/install.js:329:12)
npm ERR!     at /usr/share/npm/lib/install.js:98:7
npm ERR!     at /usr/share/npm/lib/install.js:188:5
npm ERR!     at /usr/share/npm/node_modules/read-installed/read-installed.js:119:5
npm ERR!     at /usr/share/npm/node_modules/read-installed/read-installed.js:233:14
npm ERR!     at cb (/usr/lib/nodejs/slide/lib/async-map.js:48:11)
npm ERR!     at /usr/share/npm/node_modules/read-installed/read-installed.js:233:14
npm ERR!     at cb (/usr/lib/nodejs/slide/lib/async-map.js:48:11)
npm ERR!     at /usr/share/npm/node_modules/read-installed/read-installed.js:233:14
npm ERR! If you need help, you may report this log at:
npm ERR!     <http://github.com/isaacs/npm/issues>
npm ERR! or email it to:
npm ERR!     <npm-@googlegroups.com>

npm ERR! System Linux 3.13.0-40-generic
npm ERR! command "/usr/bin/nodejs" "/usr/bin/npm" "install"
npm ERR! cwd /var/www/budget
npm ERR! node -v v0.10.25
npm ERR! npm -v 1.3.10
npm ERR! Error: ENOENT, lstat '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/mime-types/lib/mime.json'
npm ERR! If you need help, you may report this log at:
npm ERR!     <http://github.com/isaacs/npm/issues>
npm ERR! or email it to:
npm ERR!     <npm-@googlegroups.com>

npm ERR! System Linux 3.13.0-40-generic
npm ERR! command "/usr/bin/nodejs" "/usr/bin/npm" "install"
npm ERR! cwd /var/www/budget
npm ERR! node -v v0.10.25
npm ERR! npm -v 1.3.10
npm ERR! path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/mime-types/lib/mime.json
npm ERR! fstream_path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/mime-types/lib/mime.json
npm ERR! fstream_type File
npm ERR! fstream_class FileWriter
npm ERR! code ENOENT
npm ERR! errno 34
npm ERR! fstream_stack /usr/lib/nodejs/fstream/lib/writer.js:284:26
npm ERR! fstream_stack Object.oncomplete (fs.js:107:15)
npm ERR! Error: ENOENT, lstat '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/hawk/images/logo.png'
npm ERR! If you need help, you may report this log at:
npm ERR!     <http://github.com/isaacs/npm/issues>
npm ERR! or email it to:
npm ERR!     <npm-@googlegroups.com>

npm ERR! System Linux 3.13.0-40-generic
npm ERR! command "/usr/bin/nodejs" "/usr/bin/npm" "install"
npm ERR! cwd /var/www/budget
npm ERR! node -v v0.10.25
npm ERR! npm -v 1.3.10
npm ERR! path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/hawk/images/logo.png
npm ERR! fstream_path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/hawk/images/logo.png
npm ERR! fstream_type File
npm ERR! fstream_class FileWriter
npm ERR! code ENOENT
npm ERR! errno 34
npm ERR! fstream_stack /usr/lib/nodejs/fstream/lib/writer.js:284:26
npm ERR! fstream_stack Object.oncomplete (fs.js:107:15)
npm ERR! 
npm ERR! Additional logging details can be found in:
npm ERR!     /var/www/budget/npm-debug.log
npm ERR! not ok code 0

Answer 1

如果你想在不使用sudo的情况下运行像npm install -g protractor这样的命令，你需要

配置NPM以将包文件复制到并且从不需要sudo权限的位置执行（我相信Ubuntu中唯一允许默认使用此位置的地方是/home/user-name/）
。
在确定可从命令提示符运行的脚本/程序时，更新BASH查找的$ PATH变量

首先需要确定当前配置节点的位置以安装全局包

基于NPM official config docs - 以及其他各种来源运行：

$ npm config get prefix

或

$ npm config list

或（显示所有配置默认值）

$ npm config ls -l

NPM 前缀值确定安装节点包的位置。

换句话说，如果运行npm config list的结果如下：

; userconfig /home/michael/.npmrc
prefix = "/home/michael/npm"

这意味着

您有一个用户级别配置/home/michael/.npmrc，NPM将以比全局/系统配置文件更高的优先级解析
当您指定全局安装npm install -g protractor时，量角器文件将安装到/home/michael/npm

现在进行更改！

使用以下方式直接设置prefix

npm config set prefix ~/npm

将NPM包脚本文件放入BASH的路径

使用以下内容附加（编辑）.bashrc文件

export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/npm/bin"

并运行

$ source .bashrc

重新解析.bashrc脚本

Answer 2

从日志中，您似乎已将应用程序存储在/var/www/budget中，cwd存入此目录并运行npm install。但是，此路径最常由Apache服务用户拥有（ apache 或 httpd ，不确定哪一个，它可能还取决于您使用的软件）。< / p>

我不建议将此文件夹的所有权归您的用户帐户所有。但是，将您的用户帐户放入 apache 用户组并更改权限以便该组具有读/写访问权限（如果它尚未访问）可能是完全正确的：

（确保该组在执行之前确实是 apache ，以免您将r / w权限授予其他组）

sudo chmod -R g+r,g+w /var/www

一般情况下，您已允许自己全局安装npm模块（使用-g标志进入 / usr / local ），但您的应用程序不在该目录中，因此您必须决定修改特定应用程序路径的权限设置的最佳操作方法。

Answer 3

我认为最好的方法是使用版本管理器，例如nvm或n。通过这种方式，您可以安装不同版本的节点并在它们之间轻松切换，并且可执行文件将存储在不同的PATH中，以防~/.nvm/v0.10.33/bin中的nvm，因此不再需要sudo。

Answer 4

一种冒险的方式，去/ etc / sudoers＆amp;最后添加这一行：

USERNAME HOSTNAME = (root) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/npm

USERNAME - 您无需为其检查sudo权限

的用户

HOSTNAME - 您的计算机域名

编辑/ etc / sudoers时出现的任何错误都会使你的sudo命令停止工作＆amp;你需要使用grub模式来恢复你的电脑。

如何在没有sudo的情况下运行NPM？

4 个答案:

首先需要确定当前配置节点的位置以安装全局包

NPM 前缀值确定安装节点包的位置。

将NPM包脚本文件放入BASH的路径