很长一段时间,我尝试使用LVM_GETITEMW
消息和LVIF_TEXT
掩码来获取ListView的文本。我的程序工作在32位但不是64位架构。
我发现问题发生在LVITEM
结构上。不久,我的问题是哪个结构适合64位,为什么。
我用作LVITEMW
结构的结构包含以下字段:
('mask', c_uint32),
('iItem', c_int32),
('iSubItem', c_int32),
('state', c_uint32),
('stateMask', c_uint32),
('pszText', c_uint32),
('cchTextMax', c_int32),
('iImage', c_int32),
('lParam', c_uint64),
('iIndent', c_int32),
('iGroupId', c_int32),
('cColumns', c_uint32),
('puColumns', c_uint32),
('piColFmt', c_int32),
('iGroup', c_int32)
(用python 2.7 ctypes编写,但这只是一种写作形式 - 这种语言真的无关紧要。)
这些字段与documented一样。
经过大量的谷歌搜索,我发现这个forum正是我所需要的 - 64位解决方案!
所以在64位结构中应该有更多的“空格”,看起来应该是这样的(指针现在是64位,而stateMask
也是64位。这与论坛有点不同建议但也有效):
('mask', c_uint32),
('iItem', c_int32),
('iSubItem', c_int32),
('state', c_uint32),
('stateMask', c_uint64), <-- Now 64 bit
('pszText', c_uint64), <-- Now 64 bit which makes sense since this is a pointer
('cchTextMax', c_int32),
('iImage', c_int32),
('lParam', c_uint64),
('iIndent', c_int32),
('iGroupId', c_int32),
('cColumns', c_uint32),
('puColumns', c_uint64), <-- Now 64 bit which makes sense since this is a pointer
('piColFmt', c_int64), <-- Now 64 bit which makes sense since this is a pointer
('iGroup', c_int32)
论坛建议:
('mask', c_uint32),
('iItem', c_int32),
('iSubItem', c_int32),
('state', c_uint32),
('stateMask', c_uint64),
('pszText', c_uint64),
('cchTextMax', c_int32),
('iImage', c_int64), <-- Now 64 bit
('lParam', c_uint32),
('iIndent', c_int32),
('iGroupId', c_int32),
('cColumns', c_uint32),
('puColumns', c_uint32),
('piColFmt', c_int32),
('iGroup', c_int64), <-- Now 128 bit all together
('iGroup2', c_int64) <-- continuation
哪个也有效,在我的需要列表中,这是pszText指向的文本。
我的问题是:
stateMask
为什么c_uint64
- 不应该与state
的大小相同?谢谢!
答案 0 :(得分:4)
感谢Raymond Chen的评论,我能够找到答案!
关于data alignment。每个指针应该是8个字节,并且还应该与可以除以8的地址对齐,所以有时在指针之前应该有一个填充。此外,结构的大小应该可以被min(max(sizeof(each field in the struct)), 8)
分割,在我们的例子中是8,因为指针的大小是8。
class LVITEMW_explicit(ctypes.Structure):
_pack_ = 1
_fields_ = [
('mask', c_uint32), # 0
('iItem', c_int32), # 4
('iSubItem', c_int32), # 8
('state', c_uint32), # 12
('stateMask', c_uint32), # 16
('padding1', c_int),
('pszText', c_uint64), # 20 --> 24 after padding (A pointer)
('cchTextMax', c_int32), # 32
('iImage', c_int32), # 36
('lParam', c_uint64), # 40 (On 32 bit should be c_long which is 32 bits)
('iIndent', c_int32), # 48
('iGroupId', c_int32), # 52
('cColumns', c_uint32), # 56
('padding2', c_int),
('puColumns', c_uint64), # 60 --> 64 after padding (A pointer)
('piColFmt', c_int64), # 72 (A pointer)
('iGroup', c_int32), # 80
('padding3', c_int32), # The total length was 84 before padding3 was added, which is not dividable by 8
]
或者应该真正写出来 - 没有_pack_ = 1
:
class LVITEMW(ctypes.Structure):
_fields_ = [
('mask', c_uint32),
('iItem', c_int32),
('iSubItem', c_int32),
('state', c_uint32),
('stateMask', c_uint32),
('pszText', c_uint64),
('cchTextMax', c_int32),
('iImage', c_int32),
('lParam', c_uint64), # On 32 bit should be c_long
('iIndent', c_int32),
('iGroupId', c_int32),
('cColumns', c_uint32),
('puColumns', c_uint64),
('piColFmt', c_int64),
('iGroup', c_int32),
]
确实ctypes.sizeof(LVITEMW)
返回88,与ctypes.sizeof(LVITEMW_explicit)
相同。
再次感谢有用的评论!