片段的Robolectric单元测试与ClassNotFoundException异常间歇性地失败

时间：2014-12-31 12:30:30

标签： unit-testing android-fragments gradle teamcity robolectric

我有一个基于TeamCity的构建，它通过Gradle运行单元测试。 Intermitentlly，涉及片段或活动的测试因ClassNotFoundException或android.support.v4.app.FragmentTransitionCompat21$ViewRetriever等类android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat21$SharedElementCallback21而失败。启动片段时测试失败，我已经尝试了所有方法从这个问题开始片段 - How can I test fragments with Robolectric?。

以下是测试的示例：

@Test
public void ContactSupportFragment_CallBtnClicked_CallWasMade() throws Exception
{
    ContactSupportFragment fragment = new ContactSupportFragment();
    startFragment(fragment);

    LinearLayout btnCall = (LinearLayout) fragment.getView().findViewById(R.id.contact_support_call_btn);
    btnCall.performClick();

    Mockito.verify(techSupportCall, Mockito.times(1)).call(Mockito.any(Context.class),
      Mockito.eq(Robolectric.application.getString(R.string.tech_support_phone_number)));
}

以下是堆栈跟踪的示例：

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: android/support/v4/app/FragmentTransitionCompat21$ViewRetriever
at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.beginTransaction(FragmentManager.java:481)
at org.robolectric.util.FragmentTestUtil.startFragment(FragmentTestUtil.java:25)
at com.asurion.solutohome.callsupport.ContactSupportFragmentTest.ContactSupportFragment_CallBtnClicked_CallWasMade(ContactSupportFragmentTest.java:70)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$2.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:236)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$1.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:158)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junit.JUnitTestClassExecuter.runTestClass(JUnitTestClassExecuter.java:86)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junit.JUnitTestClassExecuter.execute(JUnitTestClassExecuter.java:49)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junit.JUnitTestClassProcessor.processTestClass(JUnitTestClassProcessor.java:69)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.SuiteTestClassProcessor.processTestClass(SuiteTestClassProcessor.java:48)
at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:35)
at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:24)
at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ContextClassLoaderDispatch.dispatch(ContextClassLoaderDispatch.java:32)
at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ProxyDispatchAdapter$DispatchingInvocationHandler.invoke(ProxyDispatchAdapter.java:93)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy2.processTestClass(Unknown Source)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker.processTestClass(TestWorker.java:105)
at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:35)
at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:24)
at org.gradle.messaging.remote.internal.hub.MessageHub$Handler.run(MessageHub.java:360)
at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.DefaultExecutorFactory$StoppableExecutorImpl$1.run(DefaultExecutorFactory.java:64)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: android.support.v4.app.FragmentTransitionCompat21$ViewRetriever
at org.robolectric.bytecode.AsmInstrumentingClassLoader.loadClass(AsmInstrumentingClassLoader.java:88)
at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.$$robo$$FragmentManagerImpl_917e_beginTransaction(FragmentManager.java:481)
at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.beginTransaction(FragmentManager.java)
at org.robolectric.util.FragmentTestUtil.startFragment(FragmentTestUtil.java:25)
at com.asurion.solutohome.callsupport.ContactSupportFragmentTest.ContactSupportFragment_CallBtnClicked_CallWasMade(ContactSupportFragmentTest.java:70)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$2.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:236)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$1.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:158)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junit.JUnitTestClassExecuter.runTestClass(JUnitTestClassExecuter.java:86)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junit.JUnitTestClassExecuter.execute(JUnitTestClassExecuter.java:49)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junit.JUnitTestClassProcessor.processTestClass(JUnitTestClassProcessor.java:69)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.SuiteTestClassProcessor.processTestClass(SuiteTestClassProcessor.java:48)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:35)
at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:24)
at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ContextClassLoaderDispatch.dispatch(ContextClassLoaderDispatch.java:32)
at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ProxyDispatchAdapter$DispatchingInvocationHandler.invoke(ProxyDispatchAdapter.java:93)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy2.processTestClass(Unknown Source)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker.processTestClass(TestWorker.java:105)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)

它还没有在本地发生，只在TeamCity代理上发生，但是我的机器和代理之间没有发现任何不同（相同的SDK，相同的Gradle构建等）。 什么可能导致这些例外？

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：2)

因此，按照@ EugenMartynov的建议，我在构建运行测试之前为我的Teamcity构建添加了一个额外的汇编构建步骤，到目前为止，所有构建都已通过。似乎Robolectric确实存在CI构建的一些问题。

总而言之，我的构建运行不是构建一次并运行测试，而是运行：

  • 清理并构建
  • 再次构建并运行测试

所有测试都通过了每次构建。

答案 1 :(得分：0)

我对Robolectric的主题并不多，但您发送的堆栈跟踪看起来好像忘了添加二进制文件或jar，其中包括类 android.support.v4.app.FragmentTransitionCompat21 （我认为这个类包含在android SDK中）到你的类路径。

答案 2 :(得分：0)

根据@Fastas的回答。你可以运行

gradle test

这将解决问题，但至于它的确切原因，它尚未知。

就我个人而言，我认为这与我的app项目的依赖关系无法完全解决外部app-test项目的第一次构建。我在app-test/build.gradle中使用以下代码。 

dependencies {
    // other dependencies ...

    compile project(':app')
    testCompile androidModule.android.applicationVariants.toList().first().javaCompile.classpath
    testCompile androidModule.android.applicationVariants.toList().first().javaCompile.outputs.files
    testCompile files(androidModule.plugins.findPlugin("com.android.application").getBootClasspath())
}

上面，在classpath任务完成之前，outputs.files或assemble可能尚未完全解析。

更新：2015年3月23日

将我的测试套件移到app模块中的实验测试支持，为我解决了这个问题。

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