我有类型
data Type1 = A1 | B1 Bool | C1 Char | D1 Double
我需要第二种
data Type2 = A2 Type1
其中A2被限制为仅允许A1或B1
我知道我可以使用像
这样的智能构造函数mkA2 A1 = A2 A1
mkA2 b@(B1 _) = A2 b
但我想知道有没有办法强制限制类型系统级别?
答案 0 :(得分:4)
不,这在香草Haskell中是不可能的。你最好把它写成
data Type1 = A1 | B1 Bool
data Type2 = A2 Type1 | C2 Char | D2 Double
这不需要任何语言扩展或类型系统技巧,它更清楚地显示类型中的依赖关系,而不是限制。如果你想能够在它们之间进行转换,那么你可以做到
type2ToType1 :: Type2 -> Maybe Type1
type2ToType1 (A2 x) = Just x
type2ToType1 _ = Nothing
type1ToType2 :: Type1 -> Type2
type1ToType2 = A2
答案 1 :(得分:1)
也许你问的是更多的理论问题?通过花哨的扩展,有很多方法可以解决这类问题。例如,可以使用GADT将C1
和D1
的类型限制为Char -> Type1 ()
和Double -> Type1 ()
,但保持其他构造函数处于打开状态。因此,一切都将是Type1 ()
类型,但只有前两个类型可以是类型,例如Type1 Bool
。这是一个同样使用-XDataKinds
的变体,仅供您娱乐:
{-# LANGUAGE GADTs, DataKinds, KindSignatures #-}
{-# OPTIONS_GHC -Wall #-}
data Status = Special | Common -- This type we will 'promote' to a kind.
-- Its constructors will be used as
-- names of (memberless) types.
data Type (s :: Status) where
A :: Type s
B :: Bool -> Type s
C :: Char -> Type Common
D :: Double -> Type Common
type Type1 = Type Common -- This has the same constructors as your Type1
-- i.e. A, B, C and D
type Type2 = Type Special -- This has as many constructors as your Type2
-- but doesn't need a new declaration and wrapper
-- They are just A and B
mkGeneral :: Type2 -> Type s
mkGeneral A = A
mkGeneral (B b) = B b -- ghc -Wall sees no patterns are missing
mkCommon :: Type2 -> Type1
mkCommon = mkGeneral
mkSpecial :: Type s -> Maybe Type2
mkSpecial A = Just A
mkSpecial (B b) = Just (B b) -- ghc -Wall sees the need for the next line
mkSpecial _ = Nothing