如果a有一个像abcd
或1234
等字符串,我怎么能一起打印,第一个字符,然后是前两个字符,然后是前三个字符等?
例如对于string = 1234
我想打印/返回1121231234
或aababcabcd
到目前为止我有这个代码:
def string_splosion(str):
i = 0
while i <= len(str):
i += 1
print(str[:i])
print(string_splosion('abcd'))
但它会在单独的行中打印/返回它。我可以手动编写print(str[0:1], str[1:2] <...>)
,但是我怎么做python呢,因为我不知道字符串会有多长?
答案 0 :(得分:6)
您不应将str
用作变量名称,因为它会隐藏built-in str
type。您可以在循环中将切片的字符串连接在一起:
def string_splosion(string):
i, result = 0, ''
while i < len(string): # < instead of <=
i += 1
result += string[:i]
return result
def string_splosion(string):
return ''.join(string[:i] for i in range(1, len(string) + 1))
或使用itertools.accumulate
(Python 3.2 +):
import itertools
def string_splosion(string):
return ''.join(itertools.accumulate(string))
itertools.accumulate
方法似乎比str.join
方法快2倍,比原始基于循环的解决方案快1.5倍:
string_splosion_loop(abcdef): 2.3944241080715223
string_splosion_join_gen(abcdef): 2.757582983268288
string_splosion_join_lc(abcdef): 2.2879220573578865
string_splosion_itertools(abcdef): 1.1873638161591886
我用来计算功能的代码是
import itertools
from timeit import timeit
string = 'abcdef'
def string_splosion_loop():
i, result = 0, ''
while i < len(string):
i += 1
result += string[:i]
return result
def string_splosion_join_gen():
return ''.join(string[:i] for i in range(1, len(string) + 1))
def string_splosion_join_lc():
# str.join performs faster when the argument is a list
return ''.join([string[:i] for i in range(1, len(string) + 1)])
def string_splosion_itertools():
return ''.join(itertools.accumulate(string))
funcs = (string_splosion_loop, string_splosion_join_gen,
string_splosion_join_lc, string_splosion_itertools)
for f in funcs:
print('{.__name__}({}): {}'.format(f, string, timeit(f)))
答案 1 :(得分:4)
只需使用:
"".join([s[:i] for i in range(len(s)+1)])
正如@abc所说,不要将str
用作变量名,因为它是默认类型之一。见https://docs.python.org/2/library/stdtypes.html#sequence-types-str-unicode-list-tuple-bytearray-buffer-xrange
E.g:
>>> s = "1234"
>>> "".join([s[:i] for i in range(len(s)+1)])
'1121231234'
>>> s = "abcd"
>>> "".join([s[:i] for i in range(len(s)+1)])
'aababcabcd'
range(len(s)+1)
是因为切片,请参阅Explain Python's slice notation:
>>> s = "1234"
>>> len(s)
4
>>> range(len(s))
[0, 1, 2, 3]
>>> s[:3]
'123'
>>> range(len(s)+1)
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
>>> s[:4]
'1234'
然后:
>>> s[:0]
''
>>> s[:1]
'1'
>>> s[:2]
'12'
>>> s[:3]
'123'
>>> s[:4]
'1234'
最后,使用list([s[:1], s[:2], s[:3], s[:4]])
加入"".join(list)
,请参阅https://docs.python.org/2/library/string.html#string.join:
>>> list([s[:1], s[:2], s[:3], s[:4]])
['1', '12', '123', '1234']
>>> x = list([s[:1], s[:2], s[:3], s[:4]])
>>> "".join(x)
'1121231234'
>>> "-".join(x)
'1-12-123-1234'
>>> " ".join(x)
'1 12 123 1234'
为避免循环中的提取迭代,您可以使用range(1,len(s)+1)
,因为s[:0]
返回0长度的字符串:
>>> s = "1234"
>>> "".join([s[:i] for i in range(1,len(s)+1)])
'1121231234'
>>> "".join([s[:i] for i in range(len(s)+1)])
'1121231234'
答案 2 :(得分:0)
如果你使用的是python 3,你可以使用它来打印而不需要换行符:
print(yourString, end="")
所以你的功能可能是:
def string_splosion(str):
for i in range(len(str)):
print(str[:i], end="")
print(string_splosion('abcd'))