我无法理解此功能的工作原理。该函数应该接受一个字符串并将该字符串拆分成一对,其中第一个元素是第一个单词'在字符串中,第二个元素是输入字符串的其余部分。
特别是,在第6行,我理解为什么函数应该在isSpace c
为真时终止但不理解为什么它应该返回第一个元素为空列表的元组。我想知道是否有人可以解释为什么这适用于一个相对简单(但非平凡)的例子,如nextWord "an apple"
。
import Data.Char
nextWord :: String -> (String, String)
nextWord []
= ([],[])
nextWord (c:cs)
| isSpace c = ([], cs)
| otherwise = (c: word, other)
where
(word, other) = nextWord cs
编辑:作为给定参数以空格开头时此函数返回的示例,nextWord"你好"应该返回("","你好")。
答案 0 :(得分:7)
让我们一步一步!
nextWord "an apple"
由于"an apple"
没有与[]
进行模式匹配,我们就是第二种情况。用'a': "n apple"
代替c : cs
,我们得到:
nextWord ('a':"n apple")
| isSpace 'a' = ([], "n apple")
| otherwise = ('a': word, other)
where
(word, other) = nextWord "n apple"
isSpace 'a'
为False
,因此简化为
nextWord ('a':"n apple") = ('a': word, other)
where (word, other) = nextWord "n apple"
同样,对于nextWord "n apple"
我们得到
nextWord ('n':" apple") = ('n': word, other)
where (word, other) = nextWord " apple"
对nextWord " apple"
我们得到
nextWord (' ':"apple")
| isSpace ' ' = ([], "apple")
| otherwise = ('a': word, other)
where
(word, other) = nextWord "n apple"
简化为
nextWord (' ':"apple") = ([], "apple")
替换回nextWord "n apple"
的表达式,我们得到
nextWord ('n':" apple") = ('n': word, other)
where (word, other) = ([], "apple")
简化为
nextWord ('n':" apple") = ('n':[], "apple")
或
nextWord ('n':" apple") = ("n", "apple")
现在将其替换回nextWord "an apple"
的表达式,我们得到
nextWord ('a':"n apple") = ('a': word, other)
where (word, other) = ("n", "apple")
简化为
nextWord ('a':"n apple") = ('a':"n", "apple")
或
nextWord ('a':"n apple") = ("an", "apple")