我想知道在lodash中是否有一个更简单的方法来替换JavaScript集合中的项目? (可能duplicate但我不明白那里的答案:)
我查看了他们的文档但找不到任何内容
我的代码是:
var arr = [{id: 1, name: "Person 1"}, {id:2, name:"Person 2"}];
// Can following code be reduced to something like _.XX(arr, {id:1}, {id:1, name: "New Name"});
_.each(arr, function(a, idx){
if(a.id === 1){
arr[idx] = {id:1, name: "Person New Name"};
return false;
}
});
_.each(arr, function(a){
document.write(a.name);
});
更新 我试图替换的对象有许多属性,如
{id:1,Prop1:...,Prop2:......等等}
解决方案:
感谢dfsq,但我在lodash中找到了一个合适的解决方案,似乎工作得很好而且非常整洁,我把它放在mixin中,因为我在很多地方都有这个要求。 JSBin
var update = function(arr, key, newval) {
var match = _.find(arr, key);
if(match)
_.merge(match, newval);
else
arr.push(newval);
};
_.mixin({ '$update': update });
var arr = [{id: 1, name: "Person 1"}, {id:2, name:"Person 2"}];
_.$update(arr, {id:1}, {id:1, name: "New Val"});
document.write(JSON.stringify(arr));
更快的解决方案 正如@dfsq所指出的,以下是更快的方法
var upsert = function (arr, key, newval) {
var match = _.find(arr, key);
if(match){
var index = _.indexOf(arr, _.find(arr, key));
arr.splice(index, 1, newval);
} else {
arr.push(newval);
}
};
答案 0 :(得分:143)
在您的情况下,您需要做的就是在数组中查找对象并使用Array.prototype.splice
方法:
var arr = [{id: 1, name: "Person 1"}, {id:2, name:"Person 2"}];
// Find item index using _.findIndex (thanks @AJ Richardson for comment)
var index = _.findIndex(arr, {id: 1});
// Replace item at index using native splice
arr.splice(index, 1, {id: 100, name: 'New object.'});
// "console.log" result
document.write(JSON.stringify( arr ));

<script src="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lodash.js/2.4.1/lodash.min.js"></script>
&#13;
答案 1 :(得分:19)
似乎最简单的解决方案是使用ES6的.map
或lodash的_.map
:
var arr = [{id: 1, name: "Person 1"}, {id: 2, name: "Person 2"}];
// lodash
var newArr = _.map(arr, function(a) {
return a.id === 1 ? {id: 1, name: "Person New Name"} : a;
});
// ES6
var newArr = arr.map(function(a) {
return a.id === 1 ? {id: 1, name: "Person New Name"} : a;
});
这样可以避免改变原始数组。
答案 2 :(得分:18)
function findAndReplace(arr, find, replace) {
let i;
for(i=0; i < arr.length && arr[i].id != find.id; i++) {}
i < arr.length ? arr[i] = replace : arr.push(replace);
}
现在让我们测试所有方法的性能:
// TC's first approach
function first(arr, a, b) {
_.each(arr, function (x, idx) {
if (x.id === a.id) {
arr[idx] = b;
return false;
}
});
}
// solution with merge
function second(arr, a, b) {
const match = _.find(arr, a);
if (match) {
_.merge(match, b);
} else {
arr.push(b);
}
}
// most voted solution
function third(arr, a, b) {
const match = _.find(arr, a);
if (match) {
var index = _.indexOf(arr, _.find(arr, a));
arr.splice(index, 1, b);
} else {
arr.push(b);
}
}
// my approach
function fourth(arr, a, b){
let l;
for(l=0; l < arr.length && arr[l].id != a.id; l++) {}
l < arr.length ? arr[l] = b : arr.push(b);
}
function test(fn, times, el) {
const arr = [], size = 250;
for (let i = 0; i < size; i++) {
arr[i] = {id: i, name: `name_${i}`, test: "test"};
}
let start = Date.now();
_.times(times, () => {
const id = Math.round(Math.random() * size);
const a = {id};
const b = {id, name: `${id}_name`};
fn(arr, a, b);
});
el.innerHTML = Date.now() - start;
}
test(first, 1e5, document.getElementById("first"));
test(second, 1e5, document.getElementById("second"));
test(third, 1e5, document.getElementById("third"));
test(fourth, 1e5, document.getElementById("fourth"));
&#13;
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lodash.js/4.14.1/lodash.min.js"></script>
<div>
<ol>
<li><b id="first"></b> ms [TC's first approach]</li>
<li><b id="second"></b> ms [solution with merge]</li>
<li><b id="third"></b> ms [most voted solution]</li>
<li><b id="fourth"></b> ms [my approach]</li>
</ol>
<div>
&#13;
答案 3 :(得分:15)
[ES6] 此代码适合我。
let result = array.map(item => item.id === updatedItem.id ? updatedItem : item)
答案 4 :(得分:9)
您也可以使用findIndex和pick来获得相同的结果:
var arr = [{id: 1, name: "Person 1"}, {id:2, name:"Person 2"}];
var data = {id: 2, name: 'Person 2 (updated)'};
var index = _.findIndex(arr, _.pick(data, 'id'));
if( index !== -1) {
arr.splice(index, 1, data);
} else {
arr.push(data);
}
答案 5 :(得分:5)
随着时间的推移,您应该采用更具功能性的方法,在这种方法中,您应该避免数据突变并编写小型的单一责任函数。使用ECMAScript 6标准,您可以使用提供的map
,filter
和reduce
方法在JavaScript中享受函数式编程范例。你不需要另外的lodash,下划线或其他什么来做最基本的事情。
下面我已经提供了一些针对此问题的建议解决方案,以展示如何使用不同的语言功能解决此问题:
使用ES6地图:
const replace = predicate => replacement => element =>
predicate(element) ? replacement : element
const arr = [ { id: 1, name: "Person 1" }, { id:2, name:"Person 2" } ];
const predicate = element => element.id === 1
const replacement = { id: 100, name: 'New object.' }
const result = arr.map(replace (predicate) (replacement))
console.log(result)
递归版 - 相当于映射:
需要destructuring和array spread 。
const replace = predicate => replacement =>
{
const traverse = ([head, ...tail]) =>
head
? [predicate(head) ? replacement : head, ...tail]
: []
return traverse
}
const arr = [ { id: 1, name: "Person 1" }, { id:2, name:"Person 2" } ];
const predicate = element => element.id === 1
const replacement = { id: 100, name: 'New object.' }
const result = replace (predicate) (replacement) (arr)
console.log(result)
当最终数组的顺序不重要时,您可以使用object
作为HashMap数据结构。非常方便,如果您已将密钥集合作为object
- 否则您必须先更改您的代表。
需要object rest spread,computed property names和Object.entries 。
const replace = key => ({id, ...values}) => hashMap =>
({
...hashMap, //original HashMap
[key]: undefined, //delete the replaced value
[id]: values //assign replacement
})
// HashMap <-> array conversion
const toHashMapById = array =>
array.reduce(
(acc, { id, ...values }) =>
({ ...acc, [id]: values })
, {})
const toArrayById = hashMap =>
Object.entries(hashMap)
.filter( // filter out undefined values
([_, value]) => value
)
.map(
([id, values]) => ({ id, ...values })
)
const arr = [ { id: 1, name: "Person 1" }, { id:2, name:"Person 2" } ];
const replaceKey = 1
const replacement = { id: 100, name: 'New object.' }
// Create a HashMap from the array, treating id properties as keys
const hashMap = toHashMapById(arr)
console.log(hashMap)
// Result of replacement - notice an undefined value for replaced key
const resultHashMap = replace (replaceKey) (replacement) (hashMap)
console.log(resultHashMap)
// Final result of conversion from the HashMap to an array
const result = toArrayById (resultHashMap)
console.log(result)
答案 6 :(得分:2)
如果您只是尝试替换一个属性,则lodash _.find
和_.set
就足够了:
var arr = [{id: 1, name: "Person 1"}, {id: 2, name: "Person 2"}];
_.set(_.find(arr, {id: 1}), 'name', 'New Person');
答案 7 :(得分:1)
如果新对象的插入点不需要与前一个对象的索引匹配,那么使用lodash执行此操作的最简单方法是使用_.reject
然后将新值推送到数组中:
var arr = [
{ id: 1, name: "Person 1" },
{ id: 2, name: "Person 2" }
];
arr = _.reject(arr, { id: 1 });
arr.push({ id: 1, name: "New Val" });
// result will be: [{ id: 2, name: "Person 2" }, { id: 1, name: "New Val" }]
如果您想在一次传递中替换多个值,则可以执行以下操作(以非ES6格式编写):
var arr = [
{ id: 1, name: "Person 1" },
{ id: 2, name: "Person 2" },
{ id: 3, name: "Person 3" }
];
idsToReplace = [2, 3];
arr = _.reject(arr, function(o) { return idsToReplace.indexOf(o.id) > -1; });
arr.push({ id: 3, name: "New Person 3" });
arr.push({ id: 2, name: "New Person 2" });
// result will be: [{ id: 1, name: "Person 1" }, { id: 3, name: "New Person 3" }, { id: 2, name: "New Person 2" }]
答案 8 :(得分:1)
您可以不使用lodash进行操作。
let arr = [{id: 1, name: "Person 1"}, {id: 2, name: "Person 2"}];
let newObj = {id: 1, name: "new Person"}
/*Add new prototype function on Array class*/
Array.prototype._replaceObj = function(newObj, key) {
return this.map(obj => (obj[key] === newObj[key] ? newObj : obj));
};
/*return [{id: 1, name: "new Person"}, {id: 2, name: "Person 2"}]*/
arr._replaceObj(newObj, "id")
答案 9 :(得分:1)
同样也可以做到这一点。
const persons = [{id: 1, name: "Person 1"}, {id:2, name:"Person 2"}];
const updatedPerson = {id: 1, name: "new Person Name"}
const updatedPersons = persons.map(person => (
person.id === updated.id
? updatedPerson
: person
))
如果需要,我们可以将其概括化
const replaceWhere = (list, predicate, replacement) => {
return list.map(item => predicate(item) ? replacement : item)
}
replaceWhere(persons, person => person.id === updatedPerson.id, updatedPerson)
答案 10 :(得分:1)
如果你想创建一个函数并保持“lodash-ey”,你可以创建一个与回调一起工作的包装函数。它使功能更通用。
写这个试试像
function findAllAndReplace(array, replacement, callback){
return array.map( element => callback(element) ? replacement : element )
}
要按键查找和替换,只需使您的回调非常简单。 (itemInArray) => itemInArray.keyOnItem
但是如果您想要更高级的功能,您几乎可以毫不费力地将其合并。以下是一些示例。
const items = [{id: 1}, {id: 2}, {id: 3}, {id: 4}, {id: 5}]
findAllAndReplace( items, {id: 7}, item => item.id === 2 )
const people = [
{
name: "John",
age: 20
},
{
name: "John",
age: 28
},
{
name: "Jim",
age: 28
},
]
findAllAndReplace(
people, // all the people
{ name: "Jon", age: 28 }, // Replacement value
(person) => person.name === "jon" && person.age === 21 // callback function
)
此外,上述方法会找到所有匹配并替换它们的实例,但如果您只想为一个实例执行此操作,您可以执行以下操作。
function findOneAndReplace(array, replacement, callback){
const splitIndex = array.findIndex(callback)
// This if statement can be ommitted, but might
// be handy depending on your use case
if(splitIndex < 0){
throw new Error("Swap Element not found")
}
const leadingTerms = array.slice(0, splitIndex)
const trailingTerms = array.slice(splitIndex + 1, array.length)
return [...leadingTerms, replacement, ...trailingTerms]
)
注意:如果没有找到匹配的元素,让你的函数中断可能会很有用,但如果你不想要那个特性,你可以删掉那些代码行。
答案 11 :(得分:0)
如果您正在寻找一种不可改变的方式来更改集合(就像我在找到您的问题时那样),您可以查看immutability-helper,一个从原始React util派生的库。在您的情况下,您将通过以下方式完成您提到的内容:
var update = require('immutability-helper')
var arr = [{id: 1, name: "Person 1"}, {id:2, name:"Person 2"}]
var newArray = update(arr, { 0: { name: { $set: 'New Name' } } })
//=> [{id: 1, name: "New Name"}, {id:2, name:"Person 2"}]
答案 12 :(得分:0)
使用lodash unionWith函数,您可以对对象完成简单的upsert。文档指出,如果存在匹配项,它将使用第一个数组。将更新后的对象包装在[](数组)中,并将其作为并集函数的第一个数组。只需指定您的匹配逻辑,如果找到了它将替换它,否则将添加
示例:
let contacts = [
{type: 'email', desc: 'work', primary: true, value: 'email prim'},
{type: 'phone', desc: 'cell', primary: true, value:'phone prim'},
{type: 'phone', desc: 'cell', primary: false,value:'phone secondary'},
{type: 'email', desc: 'cell', primary: false,value:'email secondary'}
]
// Update contacts because found a match
_.unionWith([{type: 'email', desc: 'work', primary: true, value: 'email updated'}], contacts, (l, r) => l.type == r.type && l.primary == r.primary)
// Add to contacts - no match found
_.unionWith([{type: 'fax', desc: 'work', primary: true, value: 'fax added'}], contacts, (l, r) => l.type == r.type && l.primary == r.primary)
答案 13 :(得分:0)
变体也不错)
var arr = [{id: 1, name: "Person 1"}, {id: 2, name: "Person 2"}];
var id = 1; //id to find
arr[_.find(arr, {id: id})].name = 'New Person';
答案 14 :(得分:0)
var arr= [{id: 1, name: "Person 1"}, {id:2, name:"Person 2"}];
var index = _.findIndex(arr, {id: 1});
arr[index] = {id: 100, name: 'xyz'}
答案 15 :(得分:0)
不可修改,适用于ReactJS
:
假设:
cosnt arr = [{id: 1, name: "Person 1"}, {id:2, name:"Person 2"}];
更新后的项目是第二个,名称更改为Special Person
:
const updatedItem = {id:2, name:"Special Person"};
提示 :lodash有有用的工具,但是现在我们在Ecmascript6 +上有其中一些工具,所以我只使用map
函数lodash
和ecmascript6+
上都存在:
const newArr = arr.map(item => item.id === 2 ? updatedItem : item);